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Startup
                      BackOffice
                      101
                         Mark MacLeod
                              @startupcfo
                             Real Ventures




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Agenda

      What is “Back Office”? &
      why does it matter?
      Your Back Office Toolkit
      Measuring Your Business
      Hiring a CFO
      What Investors Expect...


© Mark MacLeod 2011
What is “Back Office”?




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Back office

                      Accounting
                      Payroll, HR, Benefits
                      Legal stuff
                      Investor Relations
                      Board & Governance




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Why it Matters...




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Trust

                      Accounting: Accurate, reliable, timely, cash
                      control
                      Payroll, HR, Benefits: Reliable, tax, etc
                      Legal stuff: Accessible, documented
                      Investor Relations: Lots of info
                      Board & Governance: Documented decisions




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup
                      Back office
                        Toolkit




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Accounting...
            Do this...




       Also good (but your accountant won’t like them...)




      Don’t do this...

© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Payroll & Benefits...
      The default...




        Bonus tool: It’s free...




                 Don’t do it in house

© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup legals...
           Standard Agreements...

                                         Your VCs

              Everything else




                      Don’t do this...


© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Cash Accounting Tips...




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Accounting Tips...


         Vendor Payments: 15th & end of month
         Credit card for everything
         Outsource & batch (no more than 2x/
         month)




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Legal / Governance Tips...


         Scan & archive everything
         NDA list
         Use lawyer only for templates & key docs
         Must: IP assignment, confidentiality,Work for
         hire




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Measuring Your Business

          The basic financial reporting package

          Balance Sheet: Assets, liabilities, equity
          Operating Statement: Revenues,
           expenses
          Cashflow: Sources and uses of cash
          Dashboard: Key financial and non-
           financial metrics



© Mark MacLeod 2011
Sample Financials...
                                                                                  ACME STARTUP
                                                                          STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
                                        ACME STARTUP                      For the year ended Jan. 31, 2009
                                       BALANCE SHEET                        (All amounts in 000s CAD$)

                                        January 31, 2000
                                  (All amounts in 000s CAD$)
                                                                         REVENUES

                                                                         COST OF DELIVERY
                      ASSETS                                             Hosting
                                                                         Customer Acquisition (partners)

                      Current
                                                                         GROSS MARGIN
                                Cash & equivalents
                                Accounts receivable                      OPERATING EXPENSES
                                Other receivables
                                                                         Sales & Marketing
                                Prepaid expenses                          Personnel
                                                                          Customer Acquisition
                                                                          Marketing programs
                                                                          Travel & other
                      Long-Term
                                Capital assets, net
                                                                         Research & Development + QA
                                Intellectual property                     Personnel
                                                                          Equipment, Licensing & Other



                      TOTAL ASSETS                                       Operations
                                                                          Personnel
                                                                          Equipment, Licensing & Other
                      LIABILITIES & DEFICIT
                      Current
                                                                         Corporate
                                Accounts payable & accrued liabilities    Personnel
                                Bank loan                                 Recruiting
                                                                          Facilities, Insurance & Office
                                Deferred revenue                          Travel & other
                      TOTAL LIABILITIES                                   Communications & IT
                                                                          Professional fees

                      SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                                                                         Total Expenses
                                Common Shares
                                Preferred 'A' Shares                     EBITDA
                                Preferred 'B' Shares
                                                                         Amortization
                                Accumulated deficit                      SRED, Grants
                                Share issuance costs                     Foreign exchange
                                                                         Financial
                                Contributed surplus
                                                                         NET LOSS

© Mark MacLeod 2011
Startup Accounting Tips...
                                                                  WATERFALL
                                                                  Acquisition
                                        ACME STARTUP
                                                                  For every 100 visitors (not including usage)
                                 STATEMENT OF CASHFLOW
                               For the year ended Jan. 31, 2009
                                                                  Registration
                                 (All amounts in $ 000s CAD)

                                                                  Activation

        CASHFLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                                                                  Retention

        Income (Loss) for the period
                                                                  USERS
        Other non-cash items
                                                                  New
                                                                  Total
        Change in non-cash operating working capital items

                                                                  USAGE
                                                                  Stat 1
        CASHFLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                                                                  Stat 2
        Issuance of Shares (net of issuance costs)
                                                                  Stat 3
        Loans


                                                                  EMPLOYEES
        CASHFLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
        Additions to property, plant and equipment
                                                                  Net change
        Increase in intangible assets
                                                                    S&M
                                                                    R&D
                                                                    Ops
        DECREASE IN CASH AND EQUIVALENTS
                                                                    G&A

        CASH AND EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING OF PERIOD
                                                                  Budgeted hires
                                                                  Actual hires
        CASH AND EQUIVALENTS - END OF PERIOD

                                                                  LIQUIDITY


                                                                  Cash & Equivalents


                                                                  Working Capital


                                                                  Number of months' pure burn on hand


© Mark MacLeod 2011
Tips for Good Reporting

              Summary format: Don’t send your whole GL
              Round up: $000s of $
              Narrative: Tell your stakeholders what’s going on
              Dashboard: Give people a quick pulse of your
               Operating metrics
               User and revenue trends
               Hiring
               Cash burn & runway
              Don’t spend a lot of time on this early on




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Non-Financial Measurement..

           All web businesses should be data-driven!
           Know your
            Waterfall & conversion rates – visitors to register
              to active to paid
            Sources of best users
            Usage patterns
            Virality drivers
            Customer acquisition cost by source
            Churn
            Advance screening for low usage users who may
              churn and high usage folks who might pay




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Hiring a CFO

                      This...   Not this...




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Role of the CFO
       Financier: Keep the bank flush
       Technician: Controls, reporting
       Closer: Help bring in the big deals
       Operator: Process, metrics, discipline
       Lawyer: Check everything with words & a
        signature
       Sys Admin: Systems, information, data dude
       Cheapskate: Say “NO” a lot
       Consigliere: Any Godfather fans out there know
        what I’m talking about…




© Mark MacLeod 2011
When you need one...

          Advisor: From day 1 (opportunity assessment)
          Part time: Early (help with 1st funding, etc.)
          Full time: “B” round




© Mark MacLeod 2011
Investor Expectations

          Accurate, consistent & timely info

          You understand key metrics

          You know where $ are being spent

          Package:
          - Monthly financials & dashboard
          - Regular blurb from the CEO (incubator - weekly; seed -
            bi-weekly; series A on - monthly)
          - One on one call before board meetings or if you have
            major issues
          - Full transparency (good, bad, ugly...)


© Mark MacLeod 2011
q&a



                      Questions?




© Mark MacLeod 2011
thank you


                            mark macleod
                      twitter: @startupcfo
                           blog: startupcfo.ca
                       web: realventures.com
                      about.me/markmacleod




© Mark MacLeod 2011

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Founderfuel backoffice talk oct 4 2011

  • 1. Startup BackOffice 101 Mark MacLeod @startupcfo Real Ventures © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 2. Agenda What is “Back Office”? & why does it matter? Your Back Office Toolkit Measuring Your Business Hiring a CFO What Investors Expect... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 3. What is “Back Office”? © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 4. Startup Back office Accounting Payroll, HR, Benefits Legal stuff Investor Relations Board & Governance © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 5. Why it Matters... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 6. Trust Accounting: Accurate, reliable, timely, cash control Payroll, HR, Benefits: Reliable, tax, etc Legal stuff: Accessible, documented Investor Relations: Lots of info Board & Governance: Documented decisions © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 7. Startup Back office Toolkit © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 8. Startup Accounting... Do this... Also good (but your accountant won’t like them...) Don’t do this... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 9. Startup Payroll & Benefits... The default... Bonus tool: It’s free... Don’t do it in house © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 10. Startup legals... Standard Agreements... Your VCs Everything else Don’t do this... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 11. Startup Cash Accounting Tips... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 12. Startup Accounting Tips... Vendor Payments: 15th & end of month Credit card for everything Outsource & batch (no more than 2x/ month) © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 13. Startup Legal / Governance Tips... Scan & archive everything NDA list Use lawyer only for templates & key docs Must: IP assignment, confidentiality,Work for hire © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 14. Measuring Your Business The basic financial reporting package Balance Sheet: Assets, liabilities, equity Operating Statement: Revenues, expenses Cashflow: Sources and uses of cash Dashboard: Key financial and non- financial metrics © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 15. Sample Financials... ACME STARTUP STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS ACME STARTUP For the year ended Jan. 31, 2009 BALANCE SHEET (All amounts in 000s CAD$) January 31, 2000 (All amounts in 000s CAD$) REVENUES COST OF DELIVERY ASSETS Hosting Customer Acquisition (partners) Current GROSS MARGIN Cash & equivalents Accounts receivable OPERATING EXPENSES Other receivables Sales & Marketing Prepaid expenses Personnel Customer Acquisition Marketing programs Travel & other Long-Term Capital assets, net Research & Development + QA Intellectual property Personnel Equipment, Licensing & Other TOTAL ASSETS Operations Personnel Equipment, Licensing & Other LIABILITIES & DEFICIT Current Corporate Accounts payable & accrued liabilities Personnel Bank loan Recruiting Facilities, Insurance & Office Deferred revenue Travel & other TOTAL LIABILITIES Communications & IT Professional fees SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Total Expenses Common Shares Preferred 'A' Shares EBITDA Preferred 'B' Shares Amortization Accumulated deficit SRED, Grants Share issuance costs Foreign exchange Financial Contributed surplus NET LOSS © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 16. Startup Accounting Tips... WATERFALL Acquisition ACME STARTUP For every 100 visitors (not including usage) STATEMENT OF CASHFLOW For the year ended Jan. 31, 2009 Registration (All amounts in $ 000s CAD) Activation CASHFLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Retention Income (Loss) for the period USERS Other non-cash items New Total Change in non-cash operating working capital items USAGE Stat 1 CASHFLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES Stat 2 Issuance of Shares (net of issuance costs) Stat 3 Loans EMPLOYEES CASHFLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES Additions to property, plant and equipment Net change Increase in intangible assets S&M R&D Ops DECREASE IN CASH AND EQUIVALENTS G&A CASH AND EQUIVALENTS - BEGINNING OF PERIOD Budgeted hires Actual hires CASH AND EQUIVALENTS - END OF PERIOD LIQUIDITY Cash & Equivalents Working Capital Number of months' pure burn on hand © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 17. Tips for Good Reporting Summary format: Don’t send your whole GL Round up: $000s of $ Narrative: Tell your stakeholders what’s going on Dashboard: Give people a quick pulse of your Operating metrics User and revenue trends Hiring Cash burn & runway Don’t spend a lot of time on this early on © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 18. Non-Financial Measurement.. All web businesses should be data-driven! Know your Waterfall & conversion rates – visitors to register to active to paid Sources of best users Usage patterns Virality drivers Customer acquisition cost by source Churn Advance screening for low usage users who may churn and high usage folks who might pay © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 19. Hiring a CFO This... Not this... © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 20. Role of the CFO Financier: Keep the bank flush Technician: Controls, reporting Closer: Help bring in the big deals Operator: Process, metrics, discipline Lawyer: Check everything with words & a signature Sys Admin: Systems, information, data dude Cheapskate: Say “NO” a lot Consigliere: Any Godfather fans out there know what I’m talking about… © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 21. When you need one... Advisor: From day 1 (opportunity assessment) Part time: Early (help with 1st funding, etc.) Full time: “B” round © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 22. Investor Expectations Accurate, consistent & timely info You understand key metrics You know where $ are being spent Package: - Monthly financials & dashboard - Regular blurb from the CEO (incubator - weekly; seed - bi-weekly; series A on - monthly) - One on one call before board meetings or if you have major issues - Full transparency (good, bad, ugly...) © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 23. q&a Questions? © Mark MacLeod 2011
  • 24. thank you mark macleod twitter: @startupcfo blog: startupcfo.ca web: realventures.com about.me/markmacleod © Mark MacLeod 2011