1.
Artificial Intelligence: Just
a Beginning

2.
Intelligence is the ability to learn about, to learn
from, to understand about, and interact with
one’s environment.
Intelligence is not to make no mistakes but
quickly to understand how to make them good.
...A German Poet…
What is Intelligence???

3.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The branch of computer
science which aims to
create machines with
“intelligence” or making
intelligence machines.
Basis of field is that
“intelligence” can be
described by a machine.
Which raises many
philosophical questions.
What is Artificial Intelligence?

4.
How Does AI Works??
Artificial intelligence
works with the help of
•Artificial Neurons
(Artificial Neural Network)
And
•Scientific theorems(If-
Then Statements, Logics)

5.
 Artificial neural networks are
composed of interconnecting
artificial neurons
(programming, that mimic
the properties of biological
neurons).
What is Neural Networking??

6.
Dendrites: Accepts Inputs
Soma: Processes the Inputs
Axon: Turns the processed inputs into
outputs
Synapses: The electrochemical contact
between neurons

7.
7
An Artificial Neuron: A sample
W1
W2
W3
Wn
∑ f
X1
X2
X3
Xn
SynapsesDendrites
Body
(Soma)
Axon
Output (y)

8.
We are building intelligence in an object so that it can do
what we want it to do, as for example-- robots, thus
reducing human labor and reducing human mistakes .
Why we Need Artificial intelligence

9.
PROSPECTOR:
Used by geologists to identify
sites for drilling or mining
PUFF:
Medical system
for diagnosis of respi-ratory
conditions
Applications of AI

10.
LITHIAN: Gives advice to
archaeologists examining stone
tools
DENDRAL: Used to identify the
structure of chemical
compounds. First used in 1965

11.
Robots
ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) Created by
Honda Motor Company in 1986…
A machine resembling a human being and able to
replicate certain human movements and functions.

12.
Laws of Robotics
Isaac Asimov wrote a set of
three rules in his classic I,
Robot which all robots
must obey:
 A robot may not injure a
human being or, through
inaction, allow a human
being to come to harm.
 A robot must obey orders
given to it by human beings,
except where such orders
would conflict with the First
Law.
 A robot must protect its own
existence as long as such
protection does not conflict
with the First or Second Law.

13.
Impact of AI
 Decreased demand for
human labor
 Enhancement of
human ability or
experience
 Redefinition of human
identity and basic
values (e.g.
intelligence)
 …………….

14.
Awareness: AI in Fiction Movies
Servants: Star Wars
(R2D2)
Comrade: Star Trek Lt.
Commander Data
Extension of Human
Abilities: Ghost in the
Shell
Conqueror: The Matrix
A Race: Starcraft
Self Intelligence :I Robot
Feelings*: Robocop

15.
Man :Machine
Several futurists argue
that artificial intelligence
will transcend the limits
of progress and human
intelligence.
This idea is based on
Moore’s Law (1965-
2007):
 Relentless exponential
improvement in digital
technology with
mysterious accuracy.

16.
Gordon Moore’s Law
 This law predicts that
desktop computers will
have the same processing
power as human brains by
the year 2029.
 2045: AI will reach a point
where it is able to improve
itself at a rate that far
exceeds anything in the
past.

17.
Man + Machine: Cyborgs
Several futurists believe
that human beings and
robots will merge to
create cyborgs more
capable and powerful
than either.
This idea is called
trans-humanism.
RoboCop

18.
18
Difference Between Humans and Machines
Humans (and animals) use prior knowledge to deal
with sensory input. The process involves a complex
of bottom-up and top-down processes.
It is hard to develop algorithms for a
barely understood process.
Certainly, we cannot match human behavior by a
machine, unless the machine has prior knowledge of
its environment.

19.
19
The Big Obstacle to General AI
We have too little knowledge of how the
brain works, especially how context is conditional
and brought into play.
Adding more CPU power helps only if we
understand the problem (as in the case of chess), so
general advances in computing are not likely to help.
Once we accept that humans and computers are
fundamentally different machines we should not try
to imitate the way humans solve a problem.

20.
Human Intelligence & Artificial Intelligence

21.
Human Intelligence & Artificial Intelligence
Human Intelligence
Intuition, Common
sense, Judgment,
Creativity, Beliefs etc
The ability to demonstrate
their intelligence by
communicating effectively
Plausible Reasoning and
Critical thinking
Artificial Intelligence
Ability to simulate
human behavior and
cognitive processes
Capture and preserve
human expertise
Fast Response. The
ability to comprehend
large amounts of data
quickly.
Pros

22.
• Humans are fallible
• They have limited
knowledge bases
• Information processing of
serial nature proceed very
slowly in the brain as
compared to computers
Humans are unable to
retain large amounts of
data in memory.
No “common sense”
Cannot readily deal with
“mixed” knowledge
May have high
development costs
Raise legal and ethical
concerns
Human Intelligence & Artificial Intelligence
Human Intelligence Artificial Intelligence
Cons

23.
Human Intelligence VS Artificial Intelligence
We achieve more than we know. We know more
than we understand. We understand more than we
can explain……Claude Bernard, French scientific
philosopher

24.
Final Perspective
For Humans Intelligence is no
more than TAKING a right decision
at right time
And
For Machines Artificial Intelligence
is no more than CHOOSING a right
decision at right time
I think Artificial intelligence is the
Second intelligence ever to exist

25.
The special ability of artificial intelligence is
to reach a solution, based on facts rather than
on a preset series of steps—is what most
closely resembles the thinking function of the
human brain.
Conclusion
AI is Close to Human Brain

26.
Thank You
Our Attempt To Build Models
Of Ourselves.
Elaine Rich

27.
Be Not Afraid Of Falling Be Afraid Of Not Trying

28.
ASIMO capabilities
Recognition of moving
objects
Recognition of posture and
gesture
Environmental recognition
Distinguishing sounds
Facial Recognition

29.
ASIMO capabilities in detail
 The robot can follow and greet a person
 Can recognize when a handshake is offered and wave in back to
someone
 Can distinguish objects and terrain in its environment
 Distinguish between voices and other sounds
 Identify 10 different faces and once they are registered they can
respond to them by name

30.
Pros
 It can do tedious chores that
take up a lot of time
 Help the elderly and disabled
 Can perform certain tasks
that are dangerous to
humans
 Productivity can increase
Cons
 People fear that robot will
take over their job
 Less personal
communication
 Fear that robots will take
over human activity

31.
Current Work
 Inspiring young scientist
 Education
 it can be an extra set of hands,
ears, eyes for humans
 Make it more affordable than
its one million price currently

32.
Reference Page
"ASIMO." Wilipedia, the free encyclopedia.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/asimo>.
"Honda- The Power of Dreams." 2008. American Honda Motor Company. 15
Nov. 2008 <http://www.honda.com/power-of-dreams/#home>.
Obringer, Lee A., and Jonathan Strickland. "How ASIMO works." How
Stuff Works. <http:/http://science.howstuffworks.com/asimo5.htm>.