1. Maslow's theory of
need hierarchy

2. Needs
• Needs are something that are necessary for an organism to live a
healthy life
• Distinguished from wants
• Deficiency causes a clear adverse outcome: a dysfunction or death
• Two types
1. Objective/Physical
E.g. Food, Shelter etc..
2. Subjective/ Psychological
E.g. Self-esteem, Affection etc..

3. Needs
Subsistence
Protection
Affection
Under-
standing
Participation
Leisure
Creation
Identity
Freedom
Fundamentals
of human needs

4. The needs -Meaning
Need Meaning (having things)
Subsistence food, shelter, work
Protection social security, health systems, work
Affection friendships, family, relationships with nature
Understanding literature, teachers, policies, educational
Participation responsibilities, duties, work, rights
Leisure games, parties, peace of mind
Creation abilities, skills, work, techniques
Identity language, religions, work, customs, values, norms
Freedom equal rights

5. Abraham maslow
• American psychologist
• Professor at Brooklyn College
• Creator of Maslow's hierarchy of needs
• Stressed the importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people

6. Maslow's hierarchy of human
needs
• It is a theory of psychology written in his paper "A Theory of Human
Motivation" in Psychological Review in 1943
• It is the part of human motivation
• You also can say them as stages of growth in humans
• A five stage triangle assumes that a person attempts to satisfy the
more basic needs before directing behavior toward satisfying upper-
level needs

7. Theory
“We each have a hierarchy of needs that ranges from "lower"
to "higher." As lower needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for
other, higher needs to emerge.”
Daniels, 2004

8. A pyramid with the more basic needs at the bottom

9. Physiological Needs
• Mostly, literal requirements for human survival
• If not met, the human body cannot function
• Could be classified as basic animal needs

10. Physiological Needs
What physical
needs do every
person have?

11. Safety Needs
• Once physical needs are met, safety needs take over
• Safety of property against natural disasters, calamities, wars, etc.
• Health and well-being
• Financial and job security
• Law and order

12. Safety Needs

13. Social/Emotional Needs
• Next level to the safety needs
• Need to love and be loved by someone
• Facilitate outside social activities
• Encourage social interaction create team spirit
• Need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance
• Allow participation

14. Social/Emotional Nees

15. Esteem Needs
• Need to be respected by others and in turn respect them
• Sense of contribution, to feel self-valued, in profession or hobby
• Lower - respect of others, the need for status, recognition, fame,
prestige, and attention
• Higher - self-respect, the need for strength, competence, mastery,
self-confidence, independence and freedom

16. Esteem Needs

17. Self Actualization Needs
• What a man can be, he must be
• Intrinsic growth of what is already in a person
• Growth-motivated rather than deficiency-motivated
• Cannot normally be reached until other lower order needs are met
• Rarely happens - < 1%
• Acceptance of facts, spontaneous, focused on problems outside self,
without prejudice

18. Self Actualization Needs

19. Modified/extended hierarchy of needs

20. Practice in Management
• Marketing and advertising
• As a business we must learn how to communicate how
our product or service communicates to one of these
levels of human needs
• Understanding the workers
• Understanding the employee needs and to motivate them
• Finally to achieve the objectives and goals
 Human Resource Management
 Employee’s Performance

21. Limitations of Maslow’s Theory
• Every individual is different from each other
• Not all individuals are governed by same set of needs
• Each one driven by different needs at same point of time
• The needs may not follow a definite hierarchical order. For
example, even if safety need is not satisfied, the social need may
emerge
• The level of motivation may be permanently lower for some
people. For example, a person suffering from chronic
unemployment may remain satisfied for the rest of his life if only
he get enough food