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Embryonic Stem Cell Controversy
The controversy over stem cell research's use in the medical field is almost two decades old. So
why the sudden intense return of fierce political debates over an old issue? It's because President
Obama recently revoked the ban on stem cell research, as he believes it holds the potential to
revolutionize the medical industry in the years to come. As USA Today quoted him saying in
March, after he stopped restricting federal funding for stem cell research, "At this moment, the full
promise of stem cell research remains unknown and should not be overstated. Scientists believe
these tiny cells may have the potential to help us understand, and possibly cure, some of our most
devastating diseases and conditions." The body's master cells are...show more content...
... the embryo would have been thrown away at an abortion clinic anyway. Now, given the choice of
completely wasting the life or using it in order to further research, I'd pick research." (http:/
/www.juniorpolitics.com/) The fertility clinics, however, appear to be stem cell research advocates'
favorite reference on how their work is ethical and humane in comparison. According to Michael
Kinsley, Time Magazine reporter, "Embryonic stem–cell studies are controversial because they
involve the destruction of human embryos. However, fertility clinics destroy far more human
embryos than stem–cell research ever would, yet they are not controversial." (http://www.time.com)
Pro–stem cell research scientists have found that citing fertility clinics as a similar field severely
lessens the educated opposition against their work. This is because most pro–life advocates and
mainstream Christians are advocates for the use of fertility clinics to help struggling couples get
pregnant. They view fertility clinics as a place to help create life, not take it. In this, I speak from
personal experience, as many of my Christian friends and relatives have been in and out of fertility
clinics throughout the years, attempting to procreate a being to love, raise, and care for. In short,
the debate boils down to the ancient debate of whether or not a fetus or human embryo is a life or
not. Pro–life advocates say that human fetuses are absolutely,
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Persuasive Essay On Animal Cruelty
Animal Cruelty
Paul McCartney once said, "if slaughterhouses had glass walls, we would all be vegetarian." There
are many different forms of animal cruelty, ranging from labs, to farms, to even circuses. People
have been using animals for a long time, they have controlled them for even longer. But despite that,
there have still been some positive outcomes from this otherwise dark subject. Some people support
the things that are happening to these animals. But others make it their mission to stand up for the
animals that are mistreated everyday. Animal cruelty can mean many things to many different
people, it can be a controversial topic, with many different sides and stories to it, it has a long
history, much of it being good, much of it bad.
There are more types of animal cruelty then one could even imagine. Many people do not consider
that what they are eating, or wearing, or using, or enjoying came at the cost of an animal. According
to Rachel Hajar, one form of animal cruelty that has been put into the spotlight in recent years is
animal testing (Alternative to Animal Testing 39). Animals are brought into labs and spend their
entire lives there being tortured, used, and experimented on. It's estimated that each year, more than
100 million animals are used for experimenting. They use all sorts of animals, including dogs, cats,
rabbits, hamsters, monkeys, fish, and more. They are forced to live in cages, confined, and isolated.
Another form of animal cruelty can be found
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Abortion : A Controversial Issue
Abortion is a controversial issue in many countries all the time and there are always two sides of
abortion. Pro–life supporters believe that abortion is immoral, so they argue that it should be illegal
because an unborn baby is life. However, they do not figure out that woman who is on the inevitable
situation such as infection, rape, or extreme poverty would still have the abortion even though the
abortion is illegal. Many women die due to unsafe abortion, which is illegal and performed by
uneducated people. Therefore, the abortion should be legal to protect the life of 'alive women'
because women's life is equal to human's right. I would like to provide more affirmative bases to
support abortion in this paper. Women have right to control their own bodies and decisions. As
human free will, women can determine their decision for their future. It is sometimes inevitable to
maintain their lifestyle that they have before they become pregnant. Although pregnant is the
responsibility of both, woman and man, as a result of having sex, women should give up their career
or study because pregnancy and childbirth are not as easy at all as just people generally think.
Furthermore, women who have the abortion are in difficult condition, which is the unwanted. The
Guttmacher institute research said that unintended or unplanned pregnancies were 41 percent of
national pregnancies (Abortion Worldwide: A Decade of Uneven Progress). This high rate is from
the unavoidable inability of
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Chelsea Maldonado
November 17, 2014 PHIL 1304–010 Religion is a very controversial topic around the world. While
the term seems complex, when actually broken down, the main religions have one simple concept
in common; religion is here for comfort, it serves as a rule book to human behavior on earth so
people can have comfort in the thought of death. When getting to know an individual it is important
to know what their beliefs are. A lot of the qualities they possess will come from their up–bringing,
culture and personal opinions however, around the world most of these beliefs come straight from
one's religious beliefs. In most places religion is the culture, opinions and guideline to up–bringing.
Religion teaches people how to live their lives while giving people something to live for, something
to attain or an end goal. The world is diverse, there are 4,200 different religions. As we've seen in
history, not understanding the various beliefs and practices can create extreme separation and
violence between religious groups. It is important to gain knowledge about the common goal that
religions share because once that is established it becomes easier to accept and understand the
person. In particular, Buddhism, is more than just a religion. Buddhism, to its followers, is the way
of life, or philosophy. Not understanding their religion is not understanding their life at all. Buddhism
goes beyond meditation, practices and rituals, it is how a Buddhist lives,
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Informative Speech On Birth Control
Who in here has heard of or even know what the term birth control is? According to
medicinenet.com, birth control is the use of any practices, methods, or devices to prevent pregnancy
from occuring in sexually active women. Today, I will be talking about a couple of methods of birth
control which include: the pill, the patch, and the implant. Another method I will be talking to you
about isn't always considered a form of birth control, but it actually is; condoms. My goal today is
to not only inform you of the many birth controls but to also encourage you to look at the pros and
the cons of every method if you are using contraception. Birth control is a very broad topic with
many alternatives which can impact your lifestyle in many ways, therefore you should consider
these alternatives before applying any form of contraceptive into your body and find the method that
works best for you.
Not many of us know this, but birth control can be very risky when you don't know much about
your body. What most of us do know are the general benefits which include acne reduction, period
regulation, and easing menstrual cramps. A review on U.S. News & World Report on August 7,
2006, featuring Christine Larson, 31 trials and 12,579 women, looked at the the effect of birth
control and facial acne and found that some oral contraceptives were effective in reducing acne. It
was also was established that 750,000–800,000 teenage women in the U.S. experience pregnancy
and that over 200,000 are
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Controversial Topics In American History
Race is a topic that has been a part of American history since the beginning of the colonized
America. This country has always struggled with the idea of people with different ethnicities and
what that means for the society in which both live in. These differences have caused a lot of
animosity in the country and changes had to be made. The country has changed and adapted to
overcome obstacles once ethic discoveries were made. However, the road has been long and hard
for many individuals who have faced decimation and persecution. Many key events have taken
place in history since 1877 for the African Americans to have the rights they do today but three
stand out and those are Plessy v. Ferguson, the Civil Right Act, and the New Jim Crow laws
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Persuasive Speech Against Abortion
The first right in the US Constitution is the right to life, yet our country has decided it's okay for
us to rob certain citizens of this right. It has become legal for us to kill them when they cannot
defend themselves physically or in a legal sense. Just because a baby is not yet born does not make
them any less of a living, human being. In this speech, I'm going to share with you the reasons I
believe abortion should be made illegal in our country today.
In the United States alone, there are over one million abortions performed every year. This means
that nearly one in four pregnancies end in abortion, and one in three women have had an abortion by
the time they turn forty five. As these women decided to have an abortion to end the life of their
unborn child, they selfishly chose their own comfort over someone else's own life. The truth is,
every abortion ends the life of an innocent human being.
Every new life begins at conception, it's an irrefutable fact of biology for both animals and humans,
and we can't argue with that. Personhood is properly defined by...show more content...
This includes killing or hunting, trapping, kidnapping, selling, or tampering with their nest or
eggs. As our country's national symbol, the bald eagle is an important part of our culture and
heritage. It makes sense for us to protect these birds from the harm we can prevent. However,
when you think about what rights these birds have, we protect these animals more than we protect
our own human kind. It's illegal, and you can get in big trouble with the law for tampering with a
bald eagle egg, whether you kill the unborn eagle or not. However, you can kill an unborn human
being without anyone even batting an eye. There are so many things morally wrong with that
picture. The Bible tells us that we are of more value than a whole flock of sparrows, so why should
our country give more rights and protection to a bird than a human
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Controversial Topics On Abortion
Abortion has and always will be one of those controversial topics to write about. Many of people
believe it is as inhumane as you can get while others consider it to be along lines of murder. By
definition, abortion is "the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed
during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy." The people that believe in the "Pro–life" side of things do
not agree with the idea of abortion and believe it should be illegal. People that strive make abortion
illegal could possibly succeed but will never actually stop the practice; they would only cause it to
be done by people in ways that could harm themselves. There is roughly about 20 million women
each year that preform some sort of an unsafe form of abortion;
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Vaccination Is A Controversial Topic
Illnesses and diseases continues to develop and spread constantly throughout the world. These
harmful viruses have always had a huge impact on humanity. It has caused many death and
outbreaks in the past and present because it can be passed on easily. Luckily today there are
medication to prevent the spread of these viruses, known as vaccines. Vaccines are antibiotics used
to provide immunity against diseases. Once vaccines were introduced there were a lot of
speculations and assumptions. There are many people who are for and against vaccines, but today
there are many health professional, experts, doctors, and parents who believes that vaccination is a
life saver. Vaccination is a controversial topic for many parents and guardians of...show more
content...
The number of children born each year can have an enormous impact on society, there can be a
massive epidemic. People do not want their child to be exposed to these deadly infectious disease,
especially if they are preventable. The consequences of not vaccinating a child can have serious
effects on them as well as the people around them. The virus will continue to grow and spread if
vaccination is reducing in children. People who decide to stop vaccinating their child can easily
cause an impact on society. Not only do parents jeopardize their own child health but they are also
putting other children at risk, especially children that cannot be vaccinated. Children that cannot
receive vaccination is because of allergies in the medication, so they rely on others who are
vaccinated. Because of the lack of vaccination there were multiple outbreaks, "In 2014 there was a
massive measles outbreak in the United States, 668 cases reported by 27 states" (Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention 1). Measles is an easily contagious disease and can be passed on
from one person to another. The death percentage it has on people is provided by Public Medical
Heath: "Each year measles causes more than half a million deaths and is
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The Controversial Issue Of Vaccines
Vaccines, a topic that remains a debated and contentious issue not only in the media but also in
the homes of many, which is partly as a result of the comments made in the recent Republican
primary debate in regards to this issue. Both Donald Trump and Ben Carson expressed their
concern about the problematic vaccines schedules that are currently in place in the U.S. Today,
children are required to get an average of thirty vaccines by the age of eighteen and fourteen of
them before the age of two, where as years ago it was only about ten throughout childhood.
Thankfully, since this is such a high amount no doctor is allowed, said by the CDC in 1983, to
give a child more than four shots at a time. Dr. Ben Carson, a pediatric neurosurgeon, states, "It is
true that we are probably giving way too many [vaccinations] in too short a period of time. And a
lot of pediatricians now recognize that, and, I think, are cutting down on the number and the
proximity in which [they] are done" (Carson, CNN). Donald Trump backs Dr. Carson in his concern
as Trump agrees that spreading the vaccine schedule out will lower concern and possibly even side
effects that put parents in fear for vaccines. It's clearly a matter of public concern.
In response to the public's questioning and challenging current vaccination standards, some
physicians have begun to question the logic behind the current schedules and have even
implemented their own ideas as a result. Dr. Robert Sears, a pediatrician, created
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Controversial Issue Of Abortion Essay
Abortion: America's Most Controversial Issue
If abortion is murder, then abortionists are mass murderers, and they must be stopped (qtd in Herda
96). With an issue like abortion, it is hard to decide which side is right or wrong. Although abortion
has been an American reality since the 1800's, the legitimacy of legal abortion remains extremely
controversial to this day. Abortion is the complete termination of pregnancy before the fetus is
born. Abortion can be done multiple ways, such as receiving surgery or taking a pill orally. The
drug used during the process of abortion is called mifepristone, which blocks a hormone called
progesterone. Progesterone is needed for the pregnancy to continue (Abortion).The abortion pill is
taken orally...show more content...
The controversy of abortion has been going on for what seems like millions of years. It all began at
the start of the Roe v. Wadecourt decision. According to many, a woman is guaranteed her right to
an abortion by her constitutional right. The eighth amendment forbids cruel and unusual
punishment, but the fifth amendment protects a person from self–incrimination (Herda 31 and 32).
I personally think, and I think the state's position will be and is, that the right of the child to life is
superior to that woman's right to privacy (qtd in Herda 47). Many people believe that abortion is
considered murder, so stating that, the doctors who perform abortion are mass murders. When Bill
Clinton was the president of the United States, he encouraged pro–choice forces by lifting the "gag
rule", which prevented federal funding to abortion clinics (Herda 95). Many people have their pros
and cons to their side of abortion, whether to be pro–choice or pro–life. Women would not have to
suffer the trauma, fears or humiliation of pregnancy. All eyes were on Texas, one of the most
restrictive states for abortion laws, as the United States Supreme court struck down some of those
limits last month (Schorsch). The Roe v. Wade court case was taking place in Texas, and a few
months later, the court made their final
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Abortion
Introduction
Abortion is a very controversial issue with having no ground of common agreement with two polar
opposite viewpoints. Abortion is–the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often
performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy (dictionary.com). Abortion was legalized in 1973
because of the court case Roe v Wade, she challenged the texas laws of abortion, her life was
endangered if the pregnancy would be continued she won the court case making it legal for Roe, a
group took the case to the supreme court and made abortion legal for everyone(procon.org).The two
contrasting perspectives i'm addressing are for abortion these people are for the women making the
choice and for planned parenthood, and against abortion, not killing innocent human beings because
of inconvenience to us.
Choices
Women need to have the choice about abortion, it's no ones choice but the women who are facing
the question.The women can choose what she want with her life. She can have control to shape her
future as well as her body. Pregnancy should be planned and taken into consideration, therefor
pregnancies take planning and preparation, no baby should come into the world unwanted
(procon.org). Embryos and fetuses are not independent, self–determining beings, abortion is the
termination of a pregnancy, not a baby.
Termination
Unwanted pregnancy should be able to be terminated for any reason, rape, insect, endangerment to
health if pregnancy is continued or
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The Vaccine Controversy Essay examples
The Vaccine Controversy
Janira Sanchez
Intro to Biology
Professor Martin
July 22, 2010
The Vaccine Controversy
The vaccine controversy is the dispute over the morality, ethics, effectiveness, and /or safety of
vaccinations. The medical and scientific evidence is that the benefits of preventing suffering and
death from infectious diseases outweigh rare adverse effects of immunization. Since vaccination
began in the late 18th century, opponents have claimed that vaccines do not work, that they are or
may be dangerous, that individuals should rely on personal hygiene instead, or that mandatory
vaccinations violate individual rights or religious principles. And since then, successful campaigns
against vaccinations have...show more content...
Other critics argue that immunity given by vaccines is only temporarily and requires boosters,
whereas those who survive the disease become permanently immune. Lack of complete vaccine
coverage increases the risk of disease for the entire population, including those who have been
vaccinated, because it reduces herd immunity. For example, measles targets children between the
ages of 9 and 12 months, and the short window between the disappearance of maternal antibody
(before which the vaccine often fails to seroconvert) and natural infection means that vaccinated
children frequently are still vulnerable. Herd immunity lessens this vulnerability, if all the children
are vaccinated. Increasing herd immunity during an outbreak or threatened outbreak is the most
widely accepted justification for mass vaccination. Mass vaccination also helps to increase coverage
rapidly, thus obtaining herd immunity, when a new vaccine is introduced. Commonly used vaccines
are a cost – effective and preventive way of promoting good health, compared to the cost of
treatment of acute or chronic diseases. In the U.S. during the year 2001, routine childhood
immunizations against seven diseases were estimated to save over $40 billion per year, overall
social costs including $10 billion in direct health costs, and the societal benefit – cost ratio for these
vaccinations was
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Pros and Cons of Controversy
1.93% of higher education faculty believe critical thinking is an essential learning outcome.
A 2005 report by the Association of American Colleges and Universities demonstrated the need for
efforts to promote critical thinking by highlighting the disparity between the 93% of higher
education faculty that perceive critical thinking to be an essential learning outcome and the 6% of
undergraduate seniors that actually demonstrated critical thinking proficiency.
Source: Ian J. Quitadamo and Martha J. Kurts, "Learning to Improve: Using Writing to Increase
Critical Thinking Performance in General Education Biology," CBE Life Sciences Education, Feb.
2007.
2.Critical thinking is considered the second most important life skill after...show more content...
2013
7.Teaching controversial topics helps students develop non–violent strategies for dealing with
conflict.
A 2008 case study of social studies teachers concluded that: "Teaching controversial issues allows
students to question and to express their fears in the safety of the classroom, and provides
opportunities to develop their social skills such as learning how to listen to one another, to deal with
difficult topics, and to handle their anger and frustrations without resorting to violence. Importantly,
it is not about teaching students to avoid conflict, because conflict and controversy are part of
human relationships, but rather where schools provide neutral grounds for rational discourse and
objective study."
Source: P. Reitano, C. Kivunja, and K. Porter, "Teaching Controversial Issues In Schools to Prepare
Children for a Sustainable Global Village," Australian Association for Research Education website,
2008
8.Controversial issue assignments increase critical thinking skills and appreciation of cultural
diversity.
A 2003 evaluation of students given a controversial issue assignment found that:
98.25% "agreed, strongly agreed, or very strongly agreed" that "they were more sensitive to the
concerns of people from diverse populations" after completion of a controversial issue assignment. 9
6.4% "agreed, strongly agreed, or very strongly agreed" that "their knowledge about a population
other than their own" had increased.
94.7%
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Animal Testing : A Controversial Topic
Abdul Faytrouni
Prof. Greer
PHIL 76
23 July 2015
Animal Testing Fatima walks into the cosmetic section of Macy's and is interested in buying some
acne skin care products. As she was paying for them, she notices plenty of harmful side effects the
acne products contained. Fatima is glad she is aware of these symptoms and knows that these side
effects are rare and that the product is almost completely safe to use. If it was not for animal testing
that is currently being used in some laboratories, these side effects would have been discovered
on people and that would create an unsafe environment. Less people would want to buy care
products and medicine since it would be viewed as a risk instead of something helpful. Animal
testing is becoming a more controversial topic, despite its many successes over the years. Since
people have various misconceptions about it, such as it being an unsafe and cruel technique, it has
become a more unpopular method. However, the benefits of animal research and testing have been
less spread due to negative media attention, which created a bias among the public. Animal testing is
a practice that has proved to be beneficial and should be continued because of the close similarity
between humans and animals, the many lifesaving cures that it contributed to, and the regulation of
the practice that makes it safe and humane for animals. One of the biggest reasons why animals are
used in laboratories is because they are very similar to human beings. In
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Abortion: The Monsters In Our Society
The monsters in our society are abortion pro choice. How can anyone kill a helpless baby? This
baby hasn't even had a chance to experience life. That baby could grow up and do great things in
his or her lifetime. These people need to take responsibility for their actions. If they think their
responsible enough to have intercourse you have to accept the
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Controversy Topic Topics
Selecting the Topic refers to what is your speech about. The topic is what you want to speak about.
Use this checklist to get an idea of your topic. Mark whether or not your topic has the characteristic
presented. Remember this checklist is for you to get an idea of how is your topic in order to make
it attractive to your audience. This topic checklist is to help you to develop it more effectively.
Topic:
Ask yourself...YesNo
Do you think your topic will appeal to the audience?
Do you think your topic will match your audience?
Do you think your topic will match your speech circumstances?
Does your topic relate to your personal interests?
Is your topic about important current events?
Is your topic about important controversial issues?...show more content...
Is your topic significant, not trivial?
Is your topic original?
If you topic is overused, can you present it in a fresh way?
Is your topic narrowed enough to be handled in the time of your presentation?
If you answered YES to all questions, probably your topic is appropriate to present it in a public
speech. If you answered NO to one or more questions, think about changing your topic to make it
appropriate for those areas your answers were
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Abortion: A Controversial Debatable Topic Essay
Abortions have long been a controversial and debatable topic. Politicians and religious groups, and
most individuals have a strong opinion or view regarding the topic. Society has two very different
views regarding abortions. Those that oppose abortions for various reasons are considered pro–life,
while those that believe abortion is a woman's choice are considered pro–choice. The arguments that
each side believes are considerably very different and often cause outrage or extreme emotional
responses. Viewpoints that each side attempt to persuade others vary from religious, morals or
values, personal experience, and rights. Today, abortions are still a controversial, which prevent
people from seeing eye–to–eye and continue to be a...show more content...
In order to form an opinion for either side, questions must be answered. One of the first questions
one must ask is, when "life" begins. Advancement in technology, such as ultrasounds, fetal therapy
and amniocentesis graphically reveal complex life before birth, including a heartbeat as potential
life. Scientists have identified the first moments of human life as the instant when a sperm cell unites
with an ovum or egg cell. There are billions of cells, body cells, which collectively make up a
human being. Unless these cells are manipulated, the body cells remain what they appear to be
such as skin, hair, bone, muscle, and organs. According to science, the cells will continue to
"live" and are "alive," until it dies. There are also other rare cells known as germ cells, which have
the power to transform into other kind of human cells. In order to create a fetus the sex cells (male
sperm) and the female eggs must combine. It is only when combined, that these cells create a fetus
(life by definition of pro–life supporters). The period for completion occurs within twelve hours, at
which time the egg is fertilized and becomes known as a "zygote," containing the full set of
forty–six chromosomes required to create a new human life. Pro–life supports argue that this is the
point of which life begins and should be respected with the same laws that apply anyone in our
country, whether in the womb or outside.
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Thesis Statement For Police Brutality
Sentence Outline
Thesis Statement: While some citizens argue that police officers are doing their job, is police
violence more prevalent, because of social media dramatization, lack of proper tactical training, or is
it the vigilante attitude that makes the officers' feel above the law?
I. Police violence more prevalent because of social media dramatization
A. Police Brutality raises social media shock waves
1. If it wasn't for social media the truth of these cases would not be seen and once again silenced by
a bias police report. ("Police brutality raises social media shock waves.")
2. An officer puts his boot on 17–year–old Marcel Hamer and then punches him knocking him out.
Also, 43–year–old Erick Garner, who was choked to death as officers were subduing him. No one,
out of all the officers gave CPR to this gentleman; after all he is a human. ("Police brutality raises
social...show more content...
"Santana said he turned over the video after reading the police report and hearing about it on the
news. "It wasn't like that, the way they were saying," Santana said on MSNBC. "I said, 'No ... this is
not what happened.'" (Helsel, Phil. "Bystander Who Recorded Walter Scott Shooting Speaks Out.")
II. Lack of proper tactical training
A. This is one example of lack of proper tactical training. Sandy Bland was arrested after the police
officer speed up behind and tailing her vehicle. She proceeds to change lanes to get out of the
officer way when she forgot to turn her signal on. Then she was pulled over by Officer Brian Encinia.
1. She was told by the officer to put out her cigarette when she refused the officer told her to step
out of the car and produced to escalate the situation by yelling and at a point even pointing out his
taser at her for her to get out of the vehicle. Sandy keeps insisting that it was her car and she had
the right to smoke. Also, that she didn't had to get out of the car because she wasn't being arrested.
(Wysocki, Aaron. "New Sandy Bland Dash Cam Footage
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Abortion : A Controversial Issue
Abortion is a very controversial issue. To first start out abortion is the deliberate termination of a
woman's pregnancy, most often performed within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. People can either
be pro–choice or pro–life for abortion. Being pro–choice means that people believe that it is a
woman's choice to get an abortion if they want one. Pro–life means people believe no matter what if
a woman is pregnant they should have the baby; no abortion. I intent to explain why women who get
pregnant should have the right to get an abortion, if they so choose to.
Abortion has had a very long history. Women were getting abortions before they were even legal.
Abortions in 1800's weren't as safe, but women were still getting them. Abortion was illegal in the
United States, but certain states made abortion legal, to save the health of the mother. The laws for
abortion depending on the state, which each state had different. In 1970 Alaska, Hawaii, New
York, and Washington liberalize abortion laws. Which made abortion available at the request of a
woman and her doctor. But now in 2015 all states allow abortions but each state has different laws
on it. Example in Ohio to have an abortion it has to be by a licensed physician, public funds limited
to life endangerment, rape, and incest, and parental involvement required for minors, parents must
give consent. That's only some of the laws, but in other states they are a lot more stick.
Woman have the right to an abortion if they so
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Embryonic Stem Cell Debate"TITLE"Stem Cell Research Controversy Explained" TITLE"History and Arguments of the Stem Cell Debate"TITLE"Overview of the Ongoing Stem Cell Research Debate"TITLE"Embryonic Stem Cells: Understanding the Political Controversy

  • 1. Embryonic Stem Cell Controversy The controversy over stem cell research's use in the medical field is almost two decades old. So why the sudden intense return of fierce political debates over an old issue? It's because President Obama recently revoked the ban on stem cell research, as he believes it holds the potential to revolutionize the medical industry in the years to come. As USA Today quoted him saying in March, after he stopped restricting federal funding for stem cell research, "At this moment, the full promise of stem cell research remains unknown and should not be overstated. Scientists believe these tiny cells may have the potential to help us understand, and possibly cure, some of our most devastating diseases and conditions." The body's master cells are...show more content... ... the embryo would have been thrown away at an abortion clinic anyway. Now, given the choice of completely wasting the life or using it in order to further research, I'd pick research." (http:/ /www.juniorpolitics.com/) The fertility clinics, however, appear to be stem cell research advocates' favorite reference on how their work is ethical and humane in comparison. According to Michael Kinsley, Time Magazine reporter, "Embryonic stem–cell studies are controversial because they involve the destruction of human embryos. However, fertility clinics destroy far more human embryos than stem–cell research ever would, yet they are not controversial." (http://www.time.com) Pro–stem cell research scientists have found that citing fertility clinics as a similar field severely lessens the educated opposition against their work. This is because most pro–life advocates and mainstream Christians are advocates for the use of fertility clinics to help struggling couples get pregnant. They view fertility clinics as a place to help create life, not take it. In this, I speak from personal experience, as many of my Christian friends and relatives have been in and out of fertility clinics throughout the years, attempting to procreate a being to love, raise, and care for. In short, the debate boils down to the ancient debate of whether or not a fetus or human embryo is a life or not. Pro–life advocates say that human fetuses are absolutely, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Persuasive Essay On Animal Cruelty Animal Cruelty Paul McCartney once said, "if slaughterhouses had glass walls, we would all be vegetarian." There are many different forms of animal cruelty, ranging from labs, to farms, to even circuses. People have been using animals for a long time, they have controlled them for even longer. But despite that, there have still been some positive outcomes from this otherwise dark subject. Some people support the things that are happening to these animals. But others make it their mission to stand up for the animals that are mistreated everyday. Animal cruelty can mean many things to many different people, it can be a controversial topic, with many different sides and stories to it, it has a long history, much of it being good, much of it bad. There are more types of animal cruelty then one could even imagine. Many people do not consider that what they are eating, or wearing, or using, or enjoying came at the cost of an animal. According to Rachel Hajar, one form of animal cruelty that has been put into the spotlight in recent years is animal testing (Alternative to Animal Testing 39). Animals are brought into labs and spend their entire lives there being tortured, used, and experimented on. It's estimated that each year, more than 100 million animals are used for experimenting. They use all sorts of animals, including dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, monkeys, fish, and more. They are forced to live in cages, confined, and isolated. Another form of animal cruelty can be found Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Abortion : A Controversial Issue Abortion is a controversial issue in many countries all the time and there are always two sides of abortion. Pro–life supporters believe that abortion is immoral, so they argue that it should be illegal because an unborn baby is life. However, they do not figure out that woman who is on the inevitable situation such as infection, rape, or extreme poverty would still have the abortion even though the abortion is illegal. Many women die due to unsafe abortion, which is illegal and performed by uneducated people. Therefore, the abortion should be legal to protect the life of 'alive women' because women's life is equal to human's right. I would like to provide more affirmative bases to support abortion in this paper. Women have right to control their own bodies and decisions. As human free will, women can determine their decision for their future. It is sometimes inevitable to maintain their lifestyle that they have before they become pregnant. Although pregnant is the responsibility of both, woman and man, as a result of having sex, women should give up their career or study because pregnancy and childbirth are not as easy at all as just people generally think. Furthermore, women who have the abortion are in difficult condition, which is the unwanted. The Guttmacher institute research said that unintended or unplanned pregnancies were 41 percent of national pregnancies (Abortion Worldwide: A Decade of Uneven Progress). This high rate is from the unavoidable inability of Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Chelsea Maldonado November 17, 2014 PHIL 1304–010 Religion is a very controversial topic around the world. While the term seems complex, when actually broken down, the main religions have one simple concept in common; religion is here for comfort, it serves as a rule book to human behavior on earth so people can have comfort in the thought of death. When getting to know an individual it is important to know what their beliefs are. A lot of the qualities they possess will come from their up–bringing, culture and personal opinions however, around the world most of these beliefs come straight from one's religious beliefs. In most places religion is the culture, opinions and guideline to up–bringing. Religion teaches people how to live their lives while giving people something to live for, something to attain or an end goal. The world is diverse, there are 4,200 different religions. As we've seen in history, not understanding the various beliefs and practices can create extreme separation and violence between religious groups. It is important to gain knowledge about the common goal that religions share because once that is established it becomes easier to accept and understand the person. In particular, Buddhism, is more than just a religion. Buddhism, to its followers, is the way of life, or philosophy. Not understanding their religion is not understanding their life at all. Buddhism goes beyond meditation, practices and rituals, it is how a Buddhist lives, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Informative Speech On Birth Control Who in here has heard of or even know what the term birth control is? According to medicinenet.com, birth control is the use of any practices, methods, or devices to prevent pregnancy from occuring in sexually active women. Today, I will be talking about a couple of methods of birth control which include: the pill, the patch, and the implant. Another method I will be talking to you about isn't always considered a form of birth control, but it actually is; condoms. My goal today is to not only inform you of the many birth controls but to also encourage you to look at the pros and the cons of every method if you are using contraception. Birth control is a very broad topic with many alternatives which can impact your lifestyle in many ways, therefore you should consider these alternatives before applying any form of contraceptive into your body and find the method that works best for you. Not many of us know this, but birth control can be very risky when you don't know much about your body. What most of us do know are the general benefits which include acne reduction, period regulation, and easing menstrual cramps. A review on U.S. News & World Report on August 7, 2006, featuring Christine Larson, 31 trials and 12,579 women, looked at the the effect of birth control and facial acne and found that some oral contraceptives were effective in reducing acne. It was also was established that 750,000–800,000 teenage women in the U.S. experience pregnancy and that over 200,000 are Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Controversial Topics In American History Race is a topic that has been a part of American history since the beginning of the colonized America. This country has always struggled with the idea of people with different ethnicities and what that means for the society in which both live in. These differences have caused a lot of animosity in the country and changes had to be made. The country has changed and adapted to overcome obstacles once ethic discoveries were made. However, the road has been long and hard for many individuals who have faced decimation and persecution. Many key events have taken place in history since 1877 for the African Americans to have the rights they do today but three stand out and those are Plessy v. Ferguson, the Civil Right Act, and the New Jim Crow laws Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Persuasive Speech Against Abortion The first right in the US Constitution is the right to life, yet our country has decided it's okay for us to rob certain citizens of this right. It has become legal for us to kill them when they cannot defend themselves physically or in a legal sense. Just because a baby is not yet born does not make them any less of a living, human being. In this speech, I'm going to share with you the reasons I believe abortion should be made illegal in our country today. In the United States alone, there are over one million abortions performed every year. This means that nearly one in four pregnancies end in abortion, and one in three women have had an abortion by the time they turn forty five. As these women decided to have an abortion to end the life of their unborn child, they selfishly chose their own comfort over someone else's own life. The truth is, every abortion ends the life of an innocent human being. Every new life begins at conception, it's an irrefutable fact of biology for both animals and humans, and we can't argue with that. Personhood is properly defined by...show more content... This includes killing or hunting, trapping, kidnapping, selling, or tampering with their nest or eggs. As our country's national symbol, the bald eagle is an important part of our culture and heritage. It makes sense for us to protect these birds from the harm we can prevent. However, when you think about what rights these birds have, we protect these animals more than we protect our own human kind. It's illegal, and you can get in big trouble with the law for tampering with a bald eagle egg, whether you kill the unborn eagle or not. However, you can kill an unborn human being without anyone even batting an eye. There are so many things morally wrong with that picture. The Bible tells us that we are of more value than a whole flock of sparrows, so why should our country give more rights and protection to a bird than a human Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Controversial Topics On Abortion Abortion has and always will be one of those controversial topics to write about. Many of people believe it is as inhumane as you can get while others consider it to be along lines of murder. By definition, abortion is "the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy." The people that believe in the "Pro–life" side of things do not agree with the idea of abortion and believe it should be illegal. People that strive make abortion illegal could possibly succeed but will never actually stop the practice; they would only cause it to be done by people in ways that could harm themselves. There is roughly about 20 million women each year that preform some sort of an unsafe form of abortion; Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Vaccination Is A Controversial Topic Illnesses and diseases continues to develop and spread constantly throughout the world. These harmful viruses have always had a huge impact on humanity. It has caused many death and outbreaks in the past and present because it can be passed on easily. Luckily today there are medication to prevent the spread of these viruses, known as vaccines. Vaccines are antibiotics used to provide immunity against diseases. Once vaccines were introduced there were a lot of speculations and assumptions. There are many people who are for and against vaccines, but today there are many health professional, experts, doctors, and parents who believes that vaccination is a life saver. Vaccination is a controversial topic for many parents and guardians of...show more content... The number of children born each year can have an enormous impact on society, there can be a massive epidemic. People do not want their child to be exposed to these deadly infectious disease, especially if they are preventable. The consequences of not vaccinating a child can have serious effects on them as well as the people around them. The virus will continue to grow and spread if vaccination is reducing in children. People who decide to stop vaccinating their child can easily cause an impact on society. Not only do parents jeopardize their own child health but they are also putting other children at risk, especially children that cannot be vaccinated. Children that cannot receive vaccination is because of allergies in the medication, so they rely on others who are vaccinated. Because of the lack of vaccination there were multiple outbreaks, "In 2014 there was a massive measles outbreak in the United States, 668 cases reported by 27 states" (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1). Measles is an easily contagious disease and can be passed on from one person to another. The death percentage it has on people is provided by Public Medical Heath: "Each year measles causes more than half a million deaths and is Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. The Controversial Issue Of Vaccines Vaccines, a topic that remains a debated and contentious issue not only in the media but also in the homes of many, which is partly as a result of the comments made in the recent Republican primary debate in regards to this issue. Both Donald Trump and Ben Carson expressed their concern about the problematic vaccines schedules that are currently in place in the U.S. Today, children are required to get an average of thirty vaccines by the age of eighteen and fourteen of them before the age of two, where as years ago it was only about ten throughout childhood. Thankfully, since this is such a high amount no doctor is allowed, said by the CDC in 1983, to give a child more than four shots at a time. Dr. Ben Carson, a pediatric neurosurgeon, states, "It is true that we are probably giving way too many [vaccinations] in too short a period of time. And a lot of pediatricians now recognize that, and, I think, are cutting down on the number and the proximity in which [they] are done" (Carson, CNN). Donald Trump backs Dr. Carson in his concern as Trump agrees that spreading the vaccine schedule out will lower concern and possibly even side effects that put parents in fear for vaccines. It's clearly a matter of public concern. In response to the public's questioning and challenging current vaccination standards, some physicians have begun to question the logic behind the current schedules and have even implemented their own ideas as a result. Dr. Robert Sears, a pediatrician, created Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Controversial Issue Of Abortion Essay Abortion: America's Most Controversial Issue If abortion is murder, then abortionists are mass murderers, and they must be stopped (qtd in Herda 96). With an issue like abortion, it is hard to decide which side is right or wrong. Although abortion has been an American reality since the 1800's, the legitimacy of legal abortion remains extremely controversial to this day. Abortion is the complete termination of pregnancy before the fetus is born. Abortion can be done multiple ways, such as receiving surgery or taking a pill orally. The drug used during the process of abortion is called mifepristone, which blocks a hormone called progesterone. Progesterone is needed for the pregnancy to continue (Abortion).The abortion pill is taken orally...show more content... The controversy of abortion has been going on for what seems like millions of years. It all began at the start of the Roe v. Wadecourt decision. According to many, a woman is guaranteed her right to an abortion by her constitutional right. The eighth amendment forbids cruel and unusual punishment, but the fifth amendment protects a person from self–incrimination (Herda 31 and 32). I personally think, and I think the state's position will be and is, that the right of the child to life is superior to that woman's right to privacy (qtd in Herda 47). Many people believe that abortion is considered murder, so stating that, the doctors who perform abortion are mass murders. When Bill Clinton was the president of the United States, he encouraged pro–choice forces by lifting the "gag rule", which prevented federal funding to abortion clinics (Herda 95). Many people have their pros and cons to their side of abortion, whether to be pro–choice or pro–life. Women would not have to suffer the trauma, fears or humiliation of pregnancy. All eyes were on Texas, one of the most restrictive states for abortion laws, as the United States Supreme court struck down some of those limits last month (Schorsch). The Roe v. Wade court case was taking place in Texas, and a few months later, the court made their final Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Abortion Introduction Abortion is a very controversial issue with having no ground of common agreement with two polar opposite viewpoints. Abortion is–the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy (dictionary.com). Abortion was legalized in 1973 because of the court case Roe v Wade, she challenged the texas laws of abortion, her life was endangered if the pregnancy would be continued she won the court case making it legal for Roe, a group took the case to the supreme court and made abortion legal for everyone(procon.org).The two contrasting perspectives i'm addressing are for abortion these people are for the women making the choice and for planned parenthood, and against abortion, not killing innocent human beings because of inconvenience to us. Choices Women need to have the choice about abortion, it's no ones choice but the women who are facing the question.The women can choose what she want with her life. She can have control to shape her future as well as her body. Pregnancy should be planned and taken into consideration, therefor pregnancies take planning and preparation, no baby should come into the world unwanted (procon.org). Embryos and fetuses are not independent, self–determining beings, abortion is the termination of a pregnancy, not a baby. Termination Unwanted pregnancy should be able to be terminated for any reason, rape, insect, endangerment to health if pregnancy is continued or Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. The Vaccine Controversy Essay examples The Vaccine Controversy Janira Sanchez Intro to Biology Professor Martin July 22, 2010 The Vaccine Controversy The vaccine controversy is the dispute over the morality, ethics, effectiveness, and /or safety of vaccinations. The medical and scientific evidence is that the benefits of preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases outweigh rare adverse effects of immunization. Since vaccination began in the late 18th century, opponents have claimed that vaccines do not work, that they are or may be dangerous, that individuals should rely on personal hygiene instead, or that mandatory vaccinations violate individual rights or religious principles. And since then, successful campaigns against vaccinations have...show more content... Other critics argue that immunity given by vaccines is only temporarily and requires boosters, whereas those who survive the disease become permanently immune. Lack of complete vaccine coverage increases the risk of disease for the entire population, including those who have been vaccinated, because it reduces herd immunity. For example, measles targets children between the ages of 9 and 12 months, and the short window between the disappearance of maternal antibody (before which the vaccine often fails to seroconvert) and natural infection means that vaccinated children frequently are still vulnerable. Herd immunity lessens this vulnerability, if all the children are vaccinated. Increasing herd immunity during an outbreak or threatened outbreak is the most widely accepted justification for mass vaccination. Mass vaccination also helps to increase coverage rapidly, thus obtaining herd immunity, when a new vaccine is introduced. Commonly used vaccines are a cost – effective and preventive way of promoting good health, compared to the cost of treatment of acute or chronic diseases. In the U.S. during the year 2001, routine childhood immunizations against seven diseases were estimated to save over $40 billion per year, overall social costs including $10 billion in direct health costs, and the societal benefit – cost ratio for these vaccinations was Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Pros and Cons of Controversy 1.93% of higher education faculty believe critical thinking is an essential learning outcome. A 2005 report by the Association of American Colleges and Universities demonstrated the need for efforts to promote critical thinking by highlighting the disparity between the 93% of higher education faculty that perceive critical thinking to be an essential learning outcome and the 6% of undergraduate seniors that actually demonstrated critical thinking proficiency. Source: Ian J. Quitadamo and Martha J. Kurts, "Learning to Improve: Using Writing to Increase Critical Thinking Performance in General Education Biology," CBE Life Sciences Education, Feb. 2007. 2.Critical thinking is considered the second most important life skill after...show more content... 2013 7.Teaching controversial topics helps students develop non–violent strategies for dealing with conflict. A 2008 case study of social studies teachers concluded that: "Teaching controversial issues allows students to question and to express their fears in the safety of the classroom, and provides opportunities to develop their social skills such as learning how to listen to one another, to deal with difficult topics, and to handle their anger and frustrations without resorting to violence. Importantly, it is not about teaching students to avoid conflict, because conflict and controversy are part of human relationships, but rather where schools provide neutral grounds for rational discourse and objective study." Source: P. Reitano, C. Kivunja, and K. Porter, "Teaching Controversial Issues In Schools to Prepare Children for a Sustainable Global Village," Australian Association for Research Education website, 2008 8.Controversial issue assignments increase critical thinking skills and appreciation of cultural diversity. A 2003 evaluation of students given a controversial issue assignment found that: 98.25% "agreed, strongly agreed, or very strongly agreed" that "they were more sensitive to the concerns of people from diverse populations" after completion of a controversial issue assignment. 9 6.4% "agreed, strongly agreed, or very strongly agreed" that "their knowledge about a population other than their own" had increased.
  • 15. 94.7% Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Animal Testing : A Controversial Topic Abdul Faytrouni Prof. Greer PHIL 76 23 July 2015 Animal Testing Fatima walks into the cosmetic section of Macy's and is interested in buying some acne skin care products. As she was paying for them, she notices plenty of harmful side effects the acne products contained. Fatima is glad she is aware of these symptoms and knows that these side effects are rare and that the product is almost completely safe to use. If it was not for animal testing that is currently being used in some laboratories, these side effects would have been discovered on people and that would create an unsafe environment. Less people would want to buy care products and medicine since it would be viewed as a risk instead of something helpful. Animal testing is becoming a more controversial topic, despite its many successes over the years. Since people have various misconceptions about it, such as it being an unsafe and cruel technique, it has become a more unpopular method. However, the benefits of animal research and testing have been less spread due to negative media attention, which created a bias among the public. Animal testing is a practice that has proved to be beneficial and should be continued because of the close similarity between humans and animals, the many lifesaving cures that it contributed to, and the regulation of the practice that makes it safe and humane for animals. One of the biggest reasons why animals are used in laboratories is because they are very similar to human beings. In Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Abortion: The Monsters In Our Society The monsters in our society are abortion pro choice. How can anyone kill a helpless baby? This baby hasn't even had a chance to experience life. That baby could grow up and do great things in his or her lifetime. These people need to take responsibility for their actions. If they think their responsible enough to have intercourse you have to accept the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Controversy Topic Topics Selecting the Topic refers to what is your speech about. The topic is what you want to speak about. Use this checklist to get an idea of your topic. Mark whether or not your topic has the characteristic presented. Remember this checklist is for you to get an idea of how is your topic in order to make it attractive to your audience. This topic checklist is to help you to develop it more effectively. Topic: Ask yourself...YesNo Do you think your topic will appeal to the audience? Do you think your topic will match your audience? Do you think your topic will match your speech circumstances? Does your topic relate to your personal interests? Is your topic about important current events? Is your topic about important controversial issues?...show more content... Is your topic significant, not trivial? Is your topic original? If you topic is overused, can you present it in a fresh way? Is your topic narrowed enough to be handled in the time of your presentation? If you answered YES to all questions, probably your topic is appropriate to present it in a public speech. If you answered NO to one or more questions, think about changing your topic to make it appropriate for those areas your answers were Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Abortion: A Controversial Debatable Topic Essay Abortions have long been a controversial and debatable topic. Politicians and religious groups, and most individuals have a strong opinion or view regarding the topic. Society has two very different views regarding abortions. Those that oppose abortions for various reasons are considered pro–life, while those that believe abortion is a woman's choice are considered pro–choice. The arguments that each side believes are considerably very different and often cause outrage or extreme emotional responses. Viewpoints that each side attempt to persuade others vary from religious, morals or values, personal experience, and rights. Today, abortions are still a controversial, which prevent people from seeing eye–to–eye and continue to be a...show more content... In order to form an opinion for either side, questions must be answered. One of the first questions one must ask is, when "life" begins. Advancement in technology, such as ultrasounds, fetal therapy and amniocentesis graphically reveal complex life before birth, including a heartbeat as potential life. Scientists have identified the first moments of human life as the instant when a sperm cell unites with an ovum or egg cell. There are billions of cells, body cells, which collectively make up a human being. Unless these cells are manipulated, the body cells remain what they appear to be such as skin, hair, bone, muscle, and organs. According to science, the cells will continue to "live" and are "alive," until it dies. There are also other rare cells known as germ cells, which have the power to transform into other kind of human cells. In order to create a fetus the sex cells (male sperm) and the female eggs must combine. It is only when combined, that these cells create a fetus (life by definition of pro–life supporters). The period for completion occurs within twelve hours, at which time the egg is fertilized and becomes known as a "zygote," containing the full set of forty–six chromosomes required to create a new human life. Pro–life supports argue that this is the point of which life begins and should be respected with the same laws that apply anyone in our country, whether in the womb or outside. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Thesis Statement For Police Brutality Sentence Outline Thesis Statement: While some citizens argue that police officers are doing their job, is police violence more prevalent, because of social media dramatization, lack of proper tactical training, or is it the vigilante attitude that makes the officers' feel above the law? I. Police violence more prevalent because of social media dramatization A. Police Brutality raises social media shock waves 1. If it wasn't for social media the truth of these cases would not be seen and once again silenced by a bias police report. ("Police brutality raises social media shock waves.") 2. An officer puts his boot on 17–year–old Marcel Hamer and then punches him knocking him out. Also, 43–year–old Erick Garner, who was choked to death as officers were subduing him. No one, out of all the officers gave CPR to this gentleman; after all he is a human. ("Police brutality raises social...show more content... "Santana said he turned over the video after reading the police report and hearing about it on the news. "It wasn't like that, the way they were saying," Santana said on MSNBC. "I said, 'No ... this is not what happened.'" (Helsel, Phil. "Bystander Who Recorded Walter Scott Shooting Speaks Out.") II. Lack of proper tactical training A. This is one example of lack of proper tactical training. Sandy Bland was arrested after the police officer speed up behind and tailing her vehicle. She proceeds to change lanes to get out of the officer way when she forgot to turn her signal on. Then she was pulled over by Officer Brian Encinia. 1. She was told by the officer to put out her cigarette when she refused the officer told her to step out of the car and produced to escalate the situation by yelling and at a point even pointing out his taser at her for her to get out of the vehicle. Sandy keeps insisting that it was her car and she had the right to smoke. Also, that she didn't had to get out of the car because she wasn't being arrested. (Wysocki, Aaron. "New Sandy Bland Dash Cam Footage Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 21. Abortion : A Controversial Issue Abortion is a very controversial issue. To first start out abortion is the deliberate termination of a woman's pregnancy, most often performed within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. People can either be pro–choice or pro–life for abortion. Being pro–choice means that people believe that it is a woman's choice to get an abortion if they want one. Pro–life means people believe no matter what if a woman is pregnant they should have the baby; no abortion. I intent to explain why women who get pregnant should have the right to get an abortion, if they so choose to. Abortion has had a very long history. Women were getting abortions before they were even legal. Abortions in 1800's weren't as safe, but women were still getting them. Abortion was illegal in the United States, but certain states made abortion legal, to save the health of the mother. The laws for abortion depending on the state, which each state had different. In 1970 Alaska, Hawaii, New York, and Washington liberalize abortion laws. Which made abortion available at the request of a woman and her doctor. But now in 2015 all states allow abortions but each state has different laws on it. Example in Ohio to have an abortion it has to be by a licensed physician, public funds limited to life endangerment, rape, and incest, and parental involvement required for minors, parents must give consent. That's only some of the laws, but in other states they are a lot more stick. Woman have the right to an abortion if they so Get more content on HelpWriting.net