1. FAMOUS
PAINTERS
17-20 centuries

2. SIR ANTHONY VAN DYCK
 Sir Anthony Van Dyck (1599-1641) is a Flemish portrait and religious
painter and etcher. In1618 he was received as a master in the artists’ guild, but
even before this he produced independent paintings in his studio. For a few
years he was the skilled assistant and close collaboration of Rubens. He was
also summoned to England by James I, whose portrait he painted. In his
portraits he conferred upon his sitters’ elegance, dignity, and refinement,
qualities pleasing to royalty and aristocracy. In Antwerp he painted his masterly
―Lamentation‖, his best portrait. The work of Van Dyck differs radically from
Rubens’ although it is similar in technique. The colour is much more
restrained, the form more refined, although his best work has an essential
vigor. Van Dyck produced a fine series of etched portraits known as the
―Iconography‖.

3. SIR ANTHONY VAN DYCK
Henrietta Maria and the dwarf, Charles I with M. de St Antoine
Sir Jeffrey Hudson, 1633 (1633)

4. WILLIAM HOGARTH
 William Hogarth (10.11.1697 – 26.10.1764) was an English painter, printmaker, pictorial
satirist, social critic and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with pioneering western sequential
art. His work ranged from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called "modern
moral subjects". Hogarth was also a popular portrait painter. In 1746 he painted actor David Garrick
as Richard III. In the same year a sketch of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, had an exceptional
success.Hogarth's truthful, vivid full-length portrait of his friend, the philanthropic Captain Coram
and his unfinished oil sketch of‖ The Shrimp Girl‖ may be called masterpieces of British painting.
―The Shrimp Girl‖ is an unsurpassed masterpiece, depicted in bright colours and quick brush strokes.
The image of a laughing, cheerful common girl is contrasted to the ugly world of vices and corruption.
In this portrait, the artist managed to capture the girl’s expression and the mood of the moment. Her
face and everything is young and fresh. Simple and real-life atmosphere, illuminated by youth, is
joyous and lovely. There are also portraits of his wife and his two sisters and of many other
people, among them Bishop Hoadly and Bishop Herring.

5. WILLIAM HOGARTH
The Shrimp Girl Marriage à-la-mode,
Shortly After the Marriage (scene two of six).

6. REMBRANDT VAN RIJN
 Rembrandt van Rijn (15.07.1606 – 04.10.1669) was a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally
considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in the European art history and the most important
in Dutch history. His contributions to art came in a period of great wealth and cultural achievement that
historians call the Dutch Golden Age when painting was extremely prolific and innovative. Having achieved
youthful success as a portrait painter, Rembrandt's later years were marked by personal tragedy and financial
hardships. Yet his etchings and paintings were popular throughout his lifetime, his reputation as an artist
remained high, and for twenty years he taught many important Dutch painters. Rembrandt's greatest
creative triumphs are exemplified especially in his portraits of his contemporaries, 100 self-portraits and
illustrations of scenes from the Bible. His self-portraits form a unique and intimate biography, in which the
artist surveyed himself without vanity and with the utmost sincerity. In his paintings and prints he exhibited
knowledge of classical iconography, which he molded to fit the requirements of his own experience;
thus, the depiction of a biblical scene was informed by Rembrandt's knowledge of the specific text, his
assimilation of classical composition, and his observations of Amsterdam's Jewish population. The
prodigious output of his lifetime is known to embrace more than 600 paintings, 300 etchings and nearly 2,000
drawings.

7. REMBRANDT VAN RIJN
The Risen Christ Appearing to Mary Magdalen The Return of the Prodigal Son The Storm on the Sea of Galilee

8. CLAUDE MONET
 Claude Monet (14.11.1840 – 05.12.1926) was one of the founders of French impressionist painting, and the
most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before
nature, especially as applied to plain-air landscape painting. The term Impressionism is derived from the title of his
painting ―Impression‖, ―Sunrise‖. These artists were called impressionists because they painted outdoors and
developed a sketchy ―impressionistic‖ style, trying to capture the changing effect of natural light. It’s better to
look at Monet’s pictures from a distance because his pictures are made of thousands of coloured dots, which merge
together and form the objects. In this way the artist expressed his impressions. Throughout his long career, Monet
consistently depicted the landscape and leisure activities of Paris and its environs as well as the Normandy coast.
He led the way to twentieth-century modernism by developing a unique style that strove to capture on canvas the
very act of perceiving nature. He was making several series of studies of the same object at different times of the
day or year: haystacks, morning views of the Seine, poplars, the Thames. Monet found subjects in his immediate
surroundings, as he painted the people and places he knew best. His first wife, Camille and his second
wife, Alice, frequently served as models. In the 1910s and '20s, Monet focused almost exclusively on the
picturesque water-lily pond that he created on his property at Giverny. In the last decade of his life, nearly
blind, Monet painted a group of large water lily murals ―Nympheas‖.

9. CLAUDE MONET
Impression, Sunrise Nympheas
Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies

10. VINCENT WILLEM VAN GOGH
 Vincent Willem van Gogh (30.03.1853 – 29.07.1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist
painter whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty and bold colour, had a
far-reaching influence on 20th-century art.
 Van Gogh began to draw as a child, and he continued to draw throughout the years that
led up to his decision to become an artist. He did not begin painting until his late twenties,
completing many of his best-known works during the last two years of his life. In just over a
decade, he produced more than 2,100 artworks, consisting of 860 oil paintings and more than
1,300 watercolors, drawings, sketches and prints. His work included self portraits, landscapes,
still lives of flowers, portraits and paintings of cypresses, wheat fields and sunflowers.
 Van Gogh was a prolific self-portraitist, who painted himself 37 times. Van Gogh, known
for his landscapes, seemed to find painting portraits his greatest ambition. He said of portrait
studies, "The only thing in painting that excites me to the depths of my soul, and which
makes me feel the infinite more than anything else." Tragically, Van Gogh died not knowing
the acclaim his art would receive. Today his legacy is immortal and he will be forever known
as one of the greatest artists of the modern era.

11. VINCENT WILLEM VAN GOGH
Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers
Wheat Field with Cypresses

12. JOHN CONSTABLE
 John Constable (11.06.1776 – 31.03.1837) was an English Romantic painter, known principally for
his landscape paintings of Dedham Vale, the area surrounding his home—now known as "Constable
Country".
 His most famous paintings include ―Dedham Vale‖ and ―The Hay Wain‖ which won gold medal.
Although his paintings are now among the most popular and valuable in British art, he was never
financially successful and did not become a member of the establishment until he was elected to the
Royal Academy at the age of 52. He sold more paintings in France than in his native England.
Constable painted many full-scale preliminary sketches of his landscapes in order to test the
composition in advance of finished pictures. These large sketches, with their free and vigorous
brushwork, were revolutionary at the time, and they continue to interest artists, scholars and the general
public. The oil sketches of ―The Leaping Horse ―and ―The Hay Wain‖, for example, convey a vigour
and expressiveness missing from Constable's finished paintings of the same subjects. Possibly more
than any other aspect of Constable's work, the oil sketches reveal him in retrospect to have been an
avant-garde painter, one who demonstrated that landscape painting could be taken in a totally new
direction.

13. JOHN CONSTABLE
The Hay Wain Dedham Vale Salisbury Cathedral

14. THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH
 Thomas Gainsborough (14.05.1727 – 02.08.1788) was an English portrait and landscape painter.
In 1769, he became a founding member of the Royal Academy, but his relationship with the
organization was thorny and he sometimes withdrew his work from exhibition. Gainsborough moved
to London in 1774, and painted portraits of the King and Queen, but the King was obliged to name
as royal painter Gainsborough's rival Joshua Reynolds. In his last years, Gainsborough painted
relatively simple landscapes and is credited as the originator of the 18th century British landscape
school. Gainsborough died of cancer. He painted quickly and his later pictures are characterized by
a light palette and easy strokes. He preferred landscapes to portraits. He painted all parts of his
pictures himself, an unusual practice for his day. He left a large collection of landscape drawings.
 Gainsborough was, with Reynolds, the leading portrait painter in England in the later 18th
century. The feathery brushwork of his mature work and rich sense of colour contribute to the
enduring popularity of his portraits. Unlike Reynolds, he avoids references to Italian Renaissance art
or the antique, and shows his sitters in fashionable contemporary dress.

15. THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH
The Blue Boy
River Landscape

16. PABLO PICASSO
 Pablo Picasso (20.10.1881 – 08.04.1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage
designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th
century, he is widely known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-
invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Picasso, Henri Matisse
and Marcel Duchamp are commonly regarded as the three artists who most defined the revolutionary developments
in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in
painting, sculpture, printmaking and ceramics. Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent in his early
years, painting in a realistic manner through his childhood and adolescence. During the first decade of the 20th
century, his style changed as he experimented with different theories, techniques, and ideas. His revolutionary
artistic accomplishments brought him universal renown and immense fortune, making him one of the best-known
figures in 20th-century art. Analytic cubism is a style of painting Picasso developed along with Georges Braque using
monochrome brownish and neutral colors. Both artists took apart objects and "analyzed" them in terms of their
shapes. Picasso and Braque’s paintings at this time have many similarities. Synthetic cubism was a further
development of the genre, in which cut paper fragments—often wallpaper or portions of newspaper pages—were
pasted into compositions, marking the first use of collage in fine art.

17. PABLO PICASSO
Three musicians Dora Maar au Chat

18. HENRI PAUL GAUGUIN
 Henri Paul Gauguin (07.07.1848 – 08.05.1903) was a leading French Post-Impressionist
artist who was not well appreciated until after his death. Gauguin was later recognized for
his experimental use of colours and synthetic style that were distinguishably different from
Impressionism. His work was influential to the French avant-garde and many modern
artists, such as Pablo Picasso, and Henri Matisse. Gauguin’s art became popular after his
death and many of his paintings were in the possession of Russian collector Sergei
Shyshkin. He was an important figure in the Symbolist movement as a painter, sculptor,
print-maker, ceramist, and writer. His bold experimentation with coloring led directly to the
Synthetist style of modern art, while his expression of the inherent meaning of the subjects
in his paintings, under the influence of the cloisonnist style, paved the way to Primitivism
and the return to the pastoral. He was also an influential proponent of wood engraving and
woodcuts as art forms.

19. HENRI PAUL GAUGUIN
The Seed of the Areoi Still-Life with Fruit and Lemons

20. EDGAR DEGAS
 Edgar Degas (19.07.1834 – 27.09.1917), was a French artist famous for his work
in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. He is regarded as one of the
founders of Impressionism although he rejected the term, and preferred to be
called a realist. A superb draftsman, he is especially identified with the subject of
the dance, and over half of his works depict dancers. These display his mastery in
the depiction of movement, as do his racecourse subjects and female nudes. His
portraits are notable for their psychological complexity and depiction of human
isolation. Early in his career, he wanted to be a history painter, a calling for which
he was well prepared by his rigorous academic training and close study of classic
art. In his early thirties, he changed course, and by bringing the traditional
methods of a history painter to bear on contemporary subject matter, he became a
classical painter of modern life.

21. EDGAR DEGAS
The Dance Class Ballet Rehearsal

22. JOSEPH TURNER
 Joseph Turner (1775-1851) is an English landscape painter. Turner was the
foremost English romantic painter and the most original of English landscape
artists. In 1791 for the first time he exhibited two watercolors at the Royal
Academy. In the following 10 years he exhibited regularly, was made professor of
perspective. He also travelled constantly in England or abroad, making innumerable
direct sketches from which he drew material for his studio paintings in oil and
watercolor. Turner showed a remarkably ability to distill the best from the tradition
of landscape painting. His painting became increasingly abstract as he strove to
portray light, space, and the elemental forces of nature. His will left more than
19,000 watercolors, drawings, and oils to the nation. Many of Turner’s oils have
deteriorated badly. In watercolor he is unsurpassed.

23. JOSEPH TURNER
The Fighting Téméraire tugged to her last Berth to be broken
Ivy Bridge

24. SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS
 Sir Joshua Reynolds (16.07.1723 – 23.02.1792) was an influential
18th-century English painter, specializing in portraits and promoting
the "Grand Style" in painting which depended on idealization of the
imperfect. He was one of the founders and first President of the
Royal Academy. King George III appreciated his merits and knighted
him in 1769. At 59, Reynolds had a paralytic stroke but recovered
sufficiently to continue his work for several years. Before he lost his
sight, his style became warmer and less formal, having been
influenced by Rubens. Reynolds painted more than 2000 portraits and
historical paintings, depicting almost every notable person of his
time. He often used experimental painting methods, which resulted
in works now poorly preserved.

25. SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS
Mrs Siddons Colonel George K. H. Coussmaker

26. PIERRE AUGUSTE RENOIR
 Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) is a French impressionist painter and sculptor. In
1862 he formed lasting friendship with Monet, Sisley. His early work reflected myriad
influences including those of Coubert, Manet and Delacroix. He began to earn his living
with portraiture, and an important work at this period was ―Madame Charpentier and her
children‖. Simultaneously he developed the ability to paint joyous, shimmering colour
and flickering light in outdoor scenes such as ―The Swing‖ and the festive ―Moulin de la
Galette‖. After a brief period, often termed ―harsh‖ or ―tight‖, in which his forms were
closely defined in outline, his style of the 1890s changed, diffusing both light and outline,
and with dazzling colours describing voluptuous nudes, radiant children, and lush
summer landscapes. Despite illness and personal tragedy he began to produce major
works of sculpture ―Victorious Venus‖ and paintings ―Dance at Bougival‖, ―Bather‖,
―Lady Sewing‖.

27. PIERRE AUGUSTE RENOIR
Mme. Charpentier and her children
The Large Bathers

28. THE END