Introduction to ios

1. Introduction to IOS
SWAPNALI PAWAR

2. iOS is a mobile operating system developed and
distributed by Apple Inc. It was originally released in 2007
for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and Apple TV. iOS is derived
from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin foundation.
iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating
system used in Apple computers.
Introduction to IOS
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4. General Overview
• iOS, which was previously called iPhone OS, is a mobile operating system
developed by Apple Inc. Its first release was in 2007, which included iPhone and
iPod Touch. iPad (1st Generation) was released in April 2010 and iPad Mini was
released in November 2012.
• The iOS devices get evolved quite frequently and from experience, we find that at
least one version of iPhone and iPad is launched every year. Now, we have
iphone5 launched which has its predecessors starting from iPhone, iPhone 3gs,
iPhone 4, iPhone 4s. Similarly, iPad has evolved from iPad (1st Generation) to
iPad (4th Generation) and an additional iPad Mini version.
• The iOS SDK has evolved from 1.0 to 6.0. iOS 6.0, the latest SDK is the only
officially supported version in Xcode 4.5 and higher. We have a rich Apple
documentation and we can find which methods and libraries can be used based
on our deployment target. In the current version of Xcode, we’ll be able to choose
between deployment targets of iOS 4.3, 5.0 and 6.0.
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5. Features of iOS operating System:
1. Highly Securer than other operating systems.
2. iOS provides multitasking features like while working in one
application we can switch to another application easily.
3. iOS’s user interface includes multiple gestures like swipe, tap,
pinch, Reverse pinch.
4. iBooks, iStore, iTunes, Game Center, and Email are user-friendly.
5. It provides Safari as a default Web Browser.
6. It has a powerful API and a Camera.
7. It has deep hardware and software integration
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6. IOS features provided as a part of
the device-
• Maps
• Siri
• Facebook and Twitter
• Multi-Touch
• Accelerometer
• GPS
• Wide Range of gestures
• High end processor
• Camera
• Safari
• Powerful APIs
• Game center
• In-App Purchase
• Reminders
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7. Applications of IOS Operating System:
iOS Operating System is the Commercial Operating system of
Apple Inc. and is popular for its security.
1.iOS operating system comes with pre-installed apps which
were developed by Apple like Mail, Map, TV, Music, Wallet,
Health, and Many More.
2.Swift Programming language is used for Developing Apps that
would run on IOS Operating System.
3.In iOS Operating System we can perform Multitask like
Chatting along with Surfing on the Internet.
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8. • Advantages of IOS Operating System
1.More secure than other operating systems.
2.Excellent UI and fluid responsive
3.Suits best for Business and Professionals
4.Generate Less Heat as compared to Android.
• Disadvantages of IOS Operating System
1.More Costly.
2.Less User Friendly as Compared to Android Operating System.
3.Not Flexible as it supports only IOS devices.
4.Battery Performance is poor.
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9. Pros of iOS Operating System
•Usability and UX
•Brand and Look
•Better Security
•Better Performance
•Premium Apps
•Attractive Camera
•Supports Multi-language & Multi Tasks
•Gaming Performance
•Less Heat Generation
Cons of iOS Operating System
•Costly
•Lack of Apps
•High Apps Size
•Quick Battery Consumption
•Memory Limit
•SIM Limit
•Developer unfriendly
•Same Ringtone
•Closed source OS
Pros & Cons of iOS Operating System
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10. Similarities Between iOS and Android
•The basic functions in iOS and Android are alike. Both the iOS and Android
phones have calling, messaging, web browsing, video chat, maps, voice
commands etc.
•The user interfaces of iOS and Android have a lot of similarities. Both of these
support swiping, tapping, pinch and zoom etc on their phone screens.
•There is a status bar on both the iOS and Android devices and it offers similar
information such as battery life, time, app notifications, wifi etc.
•4G cellular network can be enjoyed on both the iOS and Android devices. This is
very important as cellular network is crucial for internet surfing.
•Privacy settings are paramount in both iOS and Android. Users are presented
with app permissions as this lessens the risk of data leakage.
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11. Differences Between iOS and Android
•iOS is a closed system whereas Android is more open. Users have barely any
system permissions in iOS but in Android, users can customize their phones
easily.
•Android software is available for many manufacturers such as Samsung, LG etc.
and this may lead to some quality problems in the cheaper phones. However, iOS
is strictly controlled by Apple and there is no quality problem as there are few
models.
•The Android applications are obtained from Google Play while iOS applications
are available in the Apple app store.
•Integration with other devices is better in Apple iOS as compared to Google
Android.
•There are different voice assistants for iOS and Android namely Siri and Google
Assistant. Google assistant is much more powerful than Siri.
•The running speed of iOS devices remains consistent with time. In contrast to
this, the performance of Android devices may decline over time.
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12. Features Android IOS
Developer Various, mostly Google and Open Handset Alliance Apple Inc.
Initial release September 23, 2008 July 29, 2007
Latest stable release
and Updates
Android 11 iOS 14.1 and iPadOS 14.1
Customizability A lot. Can change almost anything. Limited unless jailbroken
Source model Open source Closed, with open source components.
File transfer Easier than iOS. Using USB port and Android File
Transfer desktop app. Photos can be transferred via
USB without apps.
More difficult. Media files can be transferred using iTunes
desktop app. Photos can be transferred out via USB
without apps.
Widgets Yes, except on lockscreen Yes, except on lockscreen
Internet browsing Google Chrome (other browsers are available). Any
browser app can be set as default. Ad blocking is
supported with Firefox.
Safari. Any browser app can be set as default but they
all use the same rendering engine (Safari/Webkit)
behind the scenes. Ad blocking is supported via content
blockers like Firefox Focus.
Web mapping
service
Google Maps Apple Maps (default). Google Maps also available via
a separate app download, but not as default.
Available
language(s)
100+ languages 40 languages
Video chat Google Meet and other 3rd party apps FaceTime (Apple devices only) and other 3rd party
apps
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13. Virtual assistant Google Assistant Siri
Available on Many phones and tablets. Major
manufacturers such as Samsung, Oppo,
OnePlus, Vivo, Honor and Xiaomi. Android One
devices are pure Android. Pixel line of devices
is made by Google, using a almost pure
version of Android
iPod Touch, iPhone, iPad, Apple TV (2nd and
3rd generation)
Calls and
messaging
Google Messages. 3rd party apps like
Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp, Google
Duo, Discord and Skype all work on Android
and iOS both.
iMessage, FaceTime (with other Apple devices
only). 3rd party apps like Google Hangouts,
Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp, Google Duo,
Discord and Skype all work on Android and iOS
both.
App store ,
Affordability and
interface
Google Play Store – 2,000,000+ apps. Other
app stores like Amazon and Aptoide also
distribute Android apps. (".APKs"). Apps
containing virus rare, but existing.
Apple App Store – 1,000,000+ apps. Apps
containing virus very rare or nonexistent.
Alternative app
stores and side
loading
Several alternative app stores other than the
official Google Play Store. (e.g. Aptoide,
Galaxy Apps)
Apple blocks 3rd party app stores. The phone
needs to be jailbroken if you want to download
apps from other stores.
Features Android IOS
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14. Battery life and
management
Many but not all Android phone
manufacturers equip their devices with
large batteries with a longer life.
Apple batteries are generally not as big as the
largest Android batteries. However, Apple is able to
squeeze decent battery life via hardware/software
optimizations.
Open source Kernel (Based on Linux), UI, and some
standard apps
The iOS kernel is not open source but is based on
the open-source Darwin OS.
File manager Yes. (Stock Android File Manager included
on devices running Android 7.1.1)
Files app, limited and less useful (iOS 12).
Interface Touch Screen Touch Screen
Biometric
Authentication
Fingerprint and/or Face Authentication.
Availability depends on manufacturer's
hardware.
Fingerprint or Face Authentication. Touch ID
available on iPhone (5s and later) and iPad (Air 2
and later) but not on iPhone X or later. Face ID
available on iPhone X and later, replacing Touch ID
OS family Linux OS X, UNIX
Headphone Jack Some current Android smartphones and
many don't.
None on iPhone 7 and later, lighting to 3.5mm no
longer comes with phone after iPhone XS
Features Android IOS
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15. Photos &
Videos
backup
Apps available for automatic backup of
photos and videos. Google Photos allows
unlimited backup of photos at a compressed
quality. OneDrive, Amazon Photos and
Dropbox are other alternatives.
Up to 5 GB of photos and videos can be
automatically back up with iCloud, more paid
iCloud storage available via subscription. All
other vendors like Google, Amazon, Dropbox,
Flickr and Microsoft have auto-backup apps
for both iOS and Android.
Security
Monthly security updates. Android software
patches are available soonest to Pixel device
users. Manufacturers tend to lag behind in
pushing out these updates. So at any given
time a vast majority of Android devices are
running outdated OS software.
Occasional security updates. Security threats
rare, because iOS is locked and downloading
apps out of the App Store is complicated.
Rooting,
bootloaders,
and
jailbreaking
Access and complete control over your
device is available and you can unlock the
bootloader.
Complete control over your device is not
available.
Cloud
services
Native integration with Google Drive storage.
15GB free, $2/mo for 100GB, 1TB for $10. Apps
available for Amazon Photos, OneDrive
and Dropbox.
Native integration with iCloud. 5GB free, 50GB
for $1/mo, 200GB for $3/mo, 1TB for $10/mo.
Apps available for Google Drive and Google
Photos, Amazon Photos, OneDrive
and Dropbox.
Features Android IOS
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16. IOS LAYERED ARCHITECTURE
The iOS is the operating system created by Apple Inc. for mobile devices. The iOS is used in
many of the mobile devices for Apple such as iPhone, iPod, iPad etc. The iOS is used a lot
and only lags behind Android in terms of popularity.
The iOS architecture is layered. It contains an intermediate layer between the applications
and the hardware so they do not communicate directly. The lower layers in iOS provide the
basic services and the higher layers provide the user interface and sophisticated graphics.
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17. IOS LAYERED ARCHITECTURE
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18. What is the architecture of iOS ?
• Architecture of IOS is a layered architecture. At the uppermost level iOS works as
an intermediary between the underlying hardware and the apps you make. Apps
do not communicate to the underlying hardware directly.
• Apps talk with the hardware through a collection of well defined system
interfaces. These interfaces make it simple to write apps that work
constantly on devices having various hardware abilities.
• Lower layers gives the basic services which all application relies on and higher
level layer gives sophisticated graphics and interface related services.
Apple provides most of its system interfaces in special packages called
frameworks.
• A framework is a directory that holds a dynamic shared library that is .a
files, related resources like as header files, images, and helper apps
required to support that library. Every layer have a set of Framework which
the developer use to construct the applications.
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19. 1.Core OS Layer
All the iOS technologies are build on the low level features
provided by the Core OS layer. These technologies include
Core Bluetooth Framework, External Accessory
Framework, Accelerate Framework, Security Services
Framework, Local Authorisation Framework etc.
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20. 1. Core OS Layer
The Core OS layer holds the low level features that most other
technologies are built upon.
•Core Bluetooth Framework.
•Accelerate Framework.
•External Accessory Framework.
•Security Services framework.
•Local Authentication framework.
64-Bit support from IOS7 supports the 64 bit app development and
enables the application to run faster.
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21. 2.CORE SERVICES Layer
Some important frameworks are present in the CORE
SERVICES Layer which helps the iOS operating system to cure
itself ad provide better functionality. It is the 2nd lowest layer
in the Architecture
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22. 2.Core Services Layer
There are many frameworks available in the core services layer.
Cloudkit Framework
The data can be moved between the app the iCloud using the Cloudkit Framework.
Core Foundation Framework
This provides the data management and service features for the iOS apps.
Core Data Framework
The data model of the model view controller app is handled using the Core Data Framework.
Address Book Framework
The address book framework provides access to the contacts database of the user.
Core Motion Framework
All the motion based data on the device is accessed using core motion framework.
Healthkit Framework
The health related information of the user can be handled by this new framework.
Core Location Framework
This framework provides the location and heading information to the various apps.
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23. 3.MEDIA Layer
With the help of the media layer, we will
enable all graphics video, and audio technology
of the system. This is the second layer in the
architecture
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24. 3.Media Layer
The media layer enables all the graphics, audio and video technology of the
system. The different frameworks are:
UIKit Graphics
This provides support for designing images and animating the view content.
Core Graphics Framework
This provides support for 2-D vector and image based rendering and is the native
drawing engine for iOS apps.
Core Animation
The Core Animation technology optimizes the animation experience of the apps.
Media Player Framework
This framework provides support for playing playlists and enables the user to use
their iTunes library.
AV Kit
This provides various easy to use interfaces for video presentation.
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25. 4.COCOA TOUCH
COCOA Touch is also known as the application layer
which acts as an interface for the user to work with
the iOS Operating system. It supports touch and
motion events and many more features
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26. 4.Cocoa Touch Layer-
The cocoa touch layer provides the following frameworks −
EventKit Framework
This shows the standard system interfaces using view
controllers for viewing and changing calendar related events.
GameKit Framework
This provides support for users to share their game related
data online using Game center.
MapKit Framework
This provides a scrollable map which can be included into the
app user interface.
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