Choose the following correct answer
1-An error may be defined as difference in
i. Measured value and true value
ii. Measured and observed value
iii. Both a and b
iv. None of these
2-All experimental analysis may be due to either
i. Descriptive statistics
ii. Influential statistics
iii. Systematic error or random error
iv. All of these
3-Errors that are statistical fluctuations in the measured data due to precision
limitations of the measured data are
i. Systematic errors
ii. Random errors
iii. Descriptive errors
iv. Inferential errors
4-Errors that usually result from experimenter’s inability to take the same
measurement in exactly the same way to get exact the same number.
i. Random errors
ii. Systematic errors
iii. Inferential errors
iv. Mistakes
5- Errors that arise due to reproducible inaccuracies that are consistently in the
same direction are called
i. Random errors
ii. Systematic errors
iii. Descriptive errors
iv. Inferential errors
6- in the calculations or in reading the instrument are not considered in error
analysis
i. Systematic errors
ii. Mistakes
iii. Both a and b
iv. None of these
7- Systematic errors arises from a flaw in the measurement scheme which is each
times a measurement is made
i. Fixed
ii. Repeated
iii. Initially taken
iv. None of these

8- Which of the following is the source of systematic error
i. Errors in calibration
ii. Incorrect measuring technique
iii. Bias of experimenter
iv. All of these
9- Parallax error (incorrect reading scale) is example of
i. Systematic errors
ii. Random errors
iii. Both of a and b
iv. None of these
10- Systematic errors don't average to if we average many measurements
i. Zero
ii. Infinity
iii. Finite
iv. One
11- If systemic error is discovered, can date be corrected ?
i. Yes
ii. No
12- The goal of a good experiment is to reduce the systemic errors to a value than
random errors
i. Smaller
ii. Greater
iii. Equal
iv. None
13- Measuring the period of pendulum many times with a stopwatch, but the
measurements not same its’ the example of
i. Systematic errors
ii. Random errors
iii. Mistakes
iv. None of these
14- Limitations imposed by the precision of measuring instrument is the source
of what type of errors?
i. Systematic
ii. Random
iii. Descriptive analysis
iv. Inferential analysis
15- Uncontrollable fluctuations in conditions in the measurements is also main source
of systematic errors
i. Final
ii. Initially

iii. Central
iv. Neither final nor initial
16- The precision simply means the amount that can be measured directly
i. Largest
ii. Smallest
iii. Moderate
iv. None of the above
17- A typical meter stick is subdivided into milli meter and its is thus .....
i. One milli meter
ii. Two milli meter
iii. Three milli meter
iv. 0.5 milli meter
18- Random an uncertainty must have the propertythat the fluctuations from some
‘true value’are equallyto be
i. Only positive
ii. Only negative
iii. May be positive or negative
iv. None
19- If uncertainties are nearly equally positive or negative, then average of
measurements close to bevalue of measured quantity
i. False
ii. Correct
iii. Average
iv. None
20- How many types of errors?
i. 1
ii. 2
iii. 3
iv. 4
21-What does QA and QC stand for?
i. Quality Assurance and Queuing Control
ii. Quality Adjustment and Quality completion
iii. Quality Assurance and Quality control
iv. Quality Adjustment and Queuing control
22-What is QA?
i. It is the measurement of degree to which a product satisfies the need
ii. Any systematic process used to ensure quality in the process
iii. Process of identifying defects
iv. It is a corrective tool
23- Which of the following option is correct regarding QA and QC?
i. QC is an integral part of QA
ii. QA is an integral part of QC
iii.QA and QC are independent to each other
iv.QC may or may not depend on QA

24- What is the first step of QA?
i. Development of standards
ii. Identification of customer need
iii. Servicing
iv. Material control
25- Which of the following is an example of QA?
i. Verification
ii.Software testing
iii. Validation
iv. Documentation
26- Which of the following option is not correct regarding QA and QC?
i. Process capabilities should be monitored on intermittent basis
ii. Measuring equipment’s must have a calibration certificate
iii. Normally many inspections are done during the process of manufacturing
iv. QA depends on the activities of the entire company
27-Which of the following option involves material and component control?
i. Quality control
ii.Feedback
iii.Development of standards
iv. Development of specification
28-Process control is carried out
i. during production
ii.after production control
iii. before production
iv. All of the above
29- What happened if an expected result is not specified then
i. it may be difficult to determine if the test has passed or failed
ii. it may difficult to repeat the test
iii. we cannot run the test
iv. we cannot automate the user input values
30- Select which one is not an External failure costs?
i. complaint resolution
ii. testing
iii. helpline support
iv. warranty work
31-1The basic difference between MRP and MRP-II is:
i. Finance
ii. Capacity Planning
iii. Bom
iv. Inventory
32- Capacity planning is concerned with
i. how much labour required
ii. how many machines required
iii. all of the mentioned
iv. none of the mentioned
33- Control limits are ___
i. Limits defined by customers
ii. Limits driven by the natural variability of the process
iii. Limits driven by the inherent variability of the process
iv.Statistical limits

34- Bill of material structure is used to
i. calculate man power requirements
ii. calculate due dates
iii. calculate net requirements
iv. all of the mentioned
35- Capacity planning is concerned with
i. how much labour required
ii. how many machines required
iii. all of the mentioned
iv. none of the mentioned
36-. In filtration, the use of ‘filter aid’ helps in__________________?
i.Reducing the filtration pressure
ii. Accelerating the rate of filtration
iii.Deplugging the filter medium
iv.Enhancing the cake porosity in case of a dense impermeable cake
37-.Steps of gravimetric analysis
i.Filtration and ignition
ii. Washing and rinsing
iii. Precipitation and calculation
iv. All of the above
38- In volhard Method, the solution filled in the burette is
i.Silver Nitrate
ii.Ferric ammonium sulphate
iii.Pottasium thiocyanate
iv.Potassium Chromate
. Indicator used in Mohr method
i.Fe3+
ii.Fluorescein
iii. Potassium chromate
iv.Eosin
39- The titration brake of the precipitation curve depends on
i. Concentration of the Analyte
ii. Solubility product of the precipitate
iii.Temperature
iv.Nature of the indicator
40- Which of the following compounds cannot be analysed in Mohr method
i.NaCI
ii.KCl
iii.MgBr
iv.CaCl2
41- AgCl is more soluble than
i.AgNO3
ii.Ag2CrO4
iii.NaCl
iv.All of them
42-For washing which type of solvent is best:
i. water
ii.Ethyl alcohol
iii. AgNO3
iv. Ethylene oxide

43- Washing reagent should be:
i. Volatile
ii.Non reactive
iii. Both 1&2
iv. Non volatile
Q. Washing is done to
i. Remove impurities
ii. Remove primary absorbed layer
iii.Remove secondary absorbed layer
iv. All
44. Water is not used for washing of precipitates because
i. It is non volatile
ii. reacts with precipitates
iii. Change them to colloidal state
iv. All
45. Next step after washing of precipitates
i. ignition
ii. dryness
iii. weighing
iv. Calculation
46.Ignition is done to covert precipitate into
i. Stable and definite composition
ii. unstable composition
iii. Indefinite composition
iv. None of these
47. Ignition is done in
i. Fritted glass crucible
ii. Gooch crucible
iii. Bunsen burners
iv. 2&3
48. Ignition is done to remove
i. Superficially adherent water
ii. Absorbed water
iii. Humidity
iv. Water of crystallization
v All
49. Temperature require for ignition
i. 110°C
ii. 200°C
iii. 210°C
iv. Depends on nature of precipitate
50. Ignition is done until
i. Precipitate burns
ii. Carbon oxidized to CO2
iii. No traces of filter paper left
iv. Both 2&3
50-Of the following sampling methods, which is a probability method?
i.Judgement

ii.Quota
iii.Simple random
iv.Convenience
51-Which among the following is the benefit of using simple random sampling?
i.The results are always representative.
ii.Interviewers can choose respondents freely.
iii.Informants can refuse to participate.
iv.We can calculate the accuracy of the results.
52-Increasing the sample size has the following effect upon the sampling error?
i.It increases the sampling error
ii.It reduces the sampling error
iii.It has no effect on the sampling error
iv.All of the above
53-Which of the following is not a type of non-probability sampling?
i. Quota sampling
ii. Convenience sampling
iii. Snowball sampling
iv. Stratified random sampling
54-Sample is regarded as a subset of?
i. Data
ii. Set
iii.Distribution
iv. Population
55-The difference between a statistic and the parameter is called:
i.Non-random
ii. Probability
iii. Sampling error
iv. Random
56-The probability of selecting an item in probability sampling, from the
population is known and is:
i. Equal to one
ii. Equal to zero
iii. Non zero
iv. None of the above

57-The distribution that is formed by all possible values of a statistics is known
as:
i. Hypergeometric distribution
ii. Normal distribution
iii. Sampling distribution
iv. Binomial distribution
58-Among these, which sampling is based on equal probability?
i. Simple random sampling
ii. Stratified random sampling
iii. Systematic sampling
iv. Probability sampling
59-The difference between the expected value of a statistic and the value of the
parameter being estimated is called a:
i.Standard error
ii. Bias
iii. Sampling error
iv. Non-sampling error
60-Sampling unit can be selected
i. Only once
ii. More than one time
iii. Less than one time
iv. None of the above
61-The list of all units in a population is called
i. Random sampling
ii. Sampling Frame
iii. Bias
iv. Parameter
62-Any numerical value calculated from sample data is called
i.Error
ii. Statistic
iii.Mean
iv. Standard Deviation
63-In random sampling, the probability of selecting an item from the population
is
i.Unknown
ii. Known
iii. Undecided
iv. One
64-Non-Sampling error is reduced by
i.Increasing Sample Size
ii. Decreasing Sample Size
iii. Reducing the Amount of Data
iv. None of these

65-Sampling in which a sampling unit can be repeated more than once is called
i.Sampling without replacement
ii.Simple sampling
iii.Sampling with replacement
iv.None of the above
66-The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of any statistic is called
i.Sampling Error
ii.Non Sampling Error
iii.Standard Deviation
iv.Standard Error
67-The sample is a subset of
i.Data
ii.Group
iii.Population
iv.Distribution
68-Any numerical value computed from the population is called
i.Statistic
ii.Bias
iii.Sampling Error
iv.Error
v.Parameter
69-Non Probability form of sampling is
i. Random Sampling
ii.Non-Random Sampling
iii.Probability Sampling
iv.Quota Sampling
70-The difference between statistic and parameter is called
i.Random Error
ii.Sampling Error
iii.Standard Error
iv.Error
71-When each member of a population has an equally likely chance of being
selected, this is called:
i.. A nonrandom sampling method
ii. A quota sample
iii. A snowball sample
iv. An Equal probability selection method
72-Which of the following techniques yields a simple random sample?
i. Choosing volunteers from an introductory psychology class to participate
ii. Listing the individuals by ethnic group and choosing a proportion from within
each ethnic group at random.
iii. Numbering all the elements of a sampling frame and then using a random number
table to pick cases from the table.
iv. Randomly selecting schools, and then sampling everyone within the school.

73-Which of the following is not true about stratified random sampling?
i. It involves a random selection process from identified subgroups
ii. Proportions of groups in the sample must always match their population proportions
iii. Disproportional stratified random sampling is especially helpful for getting large
enough
subgroup samples when subgroup comparisons are to be done
iv. Proportional stratified random sampling yields a representative sample
73-Which of the following statements are true?
i. The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error
ii. The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the
larger
the sample needed
iii. The fewer categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the
larger
the sample needed
iv. As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval
74-Which of the following formulae is used to determine how many people to
include in the original sampling?
i. Desired sample size/Desired sample size + 1
ii. Proportion likely to respond/desired sample size
iii. Proportion likely to respond/population size
iv. Desired sample size/Proportion likely to respond
75-Which of the following sampling techniques is an equal probability selection
method (i.e., EPSEM) in which every individual in the population has an equal
chance of being selected?
i. Simple random sampling
ii. Systematic sampling
iii. Proportional stratified sampling
iv. All of the above are EPSEM
76-Which of the following is not a form of nonrandom sampling?
i. Snowball sampling
ii. Convenience sampling
iii. Quota sampling
iv. Purposive sampling
v. They are all forms of nonrandom sampling
77-Which of the following will give a more “accurate” representation of the
population from which a sample has been taken?
i. A large sample based on the convenience sampling technique
ii. A small sample based on simple random sampling
iii. A large sample based on simple random sampling
iv. A small cluster sample
78-Sampling in qualitative research is similar to which type of sampling in
quantitative research?
i. Simple random sampling
ii. Systematic sampling
iii. Quota sampling
iv. Purposive sampling

79-Which of the following would generally require the largest sample size?
i. Cluster sampling
ii. Simple random sampling
iii. Systematic sampling
iv. Proportional stratified sampling
80- How often does the Census Bureau take a complete population count?
i. Every year
ii. Every five years
iii. Every ten years
iv. Twice a year
81-People who are available, volunteer, or can be easily recruited are used in
the sampling method called ______.
i. Simple random sampling
ii. Cluster sampling
iii. Systematic sampling
iv. Convenience sampling
82-Which of the following types of sampling involves the researcher
determining the appropriate sample sizes for the groups identified as important,
and then taking convenience samples from those groups?
i. Proportional stratified sampling
ii. Quota sampling
iii. One-stage cluster sampling
iv. Two-stage cluster sampling
Answer: b
83-A type of sampling used in qualitative research that involves selecting cases
that disconfirm the researcher’s expectations and generalizations is referred to
as _______________.
i. Extreme case sampling
ii. Typical-case sampling
iii. Critical-case sampling
iv. Negative-case sampling
84-In which of the following nonrandom sampling techniques does the
researcher ask the research participants to identify other potential research
participants?
i. Snowball
ii. Convenience
iii. Purposive
iv. Quota
85-Which of the following is the most efficient random sampling technique
discussed in your chapter?
i. Simple random sampling
ii. Proportional stratified sampling
iii. Cluster random sampling
iv. Systematic sampling
86-If we took the 500 people attending a school in New York City, divided them
by gender, and then took a random sample of the males and a random sampling
of the females, the variable on which we would divide the population is called

the _____.
i. Independent variable
ii. Dependent variable
iii. Stratification variable
iv. Sampling variable
87-A number calculated with complete population data and quantifies a
characteristic of the population is called which of the following?
i. A datum
ii. A statistic
iii. A parameter
iv. A population
89-The type of sampling in which each member of the population selected for
the sample is returned to the population before the next member is selected is
called _________.
i. Sampling without replacement
ii. Sampling with replacement
iii. Simple random sampling
iv. Systematic sampling
90-Which of the following is not a type of nonrandom sampling?
i. Cluster sampling
ii. Convenience sampling
iii. Quota sampling
iv. Purposive sampling
91-Which of the following would usually require the smallest sample size
because of its efficiency?
i. One stage cluster sampling
ii. Simple random sampling
iii. Two stage cluster sampling
iv. Quota sampling
92-A technique used when selecting clusters of different sizes is called _____.
i. Cluster sampling
ii. One-stage sampling
iii. Two-stage sampling
iv. Probability proportional to size or PPS
93-The process of drawing a sample from a population is known as _________.
i. Sampling
ii. Census
iii. Survey research
iv. None of the above
94- It is recommended to use the whole population rather than a sample when
the population size is of what size?
i. 500 or less
ii. 100 or less
iii. 1000 or less
iv. you should always use a sample
95-Which of the following is not an example of a nonrandom sampling
technique?

i. Purposive
ii. Quota
iii. Convenience
iv. Cluster
96-Which of the following sampling methods is the best way to select a group of
people for a study if you are interested in making statements about the larger
population?
i. Convenience sampling
ii. Quota sampling
iii. Purposive sampling
iv. Random sampling
97-___________ is a set of elements taken from a larger population according to
certain rules.
i. Sample
ii. Population
iii. Statistic
iv. Element
98- Determining the sample interval (represented by k), randomly selecting a
number between 1 and k, and including each kth element in your sample are the
steps for which form of sampling?
i. Simple Random Sampling
ii. Stratified Random Sampling
iii. Systematic Sampling
iv. Cluster sampling
99-The nonrandom sampling type that involves selecting a convenience sample
from a population with a specific set of characteristics for your research study
is called _____.
i. Convenience sampling
ii. Quota sampling
iii. Purposive sampling
iv. Snowball sampling
100-Clusters are known as.
i. PSU
ii. SSU
iii. BSU
iv. MSU