18. DNA is being used as a nano-wire with specific recognition information embedded
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20. The ability of amyloid fibrils to serve as a template for the fabrication of nano-materials was demonstrated with yeast prion proteins.
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22. One of the advantages of the actin filaments is the ability to control their polymerization and depolymerization by the presence of ATP nucleotides.
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24. Formation of silver nanowires is possible with peptide nanotubes templates.
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26. The great advantage of the phage particles is their ability to express specific proteins on their surface in multiple copies.
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28. The most notable mineral is of course calcium in its different forms.
29. The ability to form complex inorganic structures such as artificial bones and teeth using biological templates that will direct inorganic organization may change the face of modern medicine.
30. One example of such an approach is the use of a peptide fragment of silaffin1, internal-repeats protein that mediates silica organization.
37. A more futuristic instrument includes a nano-device that measures the glucose levels using electrochemical reaction and nano electrodes on a chip that are connected to a controlled delivery system that releases insulin according to a programmed profile. Such a nano-device will be able to mimic some of the functions of the pancreas for acute Type I and chronic Type II diabetes patients.