1. The document presents details about a summer training project on road construction. It discusses the different types of roads and pavements in India. 2. It explains the basic components and construction process of flexible and rigid pavements. Flexible pavements use bitumen and have lower initial costs but higher maintenance costs, while rigid pavements using concrete have higher initial costs but lower long-term maintenance costs. 3. The document outlines the various steps involved in constructing a concrete road, including preparation of subgrade, laying forms, mixing and placing concrete, compaction, finishing, curing, and finally opening the road to traffic once cured.

1. 1
SUMMER TRAINING PRESENTATION
U.P. PWD. LUCKNOW
H.O.D CIVIL
ENGINEERING
MR. A.P.SINGH
BANSAL INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING. &
TECHNOLOGY
LUCKNOW
MUKESHKUMAR
JAISWAL
VII SEM
1342200093
SUBMITTED TO - SUBMITTED BY -

2. 2
INTRODUCTION
 Development of a country depends on the connectivity of various places
with adequate road network.
 Roads constitute the most important mode of communication in areas
where railways have not developed much.
 India has one of the largest road networks in the world (over 3 million
km at present).For the purpose of management and administration,
roads in India are divided into the following five categories:
• National Highways (NH)
• State Highways (SH)
• Major District Roads (MDR)
• Other District Roads (ODR)
• Village Roads (VR)

3. 3
TYPES OF PAVEMENTS
There are various types of pavements depending upon the materials used; a
briefs description of all types is given here-
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Bitumen has been widely used in the construction of flexible pavements for a long
time.
 Have low flexural strength
 Load is transferred by grain to grain contact
 Have low completion cost but repairing cost is high
 Have low life span (High Maintenance Cost)
RIGID PAVEMENT
Rigid pavements, though costly in initial investment, are cheap in long run
because of low maintenance costs.
Deformation in the sub grade is not transferred to subsequent layers. Have high
flexural strength.
No such phenomenon of grain to grain load transfer exists.
Life span is more as compare to flexible (Low Maintenance Cost).

4. 4
Longitudinal joint
Transverse joint
Subgrade
Base
Surface Texture
Surface smoothness Thickness Design
Dowel bars
Concrete materials
Tiebars
Basic Components of a Concrete
Pavement

5. 1. Preparation of base
2. Form working
3. Preparation of subgrade
4. Watering of base
5. Joints
6. Material mix & placing
7. Compaction
8. Finishing of surface
9. Floating
10. Belting
11 Curing
12. Joint filling
13. Edging
14. Open to traffic
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6. 1. As base material of W.B.M. Road; stone ballast, concrete 10-15cm
layer are used. For bonding between concrete slab & W.B.M.
used 1:2 cement wash on W.B.M.
2. Concrete base
On the road used 10cm Cement concrete(1:2:4).
1. Rolling on sub grade by roller
2. Filling the granular soil in the weak part and pot holes
3. Correct the soil coat , Camber , longitudinal slop
When concrete direct laid on subgrade, For preventing the
water-seepaging into the soil , used water proof paper on entire
length.
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7. Material for form work-
Wooden sheets, battens, plywood, fibre hard board, steel plates.
1. before using form work, it should free from all type material like as
dust ,cement.
2. To placing the concrete in appropriate depth used 2.5-5cm thick
and 3mtr long wooden sheeting.
3. The depth of wooden block must be same as level of slab thick.
4. After 24hrs form work displaced next length of road.
If base is dry
Than using the sprinkling process on it properly after that placing
the concrete.
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8. Where is necessary to provide transverse,
Longitudinal joints; there wedge of woods,
metals fix on level of concrete.
After setting of concrete it should be pull
out.
If provided the dowel bar in joints, bars
should be fit at right position.
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9. Mixer is equipment that mix the concrete using distinct
amount of cement , concrete, sand and water. Concrete
slab should have more than 5-10cm thick cause of drying.
Used two type mixer-
1. Batch mixer-
at site, used for small road construction
2. Continuous mixer-
Continuous mixer used for large construction .
if distance is more from site , mix concrete
transported at site within setting time.
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10. 8. Finishing of surface
1.Floating-
For levelling the surface use floating, scree-
ding , power trowel. So that there is no acceptable
more than 3mm variation in concrete level surface.
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Purpose of compaction is that to pull out air from void and make
concrete harden.
Compaction done by-
1. mechanically surface vibrator
2. manually hand tempers

11. 2.Belting-
For making surface clean used belting
process. Belt is nothing but a 15-30cm thick
sheets of canvass which have more length than
road.
3. Brooming-
Brooming is the process in which we made
rough surface parallel to road by brush. It useful
in avoiding slip & comfortable travelling on road
.
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12. 9. Curing
Curing is the name of increasing the hydration process
of cement.
after setting the concrete , curing process done
till 14-28days.
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10. Filling joint
After drying road, clean the joints and fill the
shelling compound or hot bitumen .
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13. 11. Edging
To protect damaging the sides of concrete
pavements used over burnt brick work.
in place of brick, provided kerb of pre mix
concrete.
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Generally after a month, road should be open to traffic.
If used rapid hardening cement it take 7 days to open
traffic.
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14. THANK YOU.
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