01 marsden introduction
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Prof. Greg Marsden's introductory presentation to the 2-day international workshop "Energy-related economic stress at the interface between transport poverty, fuel poverty and residential location", held at the University of Leeds, 20th – 21st May 2015.
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01 marsden introduction
- 1. ENERGY-RELATED ECONOMIC STRESS AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN TRANSPORT POVERTY, FUEL POVERTY AND RESIDENTIAL LOCATION Welcome and Introduction Professor Greg Marsden Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds
- 2. Why now is so critical
- 5. 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% % of total household expenditure by equivalised disposable income group Domestic energy Transport (total) Operation of personal transport Transport (total - purchase of vehicle)
- 7. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Harmonised index of consumer prices, EU-28, 1996-2014 (1996=100) All-items HICP Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels Electricity, gas and other fuels Transport Operation of personal transport equipment
- 8. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 1988 1994 1999 2005 2010 Combined share of housing + transport expenditure in the UK 1988-2010, by income quintile First quintile Second quintile Third quintile Fourth quintile Fifth quintile
- 9. • Units of analysis – poverty and economic stress because of what we do. Energy is a part of that but only a part of it • Policy silos are central to this. For too long we have looked at this in a narrow way • Austerity, inequality and injustice look like they are widening, not narrowing • We are at a point of a major transition in mobility and possibly a coupling of domestic energy travel – but we haven’t thought it through Importance of this workshop
- 10. • What is energy used for? • Opens up questions of need and entitlement • At the interface between buildings and mobility • Justice and equity • Fuel Poverty (Gordon Walker, Neil Simcock, Rosie Day) • Beyond Elasticities (Caroline Mullen, Greg Marsden) • Economic stress (Giulio Mattioli, Karen Lucas, Jillian Anable) The DEMAND Centre
- 11. ENERGY Home Housing costs Domestic energy costs Transport costs Residential location Geography, urban form, spatial development, etc. Common energy nature Global fossil fuel prices, energy mix, CO2 reduction policies, etc.
- 12. Housing costs Domestic energy costs Transport costs Residential location Common energy natureTransport and social exclusion, carless households, etc. Fuel poverty Transport poverty
- 13. Cross-learning between different: • EU countries (UK, DE, FR) • sectors (transport, housing, domestic energy) • between research and policy-making communities Focus on two axis: 1. Transport & housing costs 2. Transport & domestic energy costs Workshop goals
- 14. • Mattioli - Households without cars, motoring costs and affordability FRANCE • Nicolas - Transport costs, oil vulnerability and urban form • Jouffe - Energy poverty research and policy-making • Motte-Baumvol – Escaping car dependence in periurban areas GERMANY • Gertz - Rising transport costs and spatial planning • Scheiner - Transport costs, residential choice & mobility biographies UK • Lovelace & Phillips – Oil vulnerability in Yorkshire & Humberside • Roundable discussion - what lessons from an international comparison? (Anable, Martens, Walker, Lucas) Day 1
- 15. @TranspPoverty Hashtag for the workshop: #transportpoverty Twitter
Notes de l'éditeur
- Perfect storm: Economic austerity and widening of income gap Continued change in household structures, migration and rising housing costs Volatility in oil prices Rising domestic energy prices
- Critically, the average price increase from 2005 to 2013 was 79% or 10% per annum This varies from 27% in the Netherlands to 131% in Spain
- Of obvious concern and relevance here is the much higher proportion of disposable income that housing costs form for lower income groups.
- Transport costs are not regressive – quite the opposite. But this is in part because households in lower deciles are less likely to own a car.
- And there are obvious geographical differences both between urban areas in quite distinct housing markets but also, as shown on this chart between urban and rural areas – transport for example is much higher in urban areas, in part due to the lower levels of accessibility.
- Housing and transport prices have increased faster than overall inflation in the last 20 years (housing more than transport). Within both,fuel expenditure has increased even faster
- The gap has increased between the two lowest income quintiles (now spending more than 25 years ago on H+T) and the rest. Households in lowest income quintile now devote on average half their expenditure to H+T. More detailed analysis shows that this is due mostly to housing. The share spent on transport (and notably operation of private vehicle) has increased for all quintiles. Such an increasing gap is not observed in France and Germany.
- UK: strong policy and research attention for poverty, both in general and specifically in the domestic energy, transport and housing sectors. However: intriguing lack of interest for the relationships between issues of affordability in the different sectors. This is different in FR and DE. Hence the idea of a workshop that is cross-sectoral (3 x sectors) and international (3 x EU countries).
- The roundtable discussion will focus on how / whether the findings of the French and German studies presented throughout the day are relevant for UK research and policy – trying to “bring the discussion back to Britain”. This eases the transition to day 2 where the focus will be much more on UK policy making. We want to ask participants to write down anonymous questions (focused on UK) throughout the day which we will then gather and ask to the roundtable participants.
- We will tweet during the workshop. Participants are welcome to do so too with the hashtag