Carla Johnson's PowerPoint for students who need to review how rocks and minerals are formed. Includes some slides that were used with a Clicker Quiz.

1. How do minerals form? Notes: 3/2/10

6. 3.2 Igneous Rocks As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form igneous rocks. Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly at Earth's surface. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly within Earth.

13. 3.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change. Metamorphic rocks form as the structure of the parent rocks change and as their minerals recrystallize. recrystallization foliation The process by which bonds between atoms in minerals break and re-form in new ways during metamorphism. The arrangement of minerals within rocks into flat or wavy parallel bands; a characteristic of most metamorphic rocks. heat and pressure shale schist

16. 3.3 Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks. sediment Layers of sedimentary rocks form as • sediments are pressed or cemented together • dissolved minerals re-form as water evaporates Limestone : forms when shells are cemented together and some of the minerals dissolve and reform. (reacts with acid because of the calcite) Fossils : are found only in sedimentary rocks

18. Different types of sedimentary rocks form because of the speed of the water.