The National Policy on Education (NPE) 1986 aimed to enable India to stand amongst nations in the 21st century by removing disparities and equalizing educational opportunities. It reviewed the country's education system and policies since independence. The NPE 1986 contained recommendations across 12 parts and 157 paragraphs on reorganizing education at all levels, promoting equality, improving teacher training, management of the education system, and making necessary resources available. The policy focused on providing universal access to education and promoting inclusiveness, while strengthening vocational training and improving learning outcomes.

1. National Policy On Education (1986)
OR
NPE 1986
by Dr.C.Thanavathi

2. NEED
ENABLE COUNTRY TO ENTER
21ST CENTURY FOR STANDING AMONGST THE
COMMUNITY OF NATIONS
This new policy called for "special emphasis on the removal of
disparities and to equalize educational opportunity,"

3. Background (Post Independence)
1st Policy In 1968
2nd Policy In 1979
3rd Policy In 1986

4. NPE 1986
REVIEWED IN 1990- RAMA MURTY REVIEW COMMITTEE
(TOWARDS AN ENLIGHTENED AND HUMANE SOCIETY)
RE- REVIEWED IN 1992- JANARDHAN COMMITTEE/ CABE

5. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
(i) JANUARY 5,1985
PM RAJIV GANDHI PROMISED A NEW EDUCATION POLICY
(ii) APPRAISAL OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM BY MHRD
(iii) AUGUST 20,1985
STATUS REPORT
"CHALLENGES OF EDUCATION: A POLICY PERSPECTIVE"

6. Shaping Up Of NPE (1986)
DOCUMENT TRANSLATED
POLICY DEBATED
RECOMMENDATIONS ANALYSED
MHRD:" NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION 1986- A
PRESENTATION"
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7. PAPER DISCUSSED BY :
-STATE MINISTERS OF EDUCATION
-NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL
-CABE

8. MAY 1986 - NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION (1986)
DRAFT LAID IN PARLIAMENT
MAY 7, 1986- LOK SABHA
MAY 13 , 1986 - RAJYA SABHA

9. CONTENTS OF NPE, 1986
XII PARTS
157 PARAGRAPHS

10. PART SUBJECT NO.OF PARAGRAPHS
I INTRODUCTORY 15
II THE ESSENCE AND ROLE OF EDUCATION 04
III NATIONAL SYSTEM OF EDUCATION 13
IV EDUCATION FOR EQUALITY 13
V REORGANISATION OF EDUCATION AT DIFFERENT STAGES 42
VI TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EDUCATION 20
VII MAKING THE SYSTEM WORK 03
VIII REORIENTING THE CONTENT AND PROCESS OF EDUCATION 25
IX THE TEACHER 06
X THE MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION 09
XI RESOURCE AND REVIEW 05
XII THE FUTURE 02

11. RECOMMENDATIONS OF NPE, 1986
PART I - INTRODUCTORY
CATALYTIC ACTION OF EDUCATION PROCESS
NEEDS TO BE PLANNED METICULOUSLY
EXECUTED WITH GREAT SENSITIVITY
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12. PART II-THE ESSENCE AND ROLE OF EDUCATION
ALL ROUND DEVELOPMENT
ACCULTURATION ROLE
MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT
A UNIQUE INVESTMENT
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13. PART III- NATIONAL SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
1. COMMON STRUCTURE
2. NATIONAL CURRICULAR FRAMEWORK
3. MINIMUM LEVEL OF EDUCATION
4. LIFE LONG EDUCATION
5. EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES
6. CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SYSTEM
7. LINK AND REGIONAL LANGUAGE
8. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9. NATIONAL SUPPORT
10. INTER- REGIONAL MOBILITY
11. INSTITUTIONS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE

14. PART IV : EDUCATION FOR EQUALITY
SCHEDULED CASTES
SCHEDULED TRIBES
EDUCATIONALLY BACKWARD AREAS & SECTIONS
HANDICAPPED
WOMEN
MINORITIES
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15. V:REORGANISATION OF EDUCATION AT DIFFERENT STAGES
1. EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND EDUCATION(ECCE)
2. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
3. SECONDARY EDUCATION
4. HIGHER EDUCATION INCLUDING NON - FORMAL EDUCATION
5. VOCATIONALISATION
6. OPEN UNIVERSITY AND DISTANCE LEARNING

16. PART VI:TECHNICAL AND MANAGEMENT EDUCATION
- ROLE DEFINITION
- THE CHANGING ENVIROMENT: PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING
- INSTITUTIONAL THRUSTS
- INNOVATION,RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- PROMOTING EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS AT ALL LEVELS
- TO PROMOTE EXCELLENCE
- MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS TO COPE WITH CHANGE

17. PART VII: MAKING THE SYSTEM WORK
TEACHERS' GREATER ACCOUNTABILITY
IMPROVE STUDENTS' SERVICES
THRESHOLD OF FACILITIES TO INSTITUTIONS
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF INSTITUTIONS AT NATIONAL
OR STATE LEVEL
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18. PART VIII- REORIENTING THE CONTENT AND PROCESS
OF EDUCATION
- THE CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
- VALUE EDUCATION
- LANGUAGES
- BOOKS AND LIBRARIES
- MEDIA AND EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
- WORK EXPERIENCE
- EDUCATION AND ENVIRONMENT
- POPULATION EDUCATION
- MATHEMATICS TEACHING
- SCIENCE EDUCATION
- SPORTS AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- YOGA
- ROLE OF YOUTH
- THE EVALUATION PROCESS AND EXAMINATION REFORM

19. PART IX : THE TEACHER
TEACHER
- methods of recruiting teachers will be reorganised to ensure
merit and objectivity
- Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers
- upgrading teacher training colleges
TEACHER EDUCATION
- overhauling of system of teacher education
- District Institutes of Education and Training (DIET) to be
established
- networking between university departments and teacher
education institutes to be established

20. PART X: THE MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION
- NATIONAL LEVEL
- INDIAN EDUCATION SERVICE
- STATE LEVEL
- DISTRICY AND LOCAL LEVL
- VOLUNTARY AGENCIES AND AIDED INSTITUTIONS
- REDRESS OF GRIEVANCES

21. PART XI : RESOURCES AND REVIEW
(EVERY 5 YEARS)
SOURCES
• MOBILISATION OF DONATIONS
• SAVINGS FROM EFFICIENT USE OF RESOURCES
• MOTIVATION OF ORGANISATIONS OF RESEARCH
• USE MONEY FOR FACILITIES
• RAISING FEE IN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

22. PART XII:THE FUTURE
TO ENSURE THAT THOSE
AT THE TOP OF THE PYRAMID
ARE THE BEST

23. CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF NPE, 1986
FAVOURABLE POINTS
1. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT THROUGH EDUCATION
2. COMMON STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION
3. HIGHER VALUES OF LIFE
4. LINK DEVELOPMENT WITH NATIONAL UNITY
5. FAIRNESS OF ADMISSION BY NTS
6. EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
7. MINIMUM ESSENTIAL FACILITIES IN PRIMARY
SCHOOLS
8. PACE SETTING SCHOOLS
9. VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION
10. DELINKING JOBS FROM DEGREES

24. FAVOURABLE POINTS(contd.)
11.NEW PROGRAMMES FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
12.REORIENTING CONTENT AND PROCESS OF
EDUCATION
13.ESTABLISHMENT OF DIETS
14.RECRUITMENT OF TEACHERS ON MERIT BASIS
15.MANAGEMENT OF EDUCATION AT DIFFERENT
LEVELS
 UNION
 STATE
 DISTRICT
 LOCAL

25. LIMITATIONS OF NPE , 1986
NEIGHBOURHOOD SCHOOL PROGRAMME IGNORED
RESERVATION OF SC , ST CASUALLY MENTIONED
ROLES OF AUTHORITIES NOT MENTIONED
FINANCIAL MATTERS VAGUE
TARGETS IN REFORMS NOT FIXED
PRIVATE SECTOR - NOTHING MENTIONED

26. PROBLEMS/ SUGGESTIONS
HALF HEARTED IMPLEMENTATION
NEED OF MONITORING SUPERVISION AND SUPPORT
CONTRADICTIONS & CONTROVERSIES
NEED OF SPELLING OUT POLICIES CORRECTLY
UNRELIABLE DATA
NEED FOR RELEVANT FORECASTS AND PROJECTIONS
POOR LINKAGE AMONG DIFFERENT LEVELS
NEED OF HOLISTIC APPROACH

27. Implementation of NPE 1986
• Operation blackboard
Restructuring & reorganization of teacher
education
Non formal education
Vocationalisation of education

28. MERITS OF NPE’86
• 1) Deep concern had been shown by the
prime minister in formulation of NPE.
2) The nation wide debate was conducted
for the formulation of the policy.
3) The program of action was checked
out.
4) The ministry of education was renamed
as Ministry of Human Resource
Development (MHRD).

29. SALIENT FEATURES OF NPE’86
• 1) Important role of education.
2) National system of education.
3) Education for equality.
4) Reorganization of education at different
levels.
5) Making the system work.

30. • 1) Important role of education
All round development
Developing Man-Power
A unique investment

31. • 2) National system of education
Concept of national system
Common educational structure
Understanding cultural & social system
National support for implementing programs.
• There is a common educational structure 10+2+3)
followed all over the country.
School education 10+2
Pre primary FOR 1 YEAR) Primary GRADE 1-5)
Middle GRADE 6-8)
Secondary GRADE 9-10)
Senior Secondary GRADE 11-12)

32. • 3) Education for equality.
For women
For SC & ST
For other educationally backward sections & minorities
For handicapped
This policy is especially for Indian women, Scheduled Tribes ST) and the
Scheduled Caste SC) communities. To achieve these, the policy called for
expanding scholarships, adult education, recruiting more teachers from the
SCs, incentives for poor families to send their children to school regularly,
development of new institutions and providing housing and services
EDUCATION FOR ALL
The current scheme for universalization of Education for All is the SARVA
SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is one of the largest education initiatives in the
world.
The government is committed to providing education through mainstream
schools for children with disabilities.
The need for inclusive education arises precisely because it is now well
understood that most children with disabilities can, with motivation and effort
on the part of teaching institutions, become an integral part of those
institutions.

33. • 4) Reorganization of education at different levels
Early childhood care & education
Primary education
Secondary education
Vocationalisation of education
Higher education
The Indian government lays great emphasis to primary education up to the
age of fourteen years Education has also been made free for children for six
to 16 years of age. Private schools shall admit at least 25% of the children
in their schools without any fee.
The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the popular name for school meal programmed
in India. It involves provision of lunch free of cost to school-children on all
working days with an objective to:
increase school enrolment and attendance, improve socialization among
children belonging to all castes and addressing malnutrition.
Role of NPE in Secondary Education
The NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and
technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as yoga
into the Indian secondary school system.

34. • 5) Making the system work
A better deal to teachers with greater
accountability
Provision of improved student services
Provision of better facilities of institutions
Creating of a system of performance as
per the national level

35. Conclusion
• NPE is best policy for the development of
education in remote areas especially for SC, ST,
Handicapped, backward, minorities and women.
Indian govt. introduced it for the development of
nation and they got success on large extent.
People come closer by the help of education and
now just because of this policy India’s education
system is third largest system among all nations.

36. National Policy On Education (1986)
OR
NPE 1986
by Dr.C.Thanavathi