Plagiarism and its consequences dr.c.thanavathi

Plagiarism and its
Consequences
Dr.C.Thanavathi
Assistant Professor of History,
V.O.C.College of Education,
Thoothukudi - 628008.
Tamil Nadu. India.
9629256771
cthanavathi.tuty@gmail.com
thanavathic@thanavathi-edu.in
http://thanavathi-edu.in/index.html

What is plagiarism?
What is plagiarism?
(And why you should care!)
copying, piracy, counterfeiting,
theft, borrowing, cribbing, passing off

Origin of Plagiarism
Origin of Plagiarism
• The word began to be used in the
English language sometime during
the 1600s.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 8

Did You Know?
Did You Know?
The word “plagiarism” is derived from
the Latin word “plagiarius”, which
means to kidnapper or plunderer.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 9

Definition:
Definition:
Plagiarism is the presenting the words,
ideas, images, sounds, or the
creative expression of others as your
own.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 10

According To “Dictionary.com”
• “an act or instance of using or closely
imitating the language And thoughts of
another author without authorization
and the representation of that author's
work as one's own, as by not crediting
the original author”
• “a piece of writing or other work
reflecting such unauthorized use or
imitation”
Dr.C.Thanavathi 11

Students, If:
Students, If:
• you have included
the words and
ideas of others in
your work that you
neglected to cite,
You have probably plagiarized!
Dr.C.Thanavathi 13

Two types of plagiarism:
Two types of plagiarism:
• Intentional
• Consciously done..
• Copying a friend’s work
• Buying or borrowing
papers
• Cutting and pasting
blocks of text from
electronic sources
without documenting
• Media “borrowing”
without documentation
• Unintentional
• Unconsciously
done..
• Careless paraphrasing
• Poor documentation
• Failure to use your own
“voice”
Dr.C.Thanavathi 14

Other types of plagiarism
Other types of plagiarism
• Copying text "as is" without quotation marks and with no
citation or source.
• Reordering the elements of the source text without citation.
• Copying pieces (sentences, key phrases) of the source text
without citation.
• Paraphrasing without citation
• Reproducing information that is not common knowledge or
self evident without citation.
• Incorporating an idea heard in conversation without citation.
• Paying for another to contribute to your work without citation.
• Using software or online translators to translate material
without citation.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 15

Excuses
Excuses
It’s okay if
I don’t get caught!
I was too busy to
write that paper!
(Job, big game, too much homework!)
My teachers
expect
too much!
I’ve got to get
into a
certain college.!
My parents
expect “A”s!
This assignment
was BORING!
Everyone does it!
Dr.C.Thanavathi 16

The reasons behind plagiarism…
The reasons behind plagiarism…
It is said that Smart peoples do this plagiarism….
because,
• The Writing Issue
It is not true that one can be a very good writer if he is
good in other fields.
• The Pressure Factor
The people who are seen intelligent and famous has
got lots of pressures of doing many things.
• Hubris
The most important and intelligent peoples are unseen.
usually others don’t believe that they can do anything
wrong.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 17

Plagiarism is a serious offense and can lead to
failing grades or suspension from school.
Plagiarism is a serious offense and can lead to
failing grades or suspension from school.
• The consequences are not
worth the risks!
• It is only right to give credit
to authors whose ideas you
use
• Citing makes it possible for
your readers to locate your
source
• Cheating is unethical
behavior
Is your academic
reputation valuable
to you?
Dr.C.Thanavathi 19

Real life consequences:
Real life consequences:
• Plagiarism at UVA—
45 students dismissed, 3 graduate
degrees revoked
• CNN Article AP. 26 Nov. 2001
• Channel One Article AP. 27 Nov. 2002
Dr.C.Thanavathi 20

Consequences (cont’d)
Consequences (cont’d)
• New York Times senior reporter Jayson
Blair forced to resign after being accused
of plagiarism and fraud.
• “The newspaper said at least 36 of the 73
articles he had written had problems with
accuracy, calling the deception a "low
point" in the newspaper's history.”
“New York Times Exposes Fraud of Own Reporter.” ABC
News Online. 12 May, 2003.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/newshour_index.html
Dr.C.Thanavathi 21

Possible school consequences:
Possible school consequences:
• “0” on the assignment
• Failing a class?
• Receiving a lower
grade?
• Parent notification
• Referral to
administrators
• Suspension or
dismissal from school
activities--sports and
extracurricular
Dr.C.Thanavathi 22

Consequences of Plagiarism
• Destroyed Student Reputation
• Destroyed Professional Reputation
• Destroyed Academic Reputation
• Legal Repercussions
• Monetary Repercussions
• Plagiarized Research
Dr.C.Thanavathi 23

It is very easy to recognize
plagiarism in any type of academic
paper these days. Different plagiarism
detection software is used to caught
plagiarism, so it is harder these days
for plagiarized writing to stay
unrecognized these days.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 24

• If you have an idea in any type of a
text that may look like it has been
plagiarized from some other paper, it
may be better to use a rephrasing
tool instead.
• In an institution like Cambridge your
text will definitely be checked with
plagiarism software.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 25

• Students of universities like Oxford
can get strict penalties for plagiarism
if they are caught. You don't want to
have any problems associated with it
because it can have bad
consequences for you and your
career.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 26

• There are a lot of different issues that
plagiarism in your writing can cause.
• Here are some of the worst:
- the damaged reputation of a student
- your writing in a future won't be taken
seriously and will always be checked
for plagiarism
Dr.C.Thanavathi 27

• - you will get a warning from your
institution
• - text can be returned for editing
• - your marks can be reduced as a
penalty
• - you may get an additional
assignment
Dr.C.Thanavathi 28

• - you may need to rewrite your text
completely
• - you will fail your course
• - a student can get suspended from a
course
• - suspended from university or
college
Dr.C.Thanavathi 29

• - expelled from the institution
• - copyright and legal issues
• - a plagiarist can get sued by the
original author
• - paying penalties for your plagiarism
• - a member of an academic
community can lose his job because
Dr.C.Thanavathi 30

• Text rephrasing can be hard to do by
yourself, but fortunately, you can find
a lot of different rephrasing services
and tools online that will do this task
for you.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 31

• One of the consequences of
plagiarism in an academic paper is
that it can damage the reputation of a
student.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 32

• A student can be suspended or even
expelled from his course in a
university or college. You do not want
to lose an opportunity to study at the
institution like Massachusetts
because of the plagiarism in your
writing.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 33

• One of the other consequences of
plagiarism is that your work may be
returned for rewriting.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 34

• You do not want your whole work to
be returned because of a couple of
sentences that you borrowed from
some other source.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 35

• This is why it can be helpful to use an
online rephrasing service for the
rephrasing of the texts that have
already been published.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 36

• You can find an online rephraser tool
to help make text with ideas that have
already been covered in other works
look unique and don't have issues
with plagiarism.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 37

• Rephrasing tool online used by a lot
of Princeton students to write their
essays and research papers
Dr.C.Thanavathi 38

• Anytime when you use another
person's material in your work you
should cite and reference all of the
sources according to the rules.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 39

• You should know all the rules of
citing and referencing to do it
correctly. You can find this
information in different guides and
books.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 40

• There are a lot of different books you
can read about correct formatting of
your papers to avoid plagiarism
issues. This book can be a great one
to start.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 41

• Visit this website for more information
rephrasingonline.com
Dr.C.Thanavathi 42

How to avoid plagiarism
How to avoid plagiarism
• Quote and cite phrases, sentences,
and paragraphs taken directly from
the original source.
• Quote and cite statistics, charts,
graphs and drawings taken directly
from the original source.
• When you paraphrase or summarize,
give credit to the original author.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 43

• Understand what plagiarism is
• Be familiar in the area that you are talking
about
• Restate the subject to yourself a couple of
times
• Reference your quotes and sources
• When in doubt, give credit
• Understand some basics about copyright
• Understand what doesn't need to be cited
Dr.C.Thanavathi 44

Do I have
to cite
everything?
Question:
Dr.C.Thanavathi 45

Answer: YES!!
Answer: YES!!
Except –
• When you use your own words
• When the fact used is common knowledge.
What makes it “common knowledge”?
If you can find the same information in at least 3
different sources, you don’t have to cite it.
Ex. George Washington
wore wooden dentures.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 46

What’s the big deal?
What’s the big deal?
Dr.C.Thanavathi 47

You can “borrow” from the
works of others in your
own work! Be very
careful.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 48

Use these three strategies,
Use these three strategies,
• Quoting
• Paraphrasing
• Summarizing
To blend source materials in with your own,
making sure your own voice is heard.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 49

Quoting
Quoting
Quotations are the exact words of an
author, copied directly from a
source, word for word. Quotations
must be cited!
Carol Rohrbach and Joyce Valenza
Dr.C.Thanavathi 50

Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing means putting someone else’s words or
ideas into your own words.
Although you are using your own words, the ideas are
taken from someone else and must be cited on your
Works-Cited page.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 51

Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing is not simply
rearranging or rewording an original
passage.
• You have to understand what the
author is saying and write the ideas
entirely in your own words.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 52

Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing
• Give the author credit when you
quote or paraphrase.
• “According to Jim Carty, the CATS
are ranked fourth in backcourts this
year with Rondo, Sparks, Crawford,
Bradley, and Moss.”
Dr.C.Thanavathi 53

HOW TO PARAPHRASE
HOW TO PARAPHRASE
• Paraphrasing: Successful paraphrasing is to use
your own words
• Read the text you want to paraphrase several
times
• Change the language style.
Restructure/rearrange/merged sentences
• Try to write in your own words rather than copy &
paste
• Use synonyms of words/rewording (mouse click)
• Active voice/passive voice
Dr.C.Thanavathi 54

EXAMPLE OF PARAPHRASE SYSTEM
EXAMPLE OF PARAPHRASE SYSTEM
• Original sentence : Research was
designed to reduce herbicide use by
replacing POST herbicides with readily
available ocean water to control weeds in
turf grasses
• Paraphrase sentence : The study was
planned to decrease herbicide application
by substituting POST herbicides with
cheap sea water for weed management in
turf area/field
Dr.C.Thanavathi 55

As you take notes:
As you take notes:
• Include page numbers and source
references so you can go back and
check for accuracy as you write.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 56

DON’T
DON’T
• Cut and paste from any source
• Use another student’s work as your
own
• Just change a few words from any
source for your paper
• Turn in a paper you wrote for another
class
Dr.C.Thanavathi 57

A Plagiarist is:
A Plagiarist is:
• Too careless
• Too lazy
• Too dishonest
• TO DO A GOOD JOB!
• By Cindy Nottage
Dr.C.Thanavathi 58

You can prevent plagiarism
(stealing words and ideas).
You can prevent plagiarism
(stealing words and ideas).
• All you need to do is:
• Take notes—put in your own words.
• If you do copy words, put “ ” around
them and footnote whose words they
are.
• Keep track of EVERY resource you
use!
• Cite all of your sources at the end of
your work.
Dr.C.Thanavathi 59

Works Cited
Works Cited
• “Boston Columnist Resigns Amid New Plagiarism Charges.”
CNN.com 19 Aug. 1998 3 March 2003
<http://www.cnn.com/US/9808/19/barnicle/>
• Fain, Margaret. “Internet Paper Mills.” Kimbal Library. 12 Feb.
2003. <http://www.coastal.edu/library/mills2.htm>
• Lathrop, Ann and Kathleen Foss. Student Cheating and
Plagiarism in the Internet Era. Englewood, CO: Libraries
Unlimited, 2000.
• Lewis, Mark. “Doris Kearns Goodwin And The Credibility Gap.”
Forbes.com 2 Feb. 2002.
<http://www.forbes.com/2002/02/27/0227goodwin.html>
• “New York Times Exposes Fraud of own Reporter.” ABC News
Online. 12 May, 2003.
<http://www.pbs.org/newshour/newshour_index.html>
• Sabato, Larry J. “Joseph Biden's Plagiarism; Michael Dukakis's
'Attack Video' – 1988.” Washington Post Online. 1998. 3 March
2002. <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
srv/politics/special/clinton/frenzy/biden.htm>
Dr.C.Thanavathi 62

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