Report

Content:
1. Introduction
2. A Town, Investigation on Better Township or Town or City Guidelines and
Issues
3. Investigation & Data Collection: The present towns/cities
4. Investigation & Data Collection: The future and better township
5. The New “X” Town / Neptune City
6. The Conclusion
7. References list
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1.Introduction
We must learn from history by investigating ancient cities. We must also
learn about modern cities and understand the traits of an ideal city.
Moreover, we must think of solutions to solve problems of present cities.
Therefore, we must think of proposal of a new city in Malaysia. The
citizens must obviously be Malaysians with the population of 200,000 to
400,000 citizens. The knowledge gained through researching will guide
in planning a better city.
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2.The City
2.1 Definition of a city
A city is an inhabitant place of a relatively large size. It is a place where
a numerous amount of people living together. Buildings and streets can be
found everywhere. It is the center of commerce, culture, and population
where humans settle down permanently to live in and work.
Generally, a city consists of many different systems for utilities,
sanitation, housing, transportation, and land usage. It incorporates
government, politics and diplomacy to run the city and to keep law and order.
2.2 What is the brief history?
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During the Palaeolithic Era, the humans at that his lived as nomads,
meaning they are always on the move. They only build temporary homes and
obtain food by hunting and gathering.
During the Neolithic Era, the humans at that time could stay in one
place as the Earth warmed. They decided to give up their nomadic lifestyle and
settle down permanently. People learned to grow their own crops, rather than
hunt and search for food.
During the Bronze and Iron Ages, humans at that time learn to make
tools out of the bronze and iron materials. These tools were used to build
homes and also rafts. Trading activities were introduced. From there onwards,
a complex society was formed.
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As the humans evolved, the human settlement evolved. Villages becomes
towns, towns becomes cities. Cities today are far more complex and enhanced
compared to the ancient period.
2.3 What makes a city?
The common things that makes a city is having a long history, for
example when and how the city was developed dating from the ancient
period.
A large population, as cities tend to be more inhabitant rather than
outside the city areas. Many people choose to live in the city because of its
complete variety of public facilities.
Other than that, a center where business and local government can take
place, town or city privileges which have been given by the government of the
country or its ruler.
A city or town ordinarily has a place of worship; religious buildings
such as a mosque, church or a temple, and educational facilities; such as
universities, colleges or schools.
Generally what makes a city are, roads, sanitation, water and electrical
supply, food distribution, and transportation.
2.4 What makes a good city?
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A good city, should have a safe and healthy environment for people to
live in. More trees should be planted everywhere and incorporate the care of
city green spaces such as various types of parks in the city.
In the city, automobiles can be found everywhere, therefore causing air
pollution produced from the exhaust fumes that may impact on human health.
By using alternative transport systems such as LRT and monorails, air pollution
can be reduced.
Besides that, a good city should have a maintained sewage system. Large
volumes of uncollected waste will create numerous health hazards. Therefore,
a good city should have a private-public partnerships to provide services such
as waste disposal and housing.
Every second, the population of the human race grows intensively
which may lead to poverty as local governments are unable to provide services
for all people. A good city would involve the local community in the local
government.
Furthermore, a fair governance and human rights should be
incorporated. A good city should also have a strong system of law, security and
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defense policy. Public and private educational facilities such as schools,
universities, and colleges should be provided.
2.5 What are the future cities?
In the coming years the population will grow. This will cause problems
in terms of environment and social. Fortunately, the lives of the people living
in the future cities can be improved. The impact of this growth on the
environment can be reduced by the future technologies that improves the
efficiency and effectiveness of the future cities. With the future technology,
infrastructure and public data, cities can innovative applications and
information products that make possible sustainable modes of city living and
working.
A future city would handle every aspect of disaster resistant building,
from large town sized buildings to small dwellings. It also discusses other
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disasters, such as poor air quality, asteroid strikes and volcanic and
Earthquakes.
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3.Investigation & Data Collection:
Ancient Cities
3.1 When did the ancient city began?
In the ancient time, a city is described as an urban center of an
abundance population and a certain pattern of buildings spreading out from a
religious compound, for example a temple. The word “city” derives from the
Latin word, civitas. Professor M. E. Smith of Arizona State University writes in
The Sage Encyclopedia of Urban Studies, "The demographic definition, based
on the concepts of Louis Wirth, identifies cities as large, dense settlements with
social heterogeneity", which means it is defined as a large community of
people who decided to live together for a common purpose under laws
observed by all.
The ancient cities began developing in the Mesopotamian region
between 4500 and 3100 BCE. Uruk city, considered the oldest in the world,
developed in 4500 BCE. Eridu city was considered the first city in the world by
the Sumerians while other cities such as Byblos, Jericho, Damascus, Aleppo,
Jerusalem, Sidon, Luoyang, Athens, Argos, and Varasani also claimed as the
first city. These cities are evidently ancient. Uruk however, asserts as the oldest
city because it has physical evidence and written documentation in the form of
cuneiform texts, recording the community activities from the early date.
Jericho, Sidon, and Eridu, which certainly settled before Uruk, unfortunately
lacks the documentation. Their age and progression of habitation was
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estimated based on the foundations of buildings by archaeological excavations
rather than documents found on site.
3.2 What ancient city are you concentrating on?
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The ancient city of Uruk. Presumably, it was the first ancient city that
started in the Mesopotamian region which was between 4500 and 3100 BCE.
The oldest city in the world, founded by King Enmerkar around 4500 BCE;
according to the Sumerian King List, and the ancient city was developed
sometime around that. This ancient city has physical evidence and written
documentation of cuneiform texts, stating the activities of the community from
the earliest time.
This city of Uruk was located in the southern region of Sumer, which
today is known as Warka, Iraq. The city was continuously inhabited from its
founding until 300 CE, when owing to both natural and man-made
influences, people began to desert the area. It laid abandoned and buried until
excavated in 1853 CE by William Loftus for the British Museum.
3.3 What makes it a significant city and what are the details?
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It is highly known for its great king, King Gilgamesh and the epic tale of
his quest for immortality and for the early developments of civilization which
took place there.
It is appraised as the first city in the world because of the origin of
writing, the first example of architectural work in the form of stones and its
building of significant stone structures, the origin of the ziggurat; which is a
form of terraced step pyramid of consecutively receding stories or levels, and
also the first development of the cylinder seal; which the ancient
Mesopotamians used to appoint personal property or as signature on
documents. The cylinder seal for the people of that time stood for one’s
reputation and personal identity.
3.4 Conclusion about the city
It is concluded that Uruk was famous for the capital city of Gilgamesh,
hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Aside from being one of the first cities, Uruk
was the main force of urbanization during the Uruk period (4000-3200 BC).
This period of 800 years evolved from small, agricultural villages to a larger
urban center with a full time bureaucracy, military, and stratified society.
It is also concluded that highly organizational forms of the ancient city
life were developed in Uruk. Writings and archives were among the things
that were discovered there. It is a sophisticated economic and administrative
system. Uruk also has the first monumental constructions in architectural
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history. Some parts of the city was composed of courtyard houses, grouped by
profession of the occupants, in districts around Eanna and Anu.
Furthermore, Uruk was very well penetrated by a canal system. This
canal system flowed throughout the city connecting it with the maritime trade
on the ancient Euphrates River as well as the surrounding agricultural belt.
3.5 What information or element that you can use to your new future
city?
Uruk was surrounded by a massive wall, more than 9 kilometers long,
which according to tradition was built by the orders of the Epic King
Gilgamesh. Walls have traditionally been built for defense, privacy, and to
protect the people of a certain region from the danger posed by outsiders.
Therefore, I can use this element to build walls around my future city for
defense, privacy, and protection of the people.
Uruk, is a city dominated by monumental mud brick buildings
decorated with mosaics of painted clay cones embedded in the walls, and
extraordinary works of art. Therefore, I can use this element of architectural
work of art and implement it on my future city.
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4. Investigation & Data Collection:
Present City
4.1 When did the present city began?
In 1913, it was roughly estimated that 10% of the world's population
lived in the city. In the present day, it has increased by 40% more. By 2050, it
is estimated that it will increase again to 75%.
This will create a great impact on the cities' resources. Today, the cities
are finding ways to resolve this upcoming problem in the future for a better
life for the present and future generation.
4.2 What present city are you concentrating on?
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The city of Dubai. It is located on the northern tip of the United Arab
Emeritus. This city has been ruled by the Al-Maktoum dynasty since 1833 and
existed in its modern state since 1971. Mohammed bin Rashid Al-Maktoum is
now the current ruler and also the prime minister and vice president of the
United Arab Emirates.
The city has a population of 1.6 million people and a 37 billion USD
economy based largely on trade, manufacturing and financial services. In the
past few years, the city has gained world wide attention because of its
prosperous economy and architectural projects. A focus on business and
tourism, the city is continuously increasing construction. There are more new
projects to come.
4.3 What makes it a significant city and what are the details?
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Dubai is one of the fastest growing cities in the world. Today it is a
tourism, trade and logistics hub. It is also considered as one of the most
attractive and impressive architectural buildings for sightseeing in the world.
Dubai is the home to over 2 million people from more than 200
nationalities and is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world. It is safe,
politically stable, centrally located, has a good education system and
healthcare facilities, modern infrastructure and others. The shopping and
leisure facilities are impressive, and the salaries are tax-free.
Dubai is always on the move, with more projects waiting in line to be
implemented, striving for greater heights and more facilities and comfort. It is
definitely the city of the 21st century.
4.4 Conclusion about the city
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It is concluded that architectural innovations and technological
challenges are the recurrent themes in the development of this city.
Artificial islands in the form of giant palms; The Palm, or the globe; The
World, shelter apartments, villas, hotels and luxury shops, and a gigantic
waterfront; Dubai Waterfront. Awe inspiring attraction parks; Dubailand.
Sports complex; Dubai Sports City, an underwater hotel entirely assembled in
Germany has been submerged off the coast of Dubai.
Moreover, there are many more buildings, yet to be implemented. Even
without the upcoming buildings, this city is complete with everything the
human population desires in the 21st
century.
4.5 What information or element that you can use to your new city?
The city of Dubai shows that tourism may bring a huge income to the
country. Therefore, I can use this element to attract and encourage tourists
from all over the world by planning a city that has awe inspiring attractions in
the terms of architectural buildings such as shopping malls, hotels, parks and
so on.
Dubai seems to be a city that is rich in its culture. Therefore, I can use
this element to be implemented in my future city. Furthermore, buildings and
places of worship of all religion will be built to show and support the needs of
all the races.
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5.Investigation & Data Collection:
The future of towns and Better Towns
Japan
The Japanese government is developing an environmental friendly "FutureCity" Initiative
(FCI), launched in 2011.
Over the years, the human populations have increased significantly and increase
around 6.4 billion in 2050, comprising around 70% of the world's population. The rapid
growth is seen in developing nations in regions such as Asia and Africa, causing multiple
environmental and urban problems. The challenge of realizing a prosperous life without
increasing the burden on the environments is a common issue for humanity.
Japan is already facing challenges that other countries will be facing in the future.
One of the problems now is the decreasing birthrate and the rapid aging of its human
population. It is estimated that in 2050, seniors over the age of 65 will comprise 40% of the
human population. It is a crucial duty for Japan to perceive cities that maintain their social
life so that senior citizens can live content, healthy and secure. In the future, countries
starting in Asia, are estimated to experience the same challenge of an aging society. Japan's
experiences in handling this problem will give example and lessons on this common
challenge for other countries.
To transform a city into a source of social energy, it is especially important for
stakeholders to mutually recognize the problems, organize them in a comprehensive way,
and think about frameworks that help common human challenges such as environmental
problems, aging, and to revitalize economies and societies.
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Japan's Revitalization Strategy
Concept of the Initiative
FCI's basic concept is to create cities that embrace new friendly people, in order to
deal with environmental issues and the aging society. Its purpose is to solve problems being
faced by Japan and the world such as global warming, resource and energy constraints, and
aging societies through establishing sustainable social and economic systems and
recovering social solidarity. At the same time increasing the quality of life and make a good
city for people to live.
It is a necessity to take environmental, social and economic values into
consideration, to realize a sustainable society. A Future City where everyone would want to
live in and enjoy vitality is defined as a city where environmental, social and economic
values are being unprecedentedly upgraded.
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Requirements for Future Cities
Every FCI city has to make a decision; a strategic future vision with the purpose of
maximizing and enhancing the environmental, social and economic values. When setting
up the future vision, it is a necessity to set the vision in a way that fully incorporates each
city's diverse and unique features that rises from its natural and social characteristics.
Every city has a requirement; to handle the challenges of the environment and aging
society, and to take on extra challenges in areas that can enhance their originality and
parallel advantages in cooperation with other cities in Japan and other cities. It is essential
to collect worldwide intelligence by taking in information on other cites' successes from all
over the world. The FCI is not an experiment, but a process aiming at innovation in socio-
economic systems that continuously creates new values for the people.
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The FCI Promotion Scheme
FCI project management is needed at three levels; how to effectively promote the FCI
as a whole on the national level, how to manage all projects at the individual city level, and
how to grasp progress at the individual project level. Steady project management using the
plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle at each level increases the rate for success.
Strong and quick acting executive authorities are important to create successful
cases. The national government will give advice to FCI cities and establish a system to
promote coordinated financing, deregulation and various reforms. Each selected city is
expected to form corporations, citizens, universities and local governments.
Strengthening cooperation among cities can improve and speed up the success of
projects. The national government will construct an international intellectual platform by
collecting, arranging and analyzing worldwide successful cases, disseminating the
information, and arranging opportunities for intellectual exchanges.
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About the Eco-Model City Initiative
The Eco-Model City initiative was designed to demonstrate the image of the low
carbon society that Japan aspires to be in future. 13 cities were selected to take the
challenge of pioneering approaches with goals aimed at realizing a low carbon society.
Those cities created specific Action Plans to achieve its goals and moving ahead
accordingly while receiving advice from the Eco-Model City Evaluation and Research
Review Commission. These model cities have been endeavoring to implement their action
plans in a cross-sectional manner and take a thorough approach to overcome the barriers
between various stakeholders. They are also cooperating with citizens and private
organizations to generate vitality in their cities of a low carbon society, and working to
become models for municipalities nationwide.
Between growing concern about energy issues due to the Great East Japan
Earthquake, it has become more important to further spread information about the efforts
being made by Eco-Model Cities towards developing low carbon societies. Therefore, in
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2012, an extra selection of seven more Eco-Model Cities were made, with three more in
2013.
Further Development of the FCI
To encourage other municipalities around the nation to take on the challenge,
"FutureCities Promotion Council for the Eco-Cities/FutureCity Initiatives" was set up. In the
Council's discussions, three more eco-model cities, Niseko Town in Hokkaido, Ikoma City of
Nara Prefecture, and Oguni Town in Kumamoto Prefecture, were added on March 2014,
expanding the targeted cities.
The FCI will exert to create successful cases that resolve issues related to the
environment and aging population, common issues throughout the world in the 21st
century by technology, socioeconomic systems, services, business models and city
rejuvenation.
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Initiatives by Future Cities
 Higashimatsushima City
Higashimatsushima Strives for Creative Future
 Toyama City
Toyama City Works Toward Compact City Utilizing Public Transportation
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6.The New “X” City - Neptune
6.1 How did you came up with the solution to create this new town?
Neptune City
I have always liked the aquatic marine life. So I thought of a floating
city, out on the sea. To build on land means that the rainforests need to be
logged, causing a disturbance to the natural habitat of the animals living in the
rainforest. Furthermore, Malaysia is a small country, meaning the land is
limited. So I came up with an idea to build a city, floating out on the sea
surrounded by the aquatic marine life. It is definitely a new and interesting
environment to live on a floating city out on the sea. I decided to name the city
after a Roman mythology, god of the sea, “Neptune”. Therefore, the new name
for the city is; Neptune City.
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6.2 What are the important characteristic and elements?
• Green - Green areas
• Dark Orange - Residential areas
• Pink - Tourism areas
• Light Blue - Business and Commercial areas
• Dark Blue - Police and Navy areas
• Red - Hospital
• Dark Purple - Educational area
• Light Purple - Hotel
• Light Orange - Agricultural and Fishery area
• Brown - Industrial area
• Black - Port and Shipping area
• Silver - Religious and Culture area
• Yellow - Services area
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6.3 Conclusion about Neptune City
The city of Neptune in my opinion is a well thought of city. It is because
I have incorporated the green planet concept, with a mixture of modern and
ancient architecture. Furthermore, it is a strategic location for job
opportunities as well as investors and property buyers. The green planet
concept will definitely provide a healthy living to the people. The art and
design of the architectural buildings will definitely catch attention from
around the world.
As the mayor of the city of Neptune, I hope that the citizens of Neptune
city will enjoy and live a prosperous and a healthy life.
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7.Conclusion
As human beings living on Earth, it has been a critical time for us as the
years passed by. While the demand of the natural global resources is greatly
increasing, the resources unfortunately has, and is still continuously degrading
terribly. And so, as considerate human beings, we need to encourage ourselves
and and others to change the world in to a better place for the present and
future generations.
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8.Reference Links
1. http://www.ancient.eu/uruk/
2. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/city
3. http://www.ancient.eu/city/
4. http://crcresearch.org/case-studies/case-studies-sustainable-infrastructure/land-
use-planning/what-makes-a-city-liveable
5. http://www.residentsassociations.co.uk/latest-articles/your-community/what-
makes-a-country-great.html
6. http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/City
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City
8. http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/urban-threats2/
9. http://designmind.frogdesign.com/articles/envisioning-the-city-of-the-future.html
10. http://www.vagabond-unlimited.co.uk/#!future-towns/c19bv
11. http://www.art.net/~hopkins/Don/simcity/manual/history.html
12. http://visiting.definitelydubai.com/why-dubai
13. http://www.japanfs.org/en/projects/future_city/index.html
14. http://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1525826
15. http://www.baharash.com/how-dubai-will-become-the-worlds-most-sustainable-
city/
16. http://www.crystalinks.com/uruk.html
17. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/uruk/hd_uruk.htm
18. http://www.mysterra.org/webmag/dubai-city.html
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