2. It’s really
more than
one question.
1. What does it do?
2. Why do we need it?
- Where is it used?
- When is it used?
3. Who is it for?
4. How does it fit into what I already
know and am already doing?
5. What else
does xAPI do?
Answer #2
It records more (learning)
experiences to give a more
rich picture of development.
6. q Tour
q Explore benefit package
q Meet actual people
q Attend webinar
q Attend a class
q Rate your experience
q Complete online course
q Observe
q Receivecoaching
q Watch a video
q Follow a blog
q Read a book
Elearning: Welcome
Elearning: Log into LMS
Elearning: Plant tour
Class: Yourbenefits & you
Class: Using yourEmail
Elearning: Who’s who
Elearning:Ourcustomers
Class: Finance 101
Recorded webinar
Webinar
Multiple choice test
q Participate
q Job shadow
Class: Using the intranet
Company BCompany A
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
7. Why do we
need it?
• Learn more about the learning
experience
• Learn more about the
performance
• Correlate learning with
performance & results
• Offer more targeted training
• Support performance in better
ways
• Learn from others
• Share learning with others
• Compare performance and
learning across learners
• Deliver and track training outside
of the LMS
8. Where &
when do we
use it?
• It depends on your needs & goals.
• The following models are based on:
• The nature of the experience
• The nature of transactions
• The context of the situation
• The purpose for the evaluation
• Who the initiator of the
transaction is
9. The experience is …
Social
• Activity is (can be) shared
with and followed by others
• Activity is consumed
horizontally across the
organization
• Encourages learning from
others (high performers)
Personal
• Activity is (relatively)
private
• Activity is primarily
consumed by the learner
and vertically with leaders
S P
10. The transactions are…
Predictable
• We know the triggers and
when to expect them
• We know the possible
range of statements
Variable
• Triggers are “random” or at
least not prescribed
• Verbs and direct objects are
unknown until used
P V
11. The context is …
Learning
• Transactions document the
learning process and/or
performance simulations
• Source of transactions has
(often) been created by the
L&D team
Performance
• Transactions document
actual performance
• Source of transactions has
been created by (or in)
another source and sent to
or imported by the learning
system
L P
12. The initiator is …
The learner
• The learner
chooses when
to document
the experience.
An observer
• An observer
chooses when
to document
the experience.
The environment
• The experience is
documented
behind the scenes.
The learner may
not be overtly
aware of it.
L O E
13. The evaluation is …
Formative
• What do you know?
What don’t you know?
• Data is used to determine
learning gaps (and
ultimately fill them).
Summative
• What have you learned?
What can you do with it?
• Data used to certify that
learning has happened.
F S
15. q Tour
q Explore benefit package
q Meet actual people
q Attend webinar
q Attend a class
q Rate your experience
q Complete online course
q Observe
q Receivecoaching
q Watch a video
q Follow a blog
q Read a book
Elearning: Welcome
Elearning: Log into LMS
Elearning: Plant tour
Class: Yourbenefits & you
Class: Using yourEmail
Elearning: Who’s who
Elearning:Ourcustomers
Class: Finance 101
Recorded webinar
Webinar
Multiple choice test
q Participate
q Job shadow
Class: Using the intranet
Company BCompany A
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
16. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
The learning to do list
• Personal learning checklist
• The learner has a checklist of things to
accomplish as part of a curriculum.
• SCORM and non-SCORM items can be on
the checklist.
• Two-way communication with the LRS
means the learner can initiate some
checks, and others can be gathered
“hands-free.”
L
L
P
P
F
ersonal
redictable
earning
earner
ormative
17. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
The marauder’s map
• Leave a trail for later
• As the learner progresses through a large
body of knowledge, annotated
bookmarks mark a path for later.
• Others can see or follow the path.
• Comments can be analyzed for meaning.
• High performers can be followed.
• Creates a personalized & transferrable
performance support.
• L&D can see who uses what, what needs
to be changed.
L
L
V
S
?
ocial
ariable
earning
earner
18. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
The ultimate scoreboard
• Track performance that happened.
• Data that reflects actual results is fed
from a business system to the learning
system.
• It doesn’t actually track learning, it tracks
doing or the results of doing.
• It can be done at any time, including
historically.
• Typically this underpins work that is
performed in a system or in something
that’s tracked already.
E
P
P
P
S
ersonal
redictable
erformance
nvironment
ummative
19. Experienceis…Transactionsare..Contextis…Initiatoris…Evaluationis…
The Fitbit® of learning
• Track performance as it happens.
• As the learner is doing the work, activity
statements keep track of what’s
happening.
• It doesn’t actually track learning, it tracks
doing.
• It’s real time.
• Typically this underpins work that is
performed in a system or in something
that’s tracked already.
E
P
P
P
erformance
nvironment
F ormative
ersonal
redictable
20. Who is xAPI
for?
• Decision Makers
• Instructional Designers
• Developers
21. Claire read Business Writing for Professionals
John practiced frosting birthday cakes
Lindsey watched the Company History video
Luke completed Oil Change Upselling
Actor verb object
Actor verb object context
22. Anne wrote a blog post about local theatre
that got 45 views and 3 comments
Lindsey rated A2ATD event xAPI Technology
Competency @LearnShare
@MMTorrance 4 stars “coffee
rocked, room was cold”
Claire read Business Writing for Professionals
John practiced frosting birthday cakes
Josh watched the Company History video
Luke completed Oil Change Upselling
Cynthia completed Oil Change Upselling score 60%
Tonya simulated landing at DTW
Molly simulated landing at DTW in SimSuite #4 and
was rated 98% by Instructor
23. Where it gets
a little tricky
• Verbs need to mean the same thing
to everyone
(http://adlnet.gov/expapi/verbs/ind
ex.html or
https://registry.tincanapi.com/#)
• So much data, so little structure
24. SCORM is
“structured” SCORM has “buckets” for everything it
needs to store.. like an Excel
spreadsheet.
So where do you put “experience”
data? It doesn’t fit the mold!
Learner Course Time Score Status
Houck, R Compliance 101 28 M 85 Pass
Simpson, H Compliance 101 35 M 90 Pass
Torrance, M Compliance 101 26 M 70 Fail
25. xAPI is
“unstructured”
• Unlike SCORM, the system doesn’t
need to understand what data is
being stored ahead of time.
• This allows storage of information
that was previously impossible (or
really, really hard) to collect.
26.
27. How does it fit
into what I
already know
and am already
doing?
What questions do you have?
Who’d like help thinking
through an xAPI case for
their organization?
Editor's Notes
SCORM is just fine if everything you need to learn and track can be housed in your LMS. And you only learn when you’re connected to the internet and logged into the LMS.
I like to think of it as a grammar
Welcome to your new job. You’ve been hired into Company A or Company B.
Which new hire onboarding would you rather have?
Company A’s approach works when you’ve got a large number of people you care about tracking.
It doesn’t work so well if you want them to do too much in their first 2 weeks on the job – they’re just sitting and “being trained” … they’re not doing. If you can just pour knowledge into heads, this works.
And you can track completion rates, scores, participation, time spent in training – you know these raw stats at any point in time. That’s the beauty of your LMS.
Company A’s approach assumes that everything you need to learn can be done inside the LMS, or at least in a classroom where the instructor records your participation in the LMS.
Company B’s approach is a much more action-focused, experienced based way to learn. This is way more interesting, and way more effective. It works when you’re small – you don’t have a lot of people, you don’t care about tracking really carefully … because typically you can’t track this much stuff, this much variety, at scale … not without a lot of brute force programming. And that doesn’t give you much flexibility.
So which one is better?
Welcome to your new job. You’ve been hired into Company A or Company B.
Which new hire onboarding would you rather have?
Company A’s approach works when you’ve got a large number of people you care about tracking.
It doesn’t work so well if you want them to do too much in their first 2 weeks on the job – they’re just sitting and “being trained” … they’re not doing. If you can just pour knowledge into heads, this works.
And you can track completion rates, scores, participation, time spent in training – you know these raw stats at any point in time. That’s the beauty of your LMS.
Company A’s approach assumes that everything you need to learn can be done inside the LMS, or at least in a classroom where the instructor records your participation in the LMS.
Company B’s approach is a much more action-focused, experienced based way to learn. This is way more interesting, and way more effective. It works when you’re small – you don’t have a lot of people, you don’t care about tracking really carefully … because typically you can’t track this much stuff, this much variety, at scale … not without a lot of brute force programming. And that doesn’t give you much flexibility.
So which one is better?
Finbert the Gnome
what we pitched to BadBoy re: FAR regulations, ePub-It
John Crane
Altair
Lets go back to that structured/unstructured concept that Megan talked about..
Databases like to be neat and tidy.. A place for everything and everything has a place.
But we really can’t create a place for *anything*..
So xAPI is “unstructured” but not “illogical”…
We don’t NEED a course loaded in the system to understand data.. We don’t need to know ahead of time you’re going to send something.
This is an incredibly freeing concept – and one that throws a lot more onerous on ISD’s (I think that’s the right term?) to think about their data. We haven’t really had to do that before!