The first part of the lecture "Managing in a virtual environment"

1. PhD eng. Tomasz Stefaniuk
Managing in virtual environment
part 1. Becoming virtual

2. 2
I see the virtual world ...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHh82LwNcxA

3. 3
1. Becoming virtual - digital world and its influence for
our life
2. Becoming virtual - digital world and its influence for
business and economy
3. Virtual forms of work organization
4. Effectiveness factors in a virtual environment
5. Management of virtual international project
6. Implementation of the management functions in a
virtual environment
7. Communication in a virtual team
8. Modern information and communication tools used
in virtual forms of work organization
9. Virtual Talent Management
10. Customer Relationships Management in a virtual
environment
The course program:

5. Internet
• It is impossible today to imagine the world without the Internet: it
enables us to do things that only a few years ago would have been
unthinkable, and reaches every facet of our lives.
• The Internet change our lives, and all spheres of human activity—
society, politics, culture, and the economy.
• The Internet may even be changing the way our brains work, modifying
• the substrate of our memories and thoughts.

6. • It has revolutionized communications, to the extent that it is now our
preferred medium of everyday communication.
• In almost everything we do, we use the Internet.

7. • Ordering a pizza, buying a television, sharing a moment with a friend,
sending a picture over instant messaging.
• Before the Internet, if you wanted to keep up with the news, you had to
walk down to the newsstand when it opened in the morning and buy a
local edition reporting what had happened the previous day.
• But today a click or two is enough to read your local paper and any news
source from anywhere in the world, updated up to the minute.

8. • Information technologies have made fundamental change throughout
society, driving it forward from the industrial age to the networked era.
• In our world, global information networks are vital infrastructure—but in
what ways has this changed human relations?
• The Internet has changed business, education, government, healthcare,
and even the ways in which we interact with our loved ones—it has
become one of the key drivers of social evolution.

9. • The Internet has removed all communication barriers. Online, the
conventional constraints of space and time disappear and there is a
dizzyingly wide range of communicative possibilities.
• The impact of social media applications has triggered discussion of the
“new communication democracy.”
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trH4iuebjjI

10. • The development of the Internet today is being shaped predominantly
by instant, mobile communications.
• The mobile Internet is a fresh revolution.
• Comprehensive Internet connectivity via smartphones and tablets is
leading to an increasingly mobile reality: we are not tied to any single
specific device, and everything is in the cloud.

11. Socialmedia
• Social media have changed our personal space, altering the way we
interact with our loved ones, our friends, and our sexual partners;
• they have forced us to rethink even basic daily processes like studying
and shopping;
• they have affected the economy by nurturing the business startup
culture and electronic commerce;
• they have even given us new ways to form broad-based political
movements.

12. Socialmedia
• I think the real value of social media is that you can stay in touch from
moment to moment with the people who really matter to you.
• Social media let you share experiences and information; they get people
and ideas in touch instantly, without frontiers.

13. These social interaction sites can be seen as new found communities and a
great way to keep touch with friends and make new friends, but they can
also be seen as a diversion from healthy face to face relationships.

14. the global learning society…
• The Internet has clearly impacted all levels of education by providing
unbounded possibilities for learning.
• People can use the Internet to create and share knowledge and develop
new ways of teaching and learning that captivate and stimulate
students’ imagination at any time, anywhere, using any device.
• By connecting and empowering students and educators, we can speed
up economic growth and enhance the well-being of society throughout
the world.

15. • Today, you can use the Internet to access libraries, encyclopedias, art
galleries, news archives, and other information sources from anywhere
in the world

16. • it is not just an information source, or a locus where results can be
published, it is also a channel for cooperating with other people and
groups who are working on related research topics.

17. • The Internet has also changed the way we interact with our family,
friends, and life partners.
• Now everyone is connected to everyone else in a simpler, more
accessible, and more immediate way; we can conduct part of our
personal relationships using our laptops, smart phones, and tablets.

18. • I would find a long-distance relationship with my life partner or my
family unthinkable without the communication tools that the network
of networks provides me with.

19. • We started to create a politically themed platform to encourage debate
and provide a home for social and political causes; but the social
networks that have later nurtured activism in a new way were not as yet
in existence.
• The Internet has proved to be a decisive communication tool in the
election campaigns. It is thanks to the Internet that causes in the social,
welfare, ideological, and political arenas have been spoken up for and
have won the support of other citizens sharing those values—in many
cases, with a real impact on government decision making.

20. The internet – the king of fast
• the Internet is only twenty years old, but it is already the key catalyst of
the most extensive and fastest technological revolution in history.
• It is the most extensive because over the past two decades its effects
have touched practically every citizen in the world.
• And it is the fastest because its large-scale adoption is quicker than that
of any earlier technology.
• To put this into perspective—it was 70 years after the invention of the
airplane that 100 million people had traveled by air;
• it took 50 years after the invention of the telephone for 100 million
people to use this form of communication.
• The 100-million user mark was achieved by PCs in 14 years,
• the Internet in 7.
• The cycles of adoption of Internet-related technologies are even
shorter—Facebook reached 100 million users in 2 years

21. What does Pope Benedict XVI say about new technologies
and new relationships?
• The new digital technologies are, indeed, bringing about fundamental
shifts in patterns of communication and human relationships. These
changes are particularly evident among those young people who have
grown up with the new technologies and are at home in a digital world that
often seems quite foreign to those of us who, as adults, have had to learn
to understand and appreciate the opportunities it has to offer for
communications.
• The new technologies have also opened the way for dialogue between
people from different countries, cultures and religions. The new digital
arena, the so-called cyberspace, allows them to encounter and to know
each other’s traditions and values.
: MESSAGE OF THE HOLY FATHER BENEDICT XVI
FOR THE 43rd WORLD
COMMUNICATIONS DAY
"New Technologies, New
Relationships.
Promoting a Culture of Respect,
Dialogue and Friendship."
[Sunday, 24 May 2009 ]

22. I see the virtual world ...

23. “A virtual world is a computer-based simulated environment intended
for its users to inhabit and interact via avatars.”- Wikipedia
What is Virtual World
23

24. • Virtual world evolves from:
– Social Networks
– Online Games
• World of Warcraft: a very popular
massively multiplayer online role-
playing game (MMOG) that takes
place in a fantasy virtual world.
– Simulations
What is Virtual World
24

25. • Besides World of Warcraft, there are also more realistic virtual worlds,
which do not focus on gaming.
• These virtual worlds can be used for:
– Communication
– Business
– Education
– Social Networking
What is Virtual World
25

26.  Second Life is the most popular non-gaming virtual world right now.
 Statistics: (source)
◦ User-to-User transactions in 2009 totaled US$567 million in 2009,
growth of 65% over 2008.
◦ The total amount of virtual currency in circulation reached L$6.95
billion, growth of 23% over December 2008. (1$ ≈ 270L$)
◦ Residents spent 481 million hours in Second Life in 2009, 21% growth
over 2008
◦ Monthly Repeat Logins reached an all-time high of 769,000 in
December 2009, 15% growth over December 2008
Second Life
26

27. • Users download the Second Life client to enter the virtual world.
How Second Life Works
27

28. • Client/Server Architecture
– Server: Like web server, stores all the
information (avatar, object, finance,
land) about Second Life and deals with
all the requests. All servers are hosted
at Linden Lab
– Client: An open-source 3D virtual world
viewer that renders the graphics to
users.
How Second Life Works
Internet
Server@Linden Lab
Clients
28

29. • All the objects and activities in Second Life are created by its residents.
• Residents have different tools within Second Life:
– Communication tools
• Text Communication
– Chat (Public)
– Instant Messaging (Private)
• Voice Chat
• Using Gestures and Animations
How Second Life Works
29

30. – Transportation tools
• Walk/Fly in a region
• Teleport to other regions
– Build tools
• 3D Primitives Building
• Linden Scripting Language
• Texture, Sound and
Animation Import
How Second Life Works
30

31. • Second Life currency: Linden Dollar (L$)
1 US$ ≈ 260 L$
• L$ can be used both on Web or in the virtual world.
Business in Second Life
31

32. • Business Opportunities
– Selling virtual goods (C2C, B2C,
B2B)
– Building communities
– Customer support
– Training & research
– Public relation
– Marketing
Business in Second Life
32

33. Virtual marriage & 2nd Life:
Socializing virtually
Anshe Chung has become the first online personality to achieve a net worth exceeding
one million US dollars from profits entirely earned inside a virtual world.
--Business Week, May, 2006

34. • Real companies in Second Life
Business in Second Life
34

35.  The burgeoning of Second Life has attracted researchers from various
fields. Interesting research questions are raised in disciplines across
business, education and social sciences. (Messinger, Stroulia, et al. 2009)
◦ Business domain:
 Strategy: How can virtual worlds like Second Life support
themselves? By single up-front fee, periodic subscription fee,
advertising or virtual product sales?
 Marketing: How should an avatar agent’s appearance be designed?
 Organizational Issues: Can virtual workspace improve group
productivity?
Research in Second Life
35

36. Research in Second Life
◦ Education domain:
 How can virtual worlds be used for education and distance
learning?
 What topics are particularly suitable for classes in virtual worlds?
 Will most Internet learning evolve to use virtual reality
technologies?
◦ Social sciences domain:
 Sociology: Do behaviors and attitudes learned in virtual worlds
affect behaviors and attitudes in the real world? How? In particular,
do virtual worlds influence attitudes toward violence, sexuality, and
conservatism?
 Psychology: What are people’s motivation within virtual worlds?
36

37.  During the past two years, Second Life did not gain its popularity as
expected (compared to Facebook and Twitter). Some companies even
began to close their virtual companies in Second Life. We can see there
are several problems with Second Life, and all other virtual worlds:
◦ High system requirements – few personal computers can run Second
Life client smoothly.
◦ High learning curve – May be difficult for people new to 3D
environments. And the object creation techniques is extremely
difficult to manage.
◦ Little integration with Web – Though there are websites selling virtual
products, we see little application that utilize the power of both
Second Life and Web 2.0.
Problems with Second Life
37

38. technology redefines talents

39. What knowledge and skills we need to be on the top?

40. "Say bud, can you tell me
where the illiterate club is?"

41. Industrial Revolution

42. Science!
Latin
Greek
Grammar
Theology
Latin
Greek
Grammar
Religion
Chemistry
Physics
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Technology
Biology
What’s taught in schools
What knowledge is of most worth?
--Herbert Spencer, 1859

43. Almost 150 years later…

44. Digital Citizenship
• Living in the digital world
– Consumers
– Citizens
– Community leaders
• Making a living in the digital world
– Digital workers
– Global workers
• (Re)Creating the digital world
– Innovators
– Entrepreneurs

45. As electrically contracted, the globe is no more than a village.
Marshall McLuhan, 1964
what knowledge is of most worth in the global and virtual
worlds?

46. According to Howard Gardner, pre-collegiate education need to
encompass the following skills, abilities and understandings:
• Understanding the global system
• The ability to think analytically and creatively within disciplines
• The ability to tackle problems and issues that do not respect disciplinary
boundaries
• Knowledge of other cultures and traditions, which should be an end in
itself and a means to interact with others civilly and productively
• Knowledge of and respect for one’s own cultural traditions
• Fostering of hybrid or blended identities
• Fostering of tolerance and appreciation across racial, linguistic, national,
and cultural boundaries

47. SummerDay02_Zhoa--WhyWeMustPrepareStudents

48. Where is the future of the Internet?

49. What is the future of the Internet?
• The Internet is just a few decades old, but in that short span of time it
has experienced significant changes.

50. Holograms
• In the very near future, we’ll compute in the physical world, using voice
and gesture to summon data and layer it atop physical objects.
Computer programs will be able to digest so much data that they’ll be
able to handle far more complex and nuanced situations. Cyberspace will
be all around you.
• What will this look like? Well, holograms.

51. Holography
• A hologram is a physical structure that diffracts light into an image. The
term ‘hologram’ can refer to both the encoded material and the resulting
image.
• A holographic image can be seen by looking into an illuminated
holographic print or by shining a laser through a hologram and projecting
the image onto a screen.

52. Augmented reality (AR)
• is a live direct or indirect view of a physical, real-world environment
whose elements are augmented (or supplemented) by computer-
generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.
• It is related to a more general concept called mediated reality, in which a
view of reality is modified (possibly even diminished rather than
augmented) by a computer. As a result, the technology functions by
enhancing one’s current perception of reality

53. Augmented reality glasses (ARG)
• Microsoft calls their own solution “HoloLens” and they stressed
projecting the digital world onto the real world using holograms.
http://www.microsoft.com/microsoft-hololens/en-us

56. • The idea of the Internet of Things is that the things around us—home
appliances, vehicles, clothes, soft drink cans, even the street bench
should become Internet citizens, producing and consuming information
generated by other things, by people, or by other systems.
• So what can the Internet of Things do for us humans?
• How can things connected to the Internet make our lives happier, better,
or longer?
Internet of Things

57. There are three main reasons for this:
• electronic parts have become smaller and cheaper;
• the world is interconnected by communications;
• and people have adopted a digital lifestyle.
if the automobile industry grew so rapidly and dynamically as the electronics
industry in the last thirty years, it is now a Rolls Royce would cost $ 2 and you
can drive to the 2 million miles consumes 4 liters of gasoline.
Internet of Things – why now?

59. Internet of Things
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhrB5ZZXnjM
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFqEx--b7hU

60. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2ui29vSRg0
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2P11pU3yo0&list=PL0929612B0E
B32178&index=15&feature=iv&src_vid=U2ui29vSRg0&annotation_id=an
notation_696981667
If the Internet was real….

61. If the Internet was real….from facebook’s friends

62. What are the disadvantages of digitization of our life?
Find some example via internet and prepare list in googledoc

63. Get ready for a debate on:
Internet will isolate us from one another or will make us closer?
Thanks to the internet we would live more comfortably or makes you
dehumanize and less inteligent?
Unlimited freedom on the Internet or protection against threats?

64. References:
• 19 key essays on how Internet is changing our lives
https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/BBVA-OpenMind-book-Change-19-key-essays-on-how-
internet-is-changing-our-lives-Technology-Internet-Innovation.pdf
• Yong Zhao, What Knowledge is most Worth?
https://www.wvde.state.wv.us/.../SummerDay02_Zhoa--WhyWeMustPrepareStudents.ppt
• An Introduction to Virtual World. Second Life and Beyond
• http://www.ai.arizona.edu/mis510/other/VW_Introduction.ppt
• http://www.en.wikipedia.org