1. 開発のマクロ・フレームワーク
計画レベルと空間イメージ
レベルを超えて一貫性の必要性があるか?
National Development Plan
National Development Policy & Strategies
PRSP
マクロプラン
Comprehensive Regional Development Plan
メゾプラン
ローカルプラン City/Municipality Development Plan
ミクロプラン
District Action Plan
Community Development Plan
4
1. 開発のマクロ・フレームワーク
例えば、モンゴルの国土開発構想では?
Mineral Resources-
Agriculture-based
based Development
Development
Darkhan
Hovd
Erdenet Choybaisan
Uliastay World City
Undurkhaan
Harhorm
Ulaanbaatar
Agriculture-based
開発回廊 Choir Development
Reforestation Zuun
新資源回廊
Mineral Resources-
based Development
成長回廊
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
参加型都市開発戦略(CDS)のアプローチ
1.Where are we now?
(Diagnostic Analysis, Comparative advantages)
2. Where and what would we like to be?
(Future Visions)
3. What do we need to address?
(Formuationo of Projects/Programs)
4. What actions must we take to get there?
(Prioritization, Implementation Programming)
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
参加型戦略的な計画アプローチ
Planning Tools Planning Process
2. Visioning SWOT Analysis Status
Status
Analysis
Analysis
3. Strategy Building
Vision Future Demand
Forecast Visioning
Visioning
1. Status Analysis Strategic Path Development
Framework Programming
Programming
Present
Situation
Cost Estimate
Prioritization
Prioritization
2007 2015 2020
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Financial Capacity Action
Action
Enhancement Planning
Planning
14
2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
市民の声(家庭訪問調査結果)
質問:都市計画に求める課題:何が一番大切なイシューですか?
Poverty Alleviation
5%
5% Economic
Development
8%
Environmental
34% Protection
10% Security and Safety
Land and Housing
17%
21% Transportation
Urban services
22
ウランバートル市内在住の4,500世帯を対象
2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
「整備して欲しい都市サービスは?」
Public information
公共情報
Telecommunication
通信
Traffic management
交通管理
City administration and services
市の行政サービス
Sewerage/Drainage
下水施設
Land and housing
住宅開発
Electricity
電力エネルギー
Road infrastructure and facilities
公共交通
Public transport
ゴミ回収
Garbage collection
リクリエーション・スポーツ施設
Recreation and sports facilities
Water水供給
Supply
近隣の安全
Neighbourhood security
教育施設
Education
保健医療サービス
Health/welfare services
大気汚染の管理
Urban air quality
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000
No. of answers
23
2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
「将来のウランバートル市のイメージは?」
All
Apartment 清潔で調和のとれた、平和で自然豊かな、現代的な都
市生活を享受できるウランバートル市を望んでいる。
Ger Area
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Clean Harmony
Peaceful Nature
Highly developed Modern
Safe Culture/heritage
International/global Friendly
Scientific/ high-tech center Tourism center
Others
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
社会経済フレームワーク
経済成長 (GRDP)
人口
8,000 2,500.0
UB Central UB Remote
Year Population Growth Rate 7,000
6 Districts 3 District 2,000.0
UB GDP Per Capita '000 Tg. (2000)
6,000
2005 965.3 - 907.4 57.9
GDO Mill. Tg.(2000)
2007 1,031.2 3.4% 967.2 64.0 5,000
1,500.0
2010 1,173.2 4.4% 1,102.8 70.4
4,000
2015 1,325.1 2.5% 1,239.0 86.1
1,000.0
2020 1,537.8 3.0% 1,437.8 100.0 3,000
2025 1,695.8 2.0% 1,577.1 118.7
2,000
2030 1,870.0 2.0% 1,739.1 130.9 500.0
1,000
Source: JICA Study Team
0 0.0
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
2,000
1,800 National GDP UB GDP UB GDP Per Capita
1,600
1,400
1,200
UB Central: 2007-2030
1.74 mill. in 2030
1,000 (1.8 times)
800
モンゴル国 総生産 4.7 times
UB Whol
600 UB Central
UB Remote
UB市地域総生産 4.9 times
400
200
UB市一人当たり所得 2.7 times
0
2005 2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
Km from UB Population
Remote Districts Direction of Development
ウランバートル都市圏の構造 Central 2007 2020 2030
New Industrial Promotion Park
Nalaikh 30 Km 28,152 55,000 78,500
& Logistic Center
UB Metropolitan Industrial and
Baganuur 140 Km 25,969 39,000 45,800
Energy Center
Bagakhangai Agro-industrial Center 90 Km 3,864 6,000 6,500
Total 57,985 100,000 130,900
ウランバートル
首都機能
ロジスティックセンター
バガヌール:
工業・エネルギーセンター
ナライハ:
新工業基地・流通都市
Bag
臨空都市開発
新国際空港
バガハンガイ:
農産品加工センター
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
Ulaanbaatar City Master Plan 2030
ゾーニング・交通ネットワーク図
27
Line 1
LRT/BRTネットワークの提案 East-west direction along
Preliminary Mass Transit Location Plan Avenue.
Peace
Total length of 27 km including a
5.0 kilometer underground
2.1 section in the CBD,
Remaining length will be at-grade
Line 1 (Red Line) or elevated sections.
2.2 Line 2
North-south direction connect to
2.3 the existing airport.
Line 2 (Blue Line) Total length of 21km including a
2.4 3.8 kilometer underground
section intersecting Line 1.
2.5
6 5 4 3
8 7 2.6
12 11 10 9 2 1
2.8 2.7
2.9
Line 1 (km) Line 2 (km)
2.10 At grade 15.6 10.6
2.11
Elevated 6.0 6.2
Underground 5.0 3.8
Total 26.6 20.6
No.of stations 17 12
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
公共交通システムのヒエラルキー
60,000
CAPACITY (Persons/hr/Lane)
50,000
Mass Rapid Transit
40,000
30,000 Light Rail
Transit
20,000 Expected Demand Zone
Monorail
10,000 Bus in Bus Priority
Mixed
Tramway
Traffic
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
OPERATING SPEED (km/hr)
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
ゲル居住地区の住環境改善計画
An Overall Concept Non-urbanization Area
(out of urbanization boundary):
Enforcement of resettlement and no
Urbanization priority of public service provision
Promotion boundary
Low-rise Residential Area
(Middle and peri-urban Ger area):
Comprehensive on-site improvement
Local cluster
network
with Land readjustment, Cluster
Central
supply
infrastructure development and
network Social housing provision
High& Mid-rise Residential Area
(Central& middle Ger area):
Central
network High-mid rise apartment and
Urban redevelopment connected
Water Heating / with central infrastructure networks
Sewerage
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2.実践的都市戦略策定作業
事例
ゲル居住地区改善への適応手法
Level of living
condition
(1) 計画基準(シビルミニマム) (2) 近隣住区理論の適用
App. 1km
Planning
Standard
P
“Civil minimum”
l Children’s park
Minimum Pedestrian
Standard a
road
Responsibility of public service y Kindergarten
l
o Neighbor Community
t hood park center
Time e K-12 school
Commercial
Present 2010 2020-2030 center
District road
Source: JICA Study Team Kindergarten
(3) 土地区画整理手法の適用 Trunk road
(4) 多様な住宅タイプの混合
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