in India mostly power is generated by the thermal power plant.

1. Thermal Power
Plant
What?
How?
Why?
Problems?

2. Contain
• What is it?
• How it works?
• Why this ?
• Problems with Thermal Power Plant

3. What?
• Thermal Power Plant is generate electricity by
converting thermal energy(chemical energy of
coal ) into electric energy. It use coal as fuel.

4. • Generally it works on modify Rankine cycle.
• Chemical energy of coal is converted into heat by
burning
How ?

5. • This heat is used to convert water in to steam
• This high pressure steam drive the turbine
and turbine drive generator

6. Main and Auxiliary equipments
1. Coal handling plant
2. Pulverizing plant
3. Draft fans
4. Boiler
5. Ash handling plant
6. Turbine
7. Condenser
8. Cooling towers and ponds
9. Feed water heater
10. Economiser
11. Superheater and Reheater
12. Air preheater

8. Layout of Thermal Power Station

9. Boiler
• Where fuel is burnt and
produce heat .
• This heat is used to
convert water into steam
• Types
water tube
fire tube

10. Superheater :
• Superheater is a component of a steam-
generating unit in which steam, after it has left
the boiler drum, is heated above its saturation
temperature

11. Economizer
• An economizer extracts a part of this heat from
flue gases and uses it for heating feed water

12. Air Preheater
• After flue gases leave economiser, some
further heat can be extracted from them
and used to heat incoming heat
• three types
Plate type
Tubular type
Regenerative type

13. Ash Handling Plant
• The percentage of ash in coal varies from
5% in good quality coal to about 40% in poor
quality coal
• Power plants generally use poor quality of
coal , thus amount of ash produced by it is
pretty large
• A modern 2000MW plant produces about
5000 tons of ash daily
• The stations use some conveyor arrangement
to dispose the ash .

14. Ash Handling Plant

15. Turbine
• heat energy of steam into mechanical energy
and drives the generator
• Convert pressure energy to kinetics energy
• types :-
Impulse turbine
Reaction turbine

16. Turbine

17. Generator
• electrical device
• Convert mechanical energy into electrical
energy
• Works on electromagnetic induction
• It connected to the turbine

18. Condenser
• Steam after rotating steam turbine comes
to
• convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid
state
• are heat exchangers
• Tyes
air cooling
water cooling force cooling
nature cooling

19. Condenser

20. Cooling tower
• Most plants use a closed cooling system
where warm water coming from condenser is
cooled and reused
• Height 150 m
• diameter at the base is 150 m
• hyperbolic structure
• Made of steel or concrete

21. Cooling towers

22. Advantages of Thermal Power Plant
• No problem of waste disposal
• Thermal Power Plant can be located near the load
centre if water source available near the site
• They can quickly against change of load without
difficultly
• A portion of steam generated can be used as a
process steam in different industries.
• The steam turbines can work under 25% of
overload continuously
• Less space is require compared to hydro electric
Power Plants

23. Disadvantages of Thermal Power Plant
• Thermal Power Plant requires large quantity
of water for boiler and condenser
• It has a very high operating cost compare to
hydro and nuclear Power Plants.
• In thermal Power Plant there is great difficulty
experienced in coal handling
• Less efficient as compare to the nuclear
Power Plants

24. Power generated in 2010
in MW
Caol Gas Hydro Nuclear Renewable (energy)total
INDIA
82095.88 17055 36885 4120 15427 156784
GUJARAT
6678.89 3894 772 559.32 1643.9 13566
MAHRASTRA
10703 3716 3332 690 2428 20868

25. Thanks you
All the best