2. SAFETYSafety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable
outcomes. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk.
Safety about electrical:
1. DON'T plug a bunch of stuff into one outlet or extension cord.
2. Avoid water at all times when working with electricity.
3. If you are working on any receptacle at your home then always turn off the mains.
4. Always use insulated tools while working.
5. Always check all your GFCI’s once a month. A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) is a RCD (Residual Current Device).
Safety about air conditioning:
• Do not install the appliance if it is connected to the power supply.
• The Installation and service/repair must be performed by a qualified technician. Do not repair or replace any parts of the
appliance unless it is specifically written in the user instructions.
• Make sure that the power supply cord is long enough to allow the right connection. Do not use any extension cord for
power supply.
• Once installation is completed, the electric components must not be accessible to the users.
• Do not touch the operation buttons when your hands are wet and don't use the appliance when you are barefoot.
3. FIVE SS:
1.Sorting:
separating the next deal from the not needed.
2.Simplifying:
A place for everything and everything in its place clean & ready to
use.
3.Systematic cleaning:
cleaning for inspection.
4. Standardizing:
Developing common methods for consistency.
5. Sustaining:
Holding the gains & improving.
4. ELECTRICITY:
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and
motion of electric charge. The presence of an electric charge, which can be either
positive or negative, produces an electric field. The movement of electric charges is
an electric current and produces a magnetic field.
5. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT:
• Three effects of an Electric Current:
• Heating Effect :Demonstrate with an electric coil in beaker of water
plus thermometer.
• Magnetic Effect: Demonstrate with an electromagnet (connected up
to source of electricity).
• Chemical Effect :Demonstrate with a voltammeter.
9. CAPACITOR:
A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that
stores potential energy in an electric field. The effect of a capacitor is
known as capacitance.
10. INTRODUCTION:
• Air conditioning is the process of removing heat and moisture from
the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of
occupants.
• Refrigeration is a process of removing heat from a low-temperature
reservoir and transferring it to a high-temperature reservoir. The work
of heat transfer is traditionally driven by mechanical means, but can
also be driven by heat, magnetism, electricity, laser, or other means.
11. TYPES OF REFRIGERATION:
• Top freezer type refrigerators.
• Bottom freezer type refrigerator.
• Side by side refrigerator.
• Single door refrigerator.
• Compact refrigerator.
12. TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONING:
• 1.Residential air conditioner.
→window AC.
→portable AC.
→split AC.
• 2.Commercial air conditioner.
→Ductable AC.
→Central plant AC.
13. WORKING OF AIR CONDITIONING PARTS:
• COMPRESSOR:
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its
volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.
• CONDENSER:
A condenser is a device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to
its liquid state, by cooling it. In so doing, the latent heat is given up by the substance and
transferred to the surrounding environment.
14. •EXPANSION VALVE:
A expansion valve is a component in refrigeration and air conditioning
systems that controls the amount of refrigerant released into the evaporator
thereby controlling superheat.
• EVAPORATOR:
An evaporator is a device in a process used to turn the liquid form of a
chemical substance such as water into its gaseous-form/vapor. The liquid is
evaporated, or vaporized, into a gas form of the targeted substance in that
process.
15. Refrigeration systems for industrial processes:
• Small capacity modular units of direct expansion type (50 Tons of
Refrigeration)
• Centralized chilled water plants with chilled water as a secondary
coolant (50 – 250 TR)
• Brine plants with brines as lower temperature, secondary coolant
(>250 TR)
16. Refrigeration systems
• Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR): uses mechanical energy
• Vapour Absorption Refrigeration (VAR): uses thermal energy
18. WINDOW AC:
• Window air conditioner is sometimes referred to as room air
conditioner as well. It is the simplest form of an air
conditioning system and is mounted on windows or walls. The
evaporator side is located facing the room for cooling of the space
and the condenser side outdoor for heat rejection.
19. SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING:
• A split air conditioner consists of two main parts: the outdoor unit
and the indoor unit. The outdoor unit is installed on or near the wall
outside of the room or space that you wish to cool. The unit houses
the compressor, condenser coil and the expansion coil or capillary
tubing.
20. CENTRAL PLANT AC:
• In the central air conditioning systems there is a plant room where large compressor, condenser,
thermostatic expansion valve and the evaporator are kept in the large plant room. They perform all the
functions as usual similar to a typical refrigeration system.
21. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM:
• Advantages
• Prevents Dehydration and Heat strokes.
• Improves the Quality of Air.
• Helps to Reduce Asthma and Allergies.
• Skin Dryness.
• Aggravation of Respiratory Problems.
• Respiratory Tract Infections and Allergies.
• Disadvantages of Air Conditioner on Health
• Unexpected changes in humidity & temperature affects individual's respiratory system.
• Regular usage of air Conditioner dries skin & mucous membranes.
• Its ambient noise, leads to noise pollution.
• Air circulation even transmits infectious respiratory diseases.
• Airborne dust & fungi cause allergic reactions.
