This is the slideshow from the ICT Carbon Footprint Presenation and Workshop funded and hosted by Connecting Bristol in March 2009 in Bristol

1. Bristol Green ICT Workshop
Dave Zammit
Neil Evans
March 2009

2. The Camco Group is an international leader in
identifying opportunities and providing solutions to
carbon risk.
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 1

3. Introductions
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 2

4. Agenda
Setting the scene
Bristol ICT carbon footprint
Activity A – your Green ICT progress
Green ICT database and case studies
Activity B – Group discussions on
blockers/enablers and shared
experiences with Green ICT
Where next?
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 3

5. Objectives
1. To inform attendees about the Bristol ICT project, Bristol’s ICT
footprint, and what BCC and Connecting Bristol are planning on
doing to tackle this as a specific climate change issue for the
city
2. To discuss the range of Green ICT measures that exist and their
potential for saving energy, carbon and costs
3. To understand the extent to which Green ICT measures have
already been implemented
4. To understand what the barriers are to implementing these
measures across Bristol and how BCC and Connecting Bristol
can help
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 4

6. The Carbon Trust
and the
Low Carbon Cities Programme
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 5

7. Climate Change Update
CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels
Figure SPM.11. Global CO2 emissions for 1940 to 2000 and emissions ranges for categories of stabilisation scenarios from 2000 to 2100 (left-hand panel); and the
corresponding relationship between the stabilisation target and the likely equilibrium global average temperature increase above pre-industrial (right-hand panel).
Approaching equilibrium can take several centuries, especially for scenarios with higher levels of stabilisation. Coloured shadings show stabilisation scenarios
grouped according to different targets (stabilisation category I to VI). Right-hand panel shows ranges of global average temperature change above pre-industrial,
using (i) “best estimate” climate sensitivity of 3°C (black line in middle of shaded area), (ii) upper bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 4.5°C (red line at
top of shaded area) (iii) lower bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 2°C (blue line at bottom of shaded area). Black dashed lines in the left panel give the
emissions range of recent baseline scenarios published since the SRES (2000). Emissions ranges of the stabilisation scenarios comprise CO2-only and multigas
scenarios and correspond to the 10th-90th percentile of the full scenario distribution. Note: CO2 emissions in most models do not include emissions from decay
of above ground biomass that remains after logging and deforestation, and from peat fires and drained peat soils. {Figure 5.1}
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 6

8. Met Office Hadley Centre
The ten warmest years on record have occurred since 1997. Global
temperatures for 2000-2008 now stand almost 0.2 °C warmer than
the average for the decade 1990–1999.
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 7

9. Climate Change Update
It has been clear for some time that greenhouse gas
emissions have been accelerating at a rate higher than
even the worst-case emissions scenarios used by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in
the 2007 report.
Arctic Ocean Diversity (Arcod)
“Hansen points out that when temperatures
increased to between 2 and 3 degrees above
today's level 3.5 million years ago sea levels
rose by 25m, not the 59cm being predicted by
the IPCC” Refers to James Hansen, Nasa
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 8

10. Climate Change Update
The Policy
Climate Change Act 2008
•Legally binding targets:
• GHG emission reductions of at least 80% by 2050
• CO2 emission reductions of at least 26% by 2020
•Carbon budgeting system
• Caps emissions over five year periods
• The first three carbon budgets will run from 2008-12, 2013-17 and 2018-22
•Committee on Climate Change
• A new independent, expert body to advise Government
• Annual reports to Parliament on the UK’s progress towards targets and budgets
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 9

11. Climate Change Update
The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC)
•Mandatory auction based emissions “cap & trade” scheme
•Designed to be revenue neutral
• Auction revenues recycled back to participants based on their baseline (”footprint”) emissions
and scaled by their actual emissions and position in “league table”
•Aimed at large organisations not covered by CCA & EU ETS
• Business & public sector
•Designed to have a “light touch” administration
•Administered by Environment Agency
•Final guidelines due out end March ?
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 10

12. The Bristol ICT
Carbon Footprint
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 11

13. Scope
The scope covers all
non-domestic ICT use
within the Bristol City
PCs: Peripherals:
authority area.
workstations, laptops, Printers, MFDs, Speakers
desktops, monitors and Scanners
IT services:
Telecoms devices:
data centres and servers,
Mobile desktop phones
storage, cooling
Legend
TVs, video
equipment, audio
Em ission producing
devices and other
activity w ithin
electronic
boundary
Em ission producing
embodied carbon of
activity outside
ICT equipment
boundary
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 12

14. Sector Breakdown
Bristol's Techno-footprint by Sector
5%
5% 2%
14%
2%
38%
34%
Manufacturing Construction
Distribution, Hotels and Restaurants Transport and Communications
Finance, IT other business activities Public admin, education & Health
Other Services
Energy Energy Carbon
Consumption Expense Emissions
(KWh) (£) (t/CO2)
Total 125,248,234 £10,771,348 67,258
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 13

15. Sector Breakdown
Sector Energy Energy Carbon
Consumption Expense Emissions
(KWh) (£) (t/CO2)
Manufacturing 5,798,704 498,689 3,114
Construction 2,817,124 242,273 1,513
Distribution, Hotels and 17,080,790 1,468,948 9,172
Restaurants
Transport and 2,236,287 192,321 1,201
Communications
Finance, IT other 42,476,102 3,652,945 22,810
business activities
Public admin, 48,388,341 4,161,397 25,985
education & Health
Other Services 6,450,886 554,776 3,464
Total 125,248,234 £10,771,348 67,258
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 14

16. Hardware Breakdown
Bristol's Techno-footprint by hardware
8%
30%
50%
12%
PCs Peripherals IT Services Telecom Devices
Energy Energy Carbon
Consumption Expense Emissions
(KWh) (£) (t/CO2)
Total 125,248,234 £10,771,348 67,258
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 15

17. Hardware Breakdown
Hardware Energy Energy Carbon
Consumption Expense Emissions
(KWh) (£) (t/CO2)
PCs 62,894,103 5,408,893 33,774
Peripherals 15,017,078 1,291,469 8,064
IT Services 37,241,556 3,202,774 19,999
Telecom Devices 10,095,497 868,213 5,421
Total 125,248,234 £10,771,348 67,258
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 16

18. Green ICT
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 17

19. Activity A – Your Green ICT progress
Category Never heard Discounted Not feasible Implemented Comments
of or following
considered analysis
Management – people
Management – technical
Procurement
Data centres and servers
Cooling
Monitoring & targeting
Desktops & monitors
Paperless office
Unified Communications
Imaging
Indirect savings
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 18

20. Activity A – Your Green ICT progress
Category Description/examples
Management – people This includes changing the way people work or use ICT, policy measures, strategic
management approaches, awareness campaigns etc.
Management – technical Such as changing settings, automated shutdowns, equipment audits, data storage
management, redundancy over specification etc
Procurement Specifically addressing how and what ICT equipment is purchased, what energy
considerations are considered, life-cycle assessments
Data centres and servers Blade servers, virtualisation, outsourcing, MAID
Cooling Efficient cooling design, appropriate temperature settings, control systems, liquid
cooling, fresh-air cooling
Monitoring & targeting Measuring power consumption of hardware, regular analysis and performance
enhancement
Desktops & monitors LCD/TFT instead of CRT, standby and hibernation settings, Energy Star ratings,
laptops
Paperless office Systems and processes, training, email management and filing, Electronic Data
Interchange
Unified Communications Content management systems, updated phone systems
Imaging MFDs, power off settings. B&W printing, duplex printing, remove faxes
Indirect savings Teleconferencing, video conferencing, flexible working
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 19

21. Green ICT Database
Category – Desktops and Monitors
Short Full Description Cost Carbon Difficulty References
Description &
energy
savings
Thin Client With a thin client , Green IT, Velte, Velte and
●● ●●● ●●●
Terminals the processing and Elsenpeter
storage duties are
conducted at the
server. The client
just needs enough
power to be able to
display what is
going on at the
server…….
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 20

22. Data centres – Virtualisation of servers
What is the issue?
-The principle is to consolidate multiple operating systems onto
one server.
Barriers to virtualisation
-In large organisations servers are often purchased through
departmental budgets (server hugging)
-Tenders often issue a performance spec for servers
-Tenderers can respond to this by overspecifying
-Spec should include a carbon emissions target.
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 21

23. Data centres – Virtualisation of servers
Benefits
-increase server utilisation to between 60 and 80% (from a base of
10-20%)
-The number of servers can be greatly reduced (in one example
from 1,000 to 80)
-A larger number of CPU’s per server means a lower electricity bill
and lower maintenance costs
-Less space required – typically 70% less
-Reduce electricity bill by 70%
-Reduce cooling requirement by 50%
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 22

24. Hampshire County Council Thin Client
Terminals
•6,500 thin client terminals
•estimates they save 1,371,500 kWh/yr compared with using PCs
•735tCO2
•But excludes the additional power used in servers
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 23

25. Removal of all CRT screens in Bristol
Currently approximately 13% of screens still CRTs
Consume 61W compared to 33W when on
Replacing all CRTs with LCD screens will save 1,276 tCO2
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 24

26. Activity B – Group discussion
Think about barriers or issues that prevent implementation
What are the enablers?
What are the success stories?
What are your shared experiences with promoting Green ICT?
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 25

27. Plenary
What can Bristol City Council, Connecting Bristol and the Carbon
Trust do to assist with the implementation of Green ICT across the
city?
What should a Green ICT strategy for the city look like?
What additional tools and/or training would be useful?
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 26

28. Thank you
Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint 27