Estimation (power point)

ESTIMATIONESTIMATION
Estimation is the scientific way ofEstimation is the scientific way of
working out the approximate cost ofworking out the approximate cost of
an engineering project beforean engineering project before
execution of the workexecution of the work..
 It is totally different from calculation of theIt is totally different from calculation of the
exact cost after completion of the project.exact cost after completion of the project.
 Estimation requires a thorough KnowledgeEstimation requires a thorough Knowledge
of the construction procedures and cost ofof the construction procedures and cost of
materials & labour in addition to the skill ,materials & labour in addition to the skill ,
experience, foresight and good judgment.experience, foresight and good judgment.

ESTIMATEESTIMATE
An estimate of the cost of a constructionAn estimate of the cost of a construction
job is the probable cost of that job asjob is the probable cost of that job as
computed from plans and specificationscomputed from plans and specifications..
 For a good estimate the, actual cost of theFor a good estimate the, actual cost of the
proposed work after completion should notproposed work after completion should not
differ by more then 5 to 10 % from itsdiffer by more then 5 to 10 % from its
approximate cost estimate, provided thereapproximate cost estimate, provided there
are no unusual, unforeseen circumstances.are no unusual, unforeseen circumstances.

NEED FOR ESTIMATENEED FOR ESTIMATE
1.1. It help to work out the approximate cost of theIt help to work out the approximate cost of the
project in order to decide its feasibility withproject in order to decide its feasibility with
respect to the cost and to ensure the financialrespect to the cost and to ensure the financial
resources, it the proposal is approved.resources, it the proposal is approved.
2.2. Requirements of controlled materials, such asRequirements of controlled materials, such as
cement and steel can be estimated for makingcement and steel can be estimated for making
applications to the controlling authorities.applications to the controlling authorities.
3.3. It is used for framing the tenders for the worksIt is used for framing the tenders for the works
and to check contractor’s work during and afterand to check contractor’s work during and after
the its execution for the purpose of makingthe its execution for the purpose of making
payments to the contractor.payments to the contractor.
4.4. From quantities of different items of workFrom quantities of different items of work
calculated in detailed estimation, resources arecalculated in detailed estimation, resources are
allocated to different activities of the project andallocated to different activities of the project and
ultimately their durations and whole planning andultimately their durations and whole planning and
scheduling of the project is carried out.scheduling of the project is carried out.

SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COSTSITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST
1 = Each type of work requires a different1 = Each type of work requires a different
method of construction. Construction may be ofmethod of construction. Construction may be of
an ordinary house or office and it may also bean ordinary house or office and it may also be
of a Dam, Tunnel, Multistory building, Airport,of a Dam, Tunnel, Multistory building, Airport,
Bridge, or a Road, already in operation. Each ofBridge, or a Road, already in operation. Each of
these works requires totally differentthese works requires totally different
construction techniques, type of machinery,construction techniques, type of machinery,
and formwork.and formwork.
2 = Quality of labour and labour output varies in2 = Quality of labour and labour output varies in
different localities.different localities.
3 = Weather conditions greatly affect the output3 = Weather conditions greatly affect the output
and, hence, the overall costand, hence, the overall cost..

SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)
4.4. Ground conditions vary and changeGround conditions vary and change
the method of construction. Forthe method of construction. For
example, excavation may be dry, wet,example, excavation may be dry, wet,
hard, soft, shallow or deep requiringhard, soft, shallow or deep requiring
different efforts.different efforts.
5.5. The work may be in open ground suchThe work may be in open ground such
as fields or it may be in congestedas fields or it may be in congested
areas such as near or on the publicareas such as near or on the public
roads, necessitating extensiveroads, necessitating extensive
watching, lightening, and controllingwatching, lightening, and controlling
efforts, etc.efforts, etc.

SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)
6.6. The source of availability of aThe source of availability of a
sufficient supply of materials of goodsufficient supply of materials of good
quality is also a factor.quality is also a factor.
7.7. The availability of constructionThe availability of construction
machinery also affects the method ofmachinery also affects the method of
construction.construction.
8.8. Access to the site must beAccess to the site must be
reasonable. If the access is poor,reasonable. If the access is poor,
temporary roads may be constructed.temporary roads may be constructed.

ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATORESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR
• In preparing an estimate, the Estimator mustIn preparing an estimate, the Estimator must
have good knowledge regarding the importanthave good knowledge regarding the important
rules of quantity surveying.rules of quantity surveying.
• He must thoroughly understand the drawingsHe must thoroughly understand the drawings
of the structure, for which he is going toof the structure, for which he is going to
prepare an estimate.prepare an estimate.
• He must also be clearly informed about theHe must also be clearly informed about the
specifications showing nature and classes ofspecifications showing nature and classes of
works and the materials to be used becauseworks and the materials to be used because
the rates at which various types of works canthe rates at which various types of works can
be executed depend upon its specifications.be executed depend upon its specifications.

ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)
A good estimator of construction costs should possess the
following capabilities, also:-
1 = A knowledge of the details of construction work.
2 = Experience in construction work.
3 = Having information regarding the materials required,
machinery needed, overhead problems, and costs of all
kinds.
4 = Good judgment with regard to different localities,
different jobs and different workmen.
5 = Selection of a good method for preparing an estimate.
6 = Ability to be careful, thorough, hard working and
accurate.
7 = Ability to collect, classify and evaluate data relating to
estimation.
8 = Ability to visualize all the steps during the process of
construction.

ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)
 Before preparing the estimate, the estimator should visitBefore preparing the estimate, the estimator should visit
thethe site and make a study of conditions, there. Forsite and make a study of conditions, there. For
example, if the construction of a large building isexample, if the construction of a large building is
planned, the estimator or his representative should visitplanned, the estimator or his representative should visit
the site and:the site and:
 Note the location of the proposed building.Note the location of the proposed building.
 Get all data available regarding the soil.Get all data available regarding the soil.
 Make a sketch of the site showing all important details.Make a sketch of the site showing all important details.
 Obtain information concerning light, power, and water.Obtain information concerning light, power, and water.
 Secure information concerning banking facilities.Secure information concerning banking facilities.
 Note conditions of streets leading to railway yards andNote conditions of streets leading to railway yards and
to material dealers, andto material dealers, and
 Investigate general efficiency of local workman.Investigate general efficiency of local workman.

TYPES OF ESTIMATESTYPES OF ESTIMATES
 There are two main types of estimates:-There are two main types of estimates:-
1 =1 = Rough cost estimate.Rough cost estimate.
2 =2 = Detailed estimate.Detailed estimate.
 Depending upon the purpose of estimate,Depending upon the purpose of estimate,
some types of detailed estimate are assome types of detailed estimate are as
follows:-follows:-
a)a) Contractor's estimateContractor's estimate
b)b) Engineer's estimateEngineer's estimate
c)c) Progress estimateProgress estimate

I = Rough cost estimateI = Rough cost estimate
• Estimation of cost before construction fromEstimation of cost before construction from
plans or architectural drawings of theplans or architectural drawings of the
project scheme, when even detailed orproject scheme, when even detailed or
structural design has not been carried out, isstructural design has not been carried out, is
called Rough cost estimate.called Rough cost estimate.
• These estimates are used for obtainingThese estimates are used for obtaining
Administrative Approval from theAdministrative Approval from the
concerning Authorities.concerning Authorities.
• Sometimes, on the basis of rough costSometimes, on the basis of rough cost
estimates, a proposal may be droppedestimates, a proposal may be dropped
altogether.altogether.

Rough cost estimate (-ctd-)Rough cost estimate (-ctd-)
• Unit costUnit cost is worked out for projects similar to the projectis worked out for projects similar to the project
under consideration carried out recently in nearly the sameunder consideration carried out recently in nearly the same
site conditions.site conditions.
• Unit cost means cost of execution of a unit quantity of theUnit cost means cost of execution of a unit quantity of the
work.work.

• To find rough cost of any project, this workedTo find rough cost of any project, this worked
average unit cost is multiplied with total quantityaverage unit cost is multiplied with total quantity
of the present work in the same units.of the present work in the same units.
• For example, in case of a building, plinth area (sq.For example, in case of a building, plinth area (sq.
ft.) of the proposed building is worked out, whichft.) of the proposed building is worked out, which
is then multiplied by the cost per unit area (Rs.is then multiplied by the cost per unit area (Rs.
/ft/ft22
) of similar building actually constructed in the) of similar building actually constructed in the
near past in nearly the same site conditions, tonear past in nearly the same site conditions, to
find out the rough cost estimate of the building.find out the rough cost estimate of the building.
• This cost is sometimes adjusted by the averageThis cost is sometimes adjusted by the average
percentage rise in the cost of materials andpercentage rise in the cost of materials and
wages.wages.

Rough cost estimateRough cost estimate
 The rough cost estimate may be prepared on theThe rough cost estimate may be prepared on the
following basis for different types of projects:following basis for different types of projects:
1.1. Cost per square foot of covered area (plinth area) isCost per square foot of covered area (plinth area) is
the mostthe most commonly adopted criterion for preparingcommonly adopted criterion for preparing
rough cost estimate for most of the residentialrough cost estimate for most of the residential
buildings.buildings.
2.2. For public buildings, cost. Per person (cost perFor public buildings, cost. Per person (cost per
capita) iscapita) is used. For example,used. For example,
Students hostel———————-—cost per studentStudents hostel———————-—cost per student
Hospitals————————————Cost per bedHospitals————————————Cost per bed
Hotel—————————————Cost per GuestHotel—————————————Cost per Guest

3.3. Cost per cubic footCost per cubic foot is particularly suitable foris particularly suitable for
commercial offices, shopping centers, andcommercial offices, shopping centers, and
factory buildingsfactory buildings, etc., etc.
4.4. ForFor water tank/reservoirwater tank/reservoir, cost may be worked out, cost may be worked out
on the basis of capacity inon the basis of capacity in gallons of water storedgallons of water stored..
5.5. For roads and railwaysFor roads and railways, cost may be found out, cost may be found out
per mile/kilometerper mile/kilometer of length.of length.
6.6. For streetsFor streets, cost may be, cost may be per hundred feet/metersper hundred feet/meters ofof
length.length.
7.7. In case ofIn case of bridgesbridges,, cost per foot/metercost per foot/meter of clear spanof clear span
may be calculated.may be calculated.

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE
Calculate the total rough costCalculate the total rough cost
estimate and cost per Flat for aestimate and cost per Flat for a
multi-storey (4-storeyed) blockmulti-storey (4-storeyed) block
consisting of 40 residential flats.consisting of 40 residential flats.
Other details are given in the table:Other details are given in the table:

Sr. No PORTION AREA
(sq. ft)
UNIT COST (Rs./sq.ft.)
Building
Works
Sanitory
Works
Electric
Services
Sui Gas
Services
1 Main Flat Area
(i) Ground Floor
(ii) Ist Floor
(iii) 2nd Floor
(iv) 3rd Floor
20030
20030
20030
20030
1800
1500
1650
1800
130
130
130
130
100
100
100
100
60
60
60
60
2 Park Area at G. Floor 75,800 800 -------- 40 -------
3 Circulation Area in all
4 floors
1936 1050 -------- 70 -------
4 Covered Shopping
Area at G. Floor
920 950 -------- 70 -------
5 Attached Servant
Quarters
2112 1150 55 70 40

Add the following costs as Lump Sum :Add the following costs as Lump Sum :
1-1- Road and Walkways = 15,00,000/-Road and Walkways = 15,00,000/-
2-2- Land Scapping = 12,00,000/-Land Scapping = 12,00,000/-
3-3- External Sewerage = 7,00,000/-External Sewerage = 7,00,000/-
4-4- External Water Supply, Overhead andExternal Water Supply, Overhead and
Underground Water Tanks with pumpingUnderground Water Tanks with pumping
machinery for each set of Flats = 19,00,000/-machinery for each set of Flats = 19,00,000/-
5-5- External Electricity = 3,00,000/-External Electricity = 3,00,000/-
6-6- Boundary Wall = 6,00,000/-Boundary Wall = 6,00,000/-
7-7- Miscellaneous unforeseen itemsMiscellaneous unforeseen items
= 8,00,000/-= 8,00,000/-
8-8- Add 6 % development charges.Add 6 % development charges.
9-9- Add 3 % consultancy chargesAdd 3 % consultancy charges

DETAILED ESTIMATEDETAILED ESTIMATE
• Detailed estimates are prepared by carefullyDetailed estimates are prepared by carefully
and separately calculating in detail the costs ofand separately calculating in detail the costs of
various items of the work that constitute thevarious items of the work that constitute the
whole project from the detailed workingwhole project from the detailed working
drawings after the design has been finalizeddrawings after the design has been finalized..
• The mistakes, if any, in the rough cost estimate areThe mistakes, if any, in the rough cost estimate are
eliminated in the detailed estimate.eliminated in the detailed estimate.
• Detailed estimates are submitted to the competentDetailed estimates are submitted to the competent
authorities for obtaining technical sanction.authorities for obtaining technical sanction.

 The whole project is sub-divided into differentThe whole project is sub-divided into different
items of work or activities. The quantity for eachitems of work or activities. The quantity for each
item is then calculated separately from theitem is then calculated separately from the
drawings as accurately as possible. The proceduredrawings as accurately as possible. The procedure
is known asis known as ""taking out of quantitiestaking out of quantities".".
 The quantities for each item may be estimated andThe quantities for each item may be estimated and
shown in the pattern which is calledshown in the pattern which is called ""Bill ofBill of
quantities."quantities."
 The unit, in which each item of the wok is to beThe unit, in which each item of the wok is to be
calculated, should be according to the prevailingcalculated, should be according to the prevailing
practice as followed in various departments of thepractice as followed in various departments of the
country.country.

BILL OF QUANTITIES
Sr. NoSr. No
DescriptionDescription
of itemof item
NoNo MeasurementsMeasurements QuantityQuantity TotalTotal
QuantityQuantity
RemarksRemarks
LengthLength BreadthBreadth HeightHeight

PRICED BILL OF QUANTITIES
Sr. No.Sr. No. Description of ItemDescription of Item UnitUnit QuantityQuantity RateRate CostCost RemarksRemarks

 Each item of the work is then multiplied by itsEach item of the work is then multiplied by its
estimated current rate calculated by a fixed procedureestimated current rate calculated by a fixed procedure
to find outto find out cost of the itemcost of the item..
 At the end, a total of all items of the work are made toAt the end, a total of all items of the work are made to
get theget the total estimated costtotal estimated cost..
 The rates are usually as perThe rates are usually as per Schedule of RatesSchedule of Rates for thefor the
locality plus alocality plus a premiumpremium to allow for rise in labor andto allow for rise in labor and
material rates over and above the schedule of rates.material rates over and above the schedule of rates.
 A percentage, usually 5% is also provided on the totalA percentage, usually 5% is also provided on the total
estimated cost for the work to allow for the possibleestimated cost for the work to allow for the possible
contingenciescontingencies due to unforeseen items or expendituredue to unforeseen items or expenditure
or other causes, besides 2%or other causes, besides 2% establishment chargesestablishment charges..

 Besides drawings and details of measurements andBesides drawings and details of measurements and
calculation of quantities (Bill of Quantities), the followingcalculation of quantities (Bill of Quantities), the following
documentsdocuments are also usually submitted with the detailedare also usually submitted with the detailed
estimate for obtaining Technical Sanction:estimate for obtaining Technical Sanction:
1.1. AA reportreport explaining History, necessity, scope and mainexplaining History, necessity, scope and main
features of the project, its design, and estimate, etc.features of the project, its design, and estimate, etc.
2.2. SpecificationsSpecifications lying down the nature and class of worklying down the nature and class of work
and material to be used in various parts of the work.and material to be used in various parts of the work.
3.3. TheThe abstract of costabstract of cost (priced Bill of Quantities) showing(priced Bill of Quantities) showing
the total quantities under each sub-head, rate per unit ofthe total quantities under each sub-head, rate per unit of
measurement, and cost.measurement, and cost.
4.4. Calculation sheetsCalculation sheets showing calculations for importantshowing calculations for important
parts of the structure. In fact, in estimating the art andparts of the structure. In fact, in estimating the art and
skill lies only in the computation of details without anyskill lies only in the computation of details without any
omissions, of all parts of the building or work.omissions, of all parts of the building or work.

CLASSIFICATION DEPENDING UPONCLASSIFICATION DEPENDING UPON
PURPOSE OF DETAILED ESTIMATEPURPOSE OF DETAILED ESTIMATE
1- CONTRACTOR ESTIMATE1- CONTRACTOR ESTIMATE
It is made by the contractor for determiningIt is made by the contractor for determining
the price or prices to be bid.the price or prices to be bid.
It is usually a carefully prepared detailedIt is usually a carefully prepared detailed
estimateestimate..
2- ENGINEER’S ESTIMATE2- ENGINEER’S ESTIMATE
This type of estimate is made by the EngineerThis type of estimate is made by the Engineer
(Consultant) usually for the purposes of(Consultant) usually for the purposes of
financing the work and for checking bids andfinancing the work and for checking bids and
running bills submitted by contractors.running bills submitted by contractors.

3- PROGRESS ESTIMATES3- PROGRESS ESTIMATES
• These are made by theThese are made by the EngineerEngineer atat
regular intervals for the completed partsregular intervals for the completed parts
of the project during the progress of theof the project during the progress of the
work for determining the amounts ofwork for determining the amounts of
partial payments to be made to thepartial payments to be made to the
contractor.contractor.
• On large contracts, such estimates areOn large contracts, such estimates are
commonly made each month and, hence,commonly made each month and, hence,
are frequently calledare frequently called monthly estimatesmonthly estimates..

UNFORESEEN ITEMS IN DETAILED ESTIMATEUNFORESEEN ITEMS IN DETAILED ESTIMATE
• While preparing a detailed estimate, one had toWhile preparing a detailed estimate, one had to
be very careful to see that all items of the workbe very careful to see that all items of the work
are incorporated.are incorporated.
• It is likely that a few Items, thoughIt is likely that a few Items, though
unimportant in nature, might have beenunimportant in nature, might have been
overlooked and which may result in raising theoverlooked and which may result in raising the
estimate of the project.estimate of the project.
• There may be also certain unforeseenThere may be also certain unforeseen
circumstances affecting the project.circumstances affecting the project.
• Hence, a certain allowance usuallyHence, a certain allowance usually 5 to 10%5 to 10% ofof
the total cost, is made in the estimation whichthe total cost, is made in the estimation which
will take care of all these items that arewill take care of all these items that are
unforeseen or are overlooked and are known asunforeseen or are overlooked and are known as
"Contingencies"."Contingencies".

METHODS OF DETAILED ESTIMATEMETHODS OF DETAILED ESTIMATE
 The dimensions, length, breadth and height or depthThe dimensions, length, breadth and height or depth
are to be taken out from the working drawings (plan,are to be taken out from the working drawings (plan,
elevation and section).elevation and section).
 Junctions of walls, cornersJunctions of walls, corners and theand the meeting pointsmeeting points ofof
walls require special attention.walls require special attention.
 For symmetrical footings, which is the usual case,For symmetrical footings, which is the usual case,
earthwork in excavation in foundations, foundationearthwork in excavation in foundations, foundation
concrete, brickwork in foundation and plinth, andconcrete, brickwork in foundation and plinth, and
brickwork in superstructure may be estimated by eitherbrickwork in superstructure may be estimated by either
of theof the two methodstwo methods::
(1)(1) SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHODSEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD
(2) CENTER LINE METHOD(2) CENTER LINE METHOD

SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHODSEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD
• The walls running in one direction are termed asThe walls running in one direction are termed as
""long wallslong walls”” and the walls running in theand the walls running in the
transverse direction, astransverse direction, as ""Short waLlsShort waLls",", withoutwithout
keeping in mind which wall is lesser in lengthkeeping in mind which wall is lesser in length
and which wall is greater in length.and which wall is greater in length.
• Lengths of long walls are measured or foundLengths of long walls are measured or found
""Out-to outOut-to out"" and those of short walls as "and those of short walls as "In-In-
to-in".to-in".
• DifferentDifferent quantitiesquantities are calculated by multiplyingare calculated by multiplying
the length by the breadth and the height of thethe length by the breadth and the height of the
wall.wall.
• The same rule applies to the excavation inThe same rule applies to the excavation in
foundation, to concrete bed in foundation,foundation, to concrete bed in foundation,
D.P.C., masonry in foundation and superD.P.C., masonry in foundation and super
structure etc.structure etc.

• For symmetrical footing on either side, theFor symmetrical footing on either side, the
center line remains same for super structure,center line remains same for super structure,
foundation and plinth. So, the simple method isfoundation and plinth. So, the simple method is
to find out the centre-to-centre lengths of longto find out the centre-to-centre lengths of long
walls and short walls from the plan.walls and short walls from the plan.
• Long wall length out-to-outLong wall length out-to-out
= Center to center length + half breadth on= Center to center length + half breadth on
one Side + half breadth on other side.one Side + half breadth on other side.
= Center to center length + one breadth= Center to center length + one breadth
• Short wall length in-to-inShort wall length in-to-in = Center to Center= Center to Center
length - one breadth.length - one breadth.

This method can also be worked out in a quicker way., as follows:This method can also be worked out in a quicker way., as follows:
 For long wallsFor long walls
• First of all, find the length of theFirst of all, find the length of the foundation trenchfoundation trench of the longof the long
wallwall “out-to-out”“out-to-out” in the same manner as explained above.in the same manner as explained above.
• The length of theThe length of the foundation concretefoundation concrete is the same.is the same.
• For the length of theFor the length of the first footingfirst footing or first step of the brick wall,or first step of the brick wall,
subtract two offsets (2x6"=12") in foundation concrete from thesubtract two offsets (2x6"=12") in foundation concrete from the
length of the trench or concrete.length of the trench or concrete.
• For theFor the second footingsecond footing subtract from the length of the 1st footingsubtract from the length of the 1st footing
two offsets (2x2.25"= 4.5"), fortwo offsets (2x2.25"= 4.5"), for 3rd footing3rd footing subtract from thesubtract from the
length of the 2nd footing 2 offsets (4.5") and in this way deallength of the 2nd footing 2 offsets (4.5") and in this way deal
with the long walls up to the super-structure.with the long walls up to the super-structure.
 For short wallsFor short walls
Follow he same method but instead of subtracting add twoFollow he same method but instead of subtracting add two
offsets to get the corresponding lengthsoffsets to get the corresponding lengths in-to-inin-to-in..

Foundation
Trench
1 Breadth2 1 Breadth2

CENTRE LINE METHODCENTRE LINE METHOD
 In this method, total length of centre lines of walls,In this method, total length of centre lines of walls,
long and short, has to be found out.long and short, has to be found out.
 Find the total length of centre lines of walls of sameFind the total length of centre lines of walls of same
type, having same type of foundations and footings andtype, having same type of foundations and footings and
then find the quantities by multiplying the total centrethen find the quantities by multiplying the total centre
length by the respective breadth and the height.length by the respective breadth and the height.
 In this method, the length will remain the same forIn this method, the length will remain the same for
excavation in foundations, for concrete in foundations,excavation in foundations, for concrete in foundations,
for all footings, and for superstructure (with slightfor all footings, and for superstructure (with slight
difference when there are cross walls or number ofdifference when there are cross walls or number of
junctions).junctions).
 This method is quicker but requires special attentionThis method is quicker but requires special attention
and considerations at the junctions, meeting points ofand considerations at the junctions, meeting points of
partition or cross walls.partition or cross walls.

 For rectangular, circular polygonal (hexagonal,For rectangular, circular polygonal (hexagonal,
octagonal etc) buildings having no inter or crossoctagonal etc) buildings having no inter or cross
walls, this method is quite simple.walls, this method is quite simple.
 For buildings having cross or partition walls, forFor buildings having cross or partition walls, for
every junction, half breadth of the respectiveevery junction, half breadth of the respective
item or footing is to be deducted from the totalitem or footing is to be deducted from the total
centre length.centre length.
 Thus in the case of a building with one partitionThus in the case of a building with one partition
wall or cross wall having two junctions, deductwall or cross wall having two junctions, deduct
one breadth of the respective item of work fromone breadth of the respective item of work from
the total centre length.the total centre length.

 For buildings having different types of walls, each set ofFor buildings having different types of walls, each set of
walls shall have to be dealt separately.walls shall have to be dealt separately.
 Find the total centre length of all walls of one type andFind the total centre length of all walls of one type and
proceed in the same manner as described above. Similarlyproceed in the same manner as described above. Similarly
find the total centre length of walls of second type and dealfind the total centre length of walls of second type and deal
this separately, and so on.this separately, and so on.
 Suppose the outer walls (main walls) are of A type andSuppose the outer walls (main walls) are of A type and
inner cross walls are of B type.inner cross walls are of B type.
 Then all A type walls shall be taken jointly first, and then allThen all A type walls shall be taken jointly first, and then all
B type walls shall be taken together separately.B type walls shall be taken together separately.
 In such cases, no deduction of any kind need be made for AIn such cases, no deduction of any kind need be made for A
type walls, but when B type walls are taken, for eachtype walls, but when B type walls are taken, for each
junction deduction of half breadth of A type walls (mainjunction deduction of half breadth of A type walls (main
Walls) shall have to be made from the total centre length ofWalls) shall have to be made from the total centre length of
B type walls.B type walls.

 At corners of the building where two wallsAt corners of the building where two walls
are meeting, no subtraction or addition isare meeting, no subtraction or addition is
required.required.
 In the figure, the double cross-hatchedIn the figure, the double cross-hatched
areas marked P,Q,R, & S come twice,areas marked P,Q,R, & S come twice,
while blank areas, A,B,C, & D do not comewhile blank areas, A,B,C, & D do not come
at all, but these portions being equal inat all, but these portions being equal in
magnitude, we get the correct quantity.magnitude, we get the correct quantity.

DESCRIPTION AND UNITS OFDESCRIPTION AND UNITS OF
MEASUREMENT FORMEASUREMENT FOR
COMMON ITEMSCOMMON ITEMS

1 = SITE CLEARANCE WORKS1 = SITE CLEARANCE WORKS
• This item is described in detail butThis item is described in detail but
the price of this item is usuallythe price of this item is usually
indicated asindicated as lump sum (LS).lump sum (LS).
• The cost of this item is provided inThe cost of this item is provided in
the estimate by judgment, accordingthe estimate by judgment, according
to the description of the item and isto the description of the item and is
indicated asindicated as Lump sum (L.S).Lump sum (L.S).

2 = EXCAVATION FOR FOUNDATION TRENCHES2 = EXCAVATION FOR FOUNDATION TRENCHES
• Earthwork in excavation for foundationEarthwork in excavation for foundation
trenches is calculated by taking thetrenches is calculated by taking the
dimensions of each trench asdimensions of each trench as length Xlength X
breadth X depth.breadth X depth.
• It is measured in cubic ft, cubic yard orIt is measured in cubic ft, cubic yard or
cubic meter, according to the prevailingcubic meter, according to the prevailing
practice.practice.
• The payment for this item is generallyThe payment for this item is generally
done as Rs. per hundred cubic ft.done as Rs. per hundred cubic ft.

FILLING IN TRENCHESFILLING IN TRENCHES
 Filling in trenchesFilling in trenches after theafter the
construction of foundationconstruction of foundation
masonry is ordinary neglected. Ifmasonry is ordinary neglected. If
the trench filling is, also taken inthe trench filling is, also taken in
account, it may be calculated byaccount, it may be calculated by
deducing the volume of masonrydeducing the volume of masonry
in trenches from that of thein trenches from that of the
volume of excavation.volume of excavation.

3 = FOUNDATION CONCRETE (P.C.C.)3 = FOUNDATION CONCRETE (P.C.C.)
• The type of concrete must be clearlyThe type of concrete must be clearly
mentioned. The mix proportions and the type ofmentioned. The mix proportions and the type of
cement, sand and coarse aggregate must becement, sand and coarse aggregate must be
specified.specified.
• This item is measured in cubic ft and theThis item is measured in cubic ft and the
unit for measurement is, generally Rs. perunit for measurement is, generally Rs. per
100 cubic ft.100 cubic ft.
• When the soil is soft or weak, one layer ofWhen the soil is soft or weak, one layer of drydry
bricks or stone solingbricks or stone soling is applied below theis applied below the
foundation concrete. The soling layer isfoundation concrete. The soling layer is
computed incomputed in sq.ft (length X breadth),sq.ft (length X breadth), specifyingspecifying
the thickness in description of item.the thickness in description of item.

4 = BRICKWORK IN FOUNDATION UP TO PLINTH4 = BRICKWORK IN FOUNDATION UP TO PLINTH
 Care must be taken, while taking dimensionsCare must be taken, while taking dimensions
from the drawings in the bill of quantitiesfrom the drawings in the bill of quantities
because the walls in this part of the structurebecause the walls in this part of the structure
are in the form of steps with changingare in the form of steps with changing
dimensions.dimensions.
 This item is calculated in cft and the unit forThis item is calculated in cft and the unit for
payment is Rs. per 100 cft.payment is Rs. per 100 cft.
 In the description of work, the quality of bricksIn the description of work, the quality of bricks
and mortar ratio must be specified. For example,and mortar ratio must be specified. For example,
"Brickwork in foundation and plinth using first"Brickwork in foundation and plinth using first
class bricks laid in (1:4) or (1:6) cement-sandclass bricks laid in (1:4) or (1:6) cement-sand
(c/s) mortar———————“(c/s) mortar———————“

5 = BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE5 = BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE
Important considerations are:Important considerations are:
a =a = Measurements of walls shall be taken in theMeasurements of walls shall be taken in the
same order and in the same manner as forsame order and in the same manner as for
brickwork in foundations and plinth.brickwork in foundations and plinth.
b =b = In the first measurements, all openingsIn the first measurements, all openings
such as doors, windows, veranda openings etc.such as doors, windows, veranda openings etc.
shall be neglected. However, deductions shallshall be neglected. However, deductions shall
be made for all openings in the walls, at thebe made for all openings in the walls, at the
end of the item.end of the item.

BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE (ctd)BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE (ctd)
c = In the description of the work, thec = In the description of the work, the qualityquality
of bricks and mortar ratioof bricks and mortar ratio have to be specified.have to be specified.
d =d = Masonry for archesMasonry for arches shall be paid separately,shall be paid separately,
at a different rate.at a different rate.
e = The height of super structure is verye = The height of super structure is very
important. Generally the quantities areimportant. Generally the quantities are
worked out for each storey separately andworked out for each storey separately and
rates would be different for different storeisrates would be different for different storeis
because of additional labor work, scaffoldingbecause of additional labor work, scaffolding
and shuttering.and shuttering.
f =f = The item is worked out in cft and theThe item is worked out in cft and the
standard unit for payment is Rs. Per 100 cft.standard unit for payment is Rs. Per 100 cft.

6 = DAMP PROOF COURSE (D.P.C.)6 = DAMP PROOF COURSE (D.P.C.)
 Horizontal D.P.C.Horizontal D.P.C. shall extend the full width ofshall extend the full width of
the super structure walls, however, it shall notthe super structure walls, however, it shall not
be provided across doorways and verandabe provided across doorways and veranda
openings. It is also provided in roof and floors.openings. It is also provided in roof and floors.
 Vertical D.P.C.Vertical D.P.C. is provided in external walls,is provided in external walls,
especially, in the walls of basements.especially, in the walls of basements.
 The quantity of D.P.C. is estimated in square ft.The quantity of D.P.C. is estimated in square ft.
(on area basis) and standard unit for payment(on area basis) and standard unit for payment
is Rs. per 100 sft.is Rs. per 100 sft.

7 = ROOFING & RCC WORKS7 = ROOFING & RCC WORKS
 Area of theArea of the Roof slabRoof slab is calculated by taking insideis calculated by taking inside
dimensions of the room plus a bearing of the roof slabdimensions of the room plus a bearing of the roof slab
on the walls, on all sides.on the walls, on all sides.
 For R.C.C. Roof slabs and beamsFor R.C.C. Roof slabs and beams, the total quantities, the total quantities
of concrete and steel are estimated, separately.of concrete and steel are estimated, separately.
 The quantity of plain concrete is estimated in cft andThe quantity of plain concrete is estimated in cft and
the standard unit for payment of concrete is Rs. perthe standard unit for payment of concrete is Rs. per
100 cft.100 cft.
 Volume ofVolume of Reinforcing SteelReinforcing Steel is not deducted , whileis not deducted , while
estimating the volume of plain concrete for payment.estimating the volume of plain concrete for payment.
 c =c = R.C.C. lintelsR.C.C. lintels over wall openings such as doorsover wall openings such as doors
and windows are also included in R.C.C. work.and windows are also included in R.C.C. work.

ROOFING & RCC WORKS (ctd)ROOFING & RCC WORKS (ctd)
• Roof consisting of beams, battens, and tiles or woodenRoof consisting of beams, battens, and tiles or wooden
planks is estimated for each part, separately.planks is estimated for each part, separately.
Steel beam is estimated by weight, whereas, woodenSteel beam is estimated by weight, whereas, wooden
beam is measured in cft. Battens are estimated bybeam is measured in cft. Battens are estimated by
numbers indicating there size and lengths. Tiles arenumbers indicating there size and lengths. Tiles are
also estimated by size and numbers.also estimated by size and numbers.
• Roof finishingRoof finishing may consist of bitumen coating and/ormay consist of bitumen coating and/or
Polythene sheets (water proofing) , earth filling (heatPolythene sheets (water proofing) , earth filling (heat
proofing) and brick tiles, etc.proofing) and brick tiles, etc.
Dimensions are taken from inner face to inner face ofDimensions are taken from inner face to inner face of
parapet walls.parapet walls.
This item is estimated in sft and a composite rate forThis item is estimated in sft and a composite rate for
payment is taken as Rs. per 100 sft of the roof area.payment is taken as Rs. per 100 sft of the roof area.

8 = REINFORCEMENT STEEL /8 = REINFORCEMENT STEEL /
GENERAL STEEL WORKGENERAL STEEL WORK
 Steel is provided separately from R.C.C.Steel is provided separately from R.C.C.
per ton, per Kg, or per cwt (standardper ton, per Kg, or per cwt (standard
weight also calledweight also called Quintal or centuryQuintal or century
weightweight equal to 112 Ibs = 50Kg).equal to 112 Ibs = 50Kg).
 Quantity of steel can either be workedQuantity of steel can either be worked
out byout by rules of thumb practicerules of thumb practice or byor by
intensive calculationsintensive calculations taking the lengthtaking the length
and diameter of steel bars from theand diameter of steel bars from the
working drawings showing reinforcementworking drawings showing reinforcement
details and bar-bending schedules. Indetails and bar-bending schedules. In
taking length of bars, due margin oftaking length of bars, due margin of
hooks, bends and overlappinghooks, bends and overlapping is givenis given

REINFORCEMENT STEEL / GENERAL STEELREINFORCEMENT STEEL / GENERAL STEEL
WORK (-ctd-)WORK (-ctd-)
 As aAs a Rule Of Thumb PracticeRule Of Thumb Practice,,
forfor ordinary beams and slabs for residences,ordinary beams and slabs for residences,
assume 6.75 Ibs of steel per cft of R.C.C. work.assume 6.75 Ibs of steel per cft of R.C.C. work.
However, for R.C.C. columns, it varies from 8However, for R.C.C. columns, it varies from 8
to 10 Ibs per cft., because normally, we useto 10 Ibs per cft., because normally, we use
2% of steel in columns.2% of steel in columns.
 Percentage of steelPercentage of steel means, area of steel dividedmeans, area of steel divided
by total area of the column multiplied by 100by total area of the column multiplied by 100
and 1% of steel in columns corresponds to aand 1% of steel in columns corresponds to a
quantity of 4.5 Ibs/cft.quantity of 4.5 Ibs/cft.

9 = FLOORS9 = FLOORS
 Cement concrete floors. Mosaic floors, and brickCement concrete floors. Mosaic floors, and brick
floors are most commonly used.floors are most commonly used.
 Payments are made separately for differentPayments are made separately for different
layers, like, topping, lean concrete, sand filling,layers, like, topping, lean concrete, sand filling,
earth filling, etc.earth filling, etc.
 Earth filling, sand filling and lean concrete areEarth filling, sand filling and lean concrete are
paid by volume, whereas, topping is paid onpaid by volume, whereas, topping is paid on
area basis, mentioning thickness in thearea basis, mentioning thickness in the
description.description.
 Standard unit for payment of topping is, usually,Standard unit for payment of topping is, usually,
Rs. per 100 sft.Rs. per 100 sft.
 TheThe skirtingskirting is estimated in running ft.is estimated in running ft.

10 = PLASTERING10 = PLASTERING
 The type of plaster, proportioning of materialsThe type of plaster, proportioning of materials
and minimum thickness of plaster have to beand minimum thickness of plaster have to be
specified.specified.
 The quantity is calculated for total wall surfaceThe quantity is calculated for total wall surface
without deduction for openings such as doorswithout deduction for openings such as doors
windows, ventilators, etc. However, if the wall iswindows, ventilators, etc. However, if the wall is
being plastered on both the faces, the deductionsbeing plastered on both the faces, the deductions
for opening areas are made from one side only.for opening areas are made from one side only.
 Standard unit for payment is Rs. per 100 sft.Standard unit for payment is Rs. per 100 sft.
 HeightHeight is also specified for plastering because, foris also specified for plastering because, for
greater heights, labor cost increases. The rategreater heights, labor cost increases. The rate
varies according to the number of the storeyvaries according to the number of the storey

11 = WOODWORK/CARPENTRY11 = WOODWORK/CARPENTRY
 The type of material used and the quantity ofThe type of material used and the quantity of
finish required should be clearly indicated in thefinish required should be clearly indicated in the
description of the item.description of the item.
 The rate for any type of woodwork includesThe rate for any type of woodwork includes
cutting of timber to required sizes, joinerycutting of timber to required sizes, joinery
work, fittings and fastenings, three coats of oilwork, fittings and fastenings, three coats of oil
paints or varnish, bolts, locks, handles, etc.paints or varnish, bolts, locks, handles, etc.
 The measurements are taken for the overallThe measurements are taken for the overall
area of doors, windows, etc.area of doors, windows, etc. If volume ofIf volume of
timber required for these items is to be findingtimber required for these items is to be finding
out, the computed area is multiplied with theout, the computed area is multiplied with the
nominal thickness and an allowance of 25% isnominal thickness and an allowance of 25% is
made for wastage of timber.made for wastage of timber.

WOODWORK/CARPENTRY (-ctd-)WOODWORK/CARPENTRY (-ctd-)
 Rectangular wooden beams, verticalRectangular wooden beams, vertical
columns, trusses, etc., are measured incolumns, trusses, etc., are measured in
cft.cft.
 Wooden stairs are measured in numberWooden stairs are measured in number
of steps and description of the itemof steps and description of the item
includes the riser, tread, and width of theincludes the riser, tread, and width of the
steps.steps.
 Wooden shelves are measured in runningWooden shelves are measured in running
ft (RFT).ft (RFT).

12 = PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS12 = PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS
 For water supply and drainage works in aFor water supply and drainage works in a
building, the pipe lines and sewer lines arebuilding, the pipe lines and sewer lines are
measured in RFT, while other items aremeasured in RFT, while other items are
measured in numbers.measured in numbers.
 These items include wash hand basinsThese items include wash hand basins
(W.H.B.), kitchen basins (which may be of(W.H.B.), kitchen basins (which may be of
glazed ceramic, mosaic, or stainless steel),glazed ceramic, mosaic, or stainless steel),
water closets (W.C., which may be of Europeanwater closets (W.C., which may be of European
type, or local type), flushing tanks (alsotype, or local type), flushing tanks (also
known as flushing cisterns), shower rose, andknown as flushing cisterns), shower rose, and
all type of water tapes.all type of water tapes.

PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS (-ctd-)PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS (-ctd-)
 Within sewer lines,Within sewer lines, man holes or inspection chambersman holes or inspection chambers areare
to be provided at every corner and also at a distance, notto be provided at every corner and also at a distance, not
exceeding every 50 ft inside the house and every 100 ftexceeding every 50 ft inside the house and every 100 ft
outside the house.outside the house.
 TheThe size of man holesize of man hole may bemay be 2.5ft X 2,5ft2.5ft X 2,5ft for low depthsfor low depths
and 3ft X 3ft, 4ft X 4ft or 5ft X 5ft for deep depths.and 3ft X 3ft, 4ft X 4ft or 5ft X 5ft for deep depths.
 Drainage pipe lines outside the covered area but inside theDrainage pipe lines outside the covered area but inside the
boundary wallboundary wall are, usually, of R.C.C. with minimumare, usually, of R.C.C. with minimum
diameter 4 in, however, these are available in differentdiameter 4 in, however, these are available in different
sizes.sizes.
 Inside the buildingInside the building, drainage pipe is, usually, of C.I. with, drainage pipe is, usually, of C.I. with
minimum diameter 3 in.minimum diameter 3 in.
 Water supply pipes are, usually, G.I. pipes., estimated inWater supply pipes are, usually, G.I. pipes., estimated in
RFT in different dias.RFT in different dias.
 Other accessories, like sockets, elbows, tees, reducers,Other accessories, like sockets, elbows, tees, reducers,
unions, etc., are estimated in numbers.unions, etc., are estimated in numbers.

13 = ELECTRIC FITTINGS13 = ELECTRIC FITTINGS
• All the accessories used in electricAll the accessories used in electric
fittings are described in detail andfittings are described in detail and
payment is done in numbers or RFTpayment is done in numbers or RFT..
• AllAll wires and pipeswires and pipes are taken in RFTare taken in RFT
while other items are taken in No’s.while other items are taken in No’s.

SOME COMMON RELATIONSSOME COMMON RELATIONS
USED IN BUILDINGUSED IN BUILDING
ESTIMATESESTIMATES

1- MORTARS
(a) Cement-Sand Mortars
120 cft dry yields 100 cft wet
(b) Lime-Sand Mortars
(C) Cement-Lime-Sand Mortars
(d) Dry mortar required for 100 sft of ½” thick cement
plaster =6 cft

2- CEMENT CONCRETE
3- BRICKWORK
(a) 100 cft Brick masonary Bricks ------------1350
Dry Mortar ------- 30 cft
Wet Mortar ------- 25 cft
(b) 100 sft surface area using bricks on bed
Bricks --------------360
Mortar ------------- 9 cft
(b) 100 sft surface area using bricks on edge
Bricks --------------540
Mortar ------------- 13 cft

4- POINTING PER 1000 SFT AREA
Ingredient 1:1 1:2 1:3
Cement 8 cft 5 cft 3.8 cft
Sand 8 cft 10 cft 11.4 cft
5- EARTHWORK
Output of labor assuming one man working 8 hours per day with lift up to
5 ft or less
TYPE OF SOIL EXCAVATION PER DAY
Medium Soil 75 – 100 cft
Hard / Stiff Soil 50 – 75 cft
Rocky Soil 25 – 30 cft

6- BITUMEN
Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg
Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (second
coat)
= 10 Kg
7- CEMENT
1 Bag ------------- 50 Kg (Weight), 1.25 cft (Volume)
8- SPECIFIC WEIGHTS
RCC --------------- 150 lbs / cft
PCC --------------- 145 lbs / cft
Aggregate ------- 166 lbs / cft

9- TIMBER
Timber for 100 sft of Panelled Doors and
Windows = 13 cft
Timber for 100 sft of Glazed windows and
Ventilators = 8 cft
10- WHITE WASH
Lime for 100 sft of white wash (one coat) = 1.00 Kg

ESTIMATION OF A SIMPLEESTIMATION OF A SIMPLE
BUILDINGBUILDING

SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS
 Clear height of roomsClear height of rooms:: 12’12’
 Clear height of VerandahClear height of Verandah:: 10’-0”10’-0”
 Plinth levelPlinth level:: 1’-6”1’-6”
 Thickness of roof slabThickness of roof slab:: 4”4”
 Thickness of RCC shadeThickness of RCC shade:: 3”3”
 Depth of RCC Beams in VerandahDepth of RCC Beams in Verandah:: 1’-6” below verandah slab1’-6” below verandah slab
 Parapet wallParapet wall:: 1’-0” (Clear height above roof tiles)1’-0” (Clear height above roof tiles)
 Ventilators (4 No.)Ventilators (4 No.):: 2’-6” x 1’-6”2’-6” x 1’-6”
 RCC lintelRCC lintel:: 6” in depth6” in depth
 Damp proof coarseDamp proof coarse:: 1 ½”thick PCC (1:2:4) + 2 coats of hot1 ½”thick PCC (1:2:4) + 2 coats of hot
bitumen + polythene sheetbitumen + polythene sheet
 Full foundationFull foundation up to plinth level along verandah periphery isup to plinth level along verandah periphery is
providedprovided
 Internal finishesInternal finishes:: Three coats of white wash/distemper paintThree coats of white wash/distemper paint
 External finishesExternal finishes:: Three coats of Weather shield paintThree coats of Weather shield paint

Center to Center LengthsCenter to Center Lengths
 L1 =L1 = (10’-0”) + (12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) +(10’-0”) + (12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) +
(0’-4 ½”) =(0’-4 ½”) = 23’-1 ½”23’-1 ½”
 S1& S2 =S1& S2 = (12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) =(12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) = 12’-9”12’-9”
 S3 =S3 = (8’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) - (0’-4 ½”) =(8’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) - (0’-4 ½”) = 8’-0”8’-0”

BILL OF QUANTITIESBILL OF QUANTITIES
1- CIVIL WORKS1- CIVIL WORKS
S.
No
Description of item No Measurement Quantity Total Quantity Remarks
Length Breadth Depth
1 Earthwork for
excavation
in
foundation
trenches
L1 3 25’-7 ½ //
2’-6” 3’-6” 224.22 cft 672.66 cft L = 23’-1 ½”+2’-6” = 25’-7 ½”
S1 2 10’-3” 2’-6” 3’-6” 89.69 cft 179 .38 cft L = 12’-9”-(2’-6)” = 10’-3”
S2 1 10’-3” 2’-1 ½ ” 3’-6” 76.23 cft 76.23 cft L = 12’-9”-(2’-6)” = 10’-3”
S3 2 5’-6” 2’-6” 3’-6” 48.13 cft 96.25 cft L = 8’-0”-(2’-6)” = 5’-6”
Total = 1024.52 cft

2
Earth work in
filing under
floors
Room No.1 1 12’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6 ½ ” 78.00 cft 78.00 cft D = 1’-6”-(0’-11 ½”) = 6 1/2”
Room No.2 1 10’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6 ½ ” 65.00 cft 65.00 cft
Veranda 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’-3” 0’-6 ½” 87.87 cft 87.87 cft L = 10’-0”+(0’-4½”)+(12’-0”)
= 22’-4 ½”
B = 8’-0”-(0’-9)”= 7’-3”
Total = 230.87 cft
3
P.C.C (1:4:8) in
foundation using
crushed or
broken stones
Length & Breadth
same as for
Foundation trenches
(Item No. 1)
L1 3 25’-7 ½ ” 2’-6” 0’-6” 32.00 cft 96.00 cft
S1 2 10’-3” 2’-6” 0’-6” 12.81 cft 25.63 cft
S2 1 10’-3 2’-1 ½” 0’-6” 10.89 cft 10.89 cft
S3 2 5’-6 2’-6” 0’-6” 6.87 cft 13.75 cft
Total= 146.27 cft

4
Burnt brick work
in foundation and
plinth using first
class bricks in
(1:6) cements
sand mortar.
(a) L1
1st
step 3 24’-7 ½ ” 1’-6” 0’-6” 18.47 cft 55.40 cft L = 23’-1½”+(1’-6”) = 24’-7½”
2nd
step 3 24’-3” 1’-1 ½ “ 0’-6” 13.64 cft 40.92 cft L = 23’-1½”+(1’-1½”) = 24’-3”
3rd
step up to plinth
level
3 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½” 60.43 cft 181.30
cft
L = 23’-1½”+(0’-9”) =
23’-10½”
D = 2’-0” +(1’-6”) –(0’-1 ½”)
= 3’-4 ½”
Total= 277.62
cft
(b) S1
1st
step 2 11’-3” 1’-6” 0’-6” 8.44 cft 16.88 cft L = 12’-9”-(1’-6”) = 11’-3”
2nd
step 2 11’-7 ½ ” 1’-1 ½ ” 0’-6” 6.54 cft 13.08 cft L = 12’-9”-( 1’-1½”) = 11’-7½”
3rd
step up to plinth
level
2 12’-0” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½ ” 30.37 cft 60.75 cft L = 12’-9”-( 0’-9”) = 12’-0”
Total= 90.71 cft

(c) S2
1st
step 1 11’-3” 1’-1 ½ ” 0’-6” 6.33 cft 6.33 cft L = 12’-9”-(1’-6 ”) = 11’-3”
2nd
step 1 11’-7 ½ ” 0’-9 ” 0’-6” 4.36 cft 4.36 cft L = 12’-9”-( 1’-1½”)= 11’-7½”
3rd
step up to plinth
level
1 12’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 3’-4 ½ ” 15.19 cft 15.19 cft L = 12’-9”-( 0’-9”) = 12’-0”
Total= 25.88 cft
(d)S3
1st
step 2 6’-6” 1’-6” 0’-6” 4.87 cft 9.75 cft L = 8’-0”-(1’6”) = 6’-6’
2nd
step 2 6’-10 ½ ” 1’-1 ½” 0’-6” 3.86 cft 7.73 cft L = 8’-0”-(1’-1½”) = 6’-10½”
3rd
step up to plinth
level
2 7’-3” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½ ” 18.35 cft 36.70 cft L = 8’-0”-(0’-9”) = 7’-3”
Total= 54.18 cft
(e) steps in front of
verandah
1st
step 1 23’-10 ½” 2’-0” 0’-6” 23.88 cft 23.88 cft L = 23’-1½”+(0’-4½”) +
(0’-4½”) =23’-10½”
2nd
step 1 23’-10 ½” 1’-0” 0’-6” 11.94 cft 11.94 cft
Total= 35.82 cft
G.Total= 484.21 cft

5
1-1/2” thick P.C.C
(1:2:4) in DPC
including two
coats of hot
bitumen & 2
layers of
Polythene sheet
Length &
Breadth same
as for plinth
wall
L1
2 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” - 17.9 sft 35.81 sft
S1
2 12’-0” 0’-9” - 9.00 sft 18.00 sft
S2 1 12’-0” 0’-4 ½” - 4.5 sft 4.50 sft
Verandah columns 3 0’-9” 0’-9” - 0.56 sft 1.69 sft
Total = 60.00 sft
Deduction of Door sills 1 4’-0” 0’-9” - 3.00 sft 3.00 sft
1 4’-0’ 0’-4 ½” - 1.50 sft 1.50sft
Total= 4.50 sft
Net Total = 55.50 sft

6
Brick work in
super structure
using first class
bricks in (1:4)
cement sand
mortar
Length & Breadth
same as for plinth
wall
L1 2 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 13’-10 ½” 248.45 cft 496.90 cft H = 12’-0” (Room height) +
0’-4” ( Slab) + 0’-4’’ (Earth
filling) + 0’-1”(Mud plaster)
+ 0’-1½” (Tiles) + 1’-0”
(P. wall)
= 13’-10½”
S1 2 12’-0” 0’-9” 13’-10 ½” 124.87 cft 249.75 cft
S2 1 12’-0” 0’-4½ ” 12’-0” 54.00 cft 54.00 cft No Parapet Walls
Verandah columns 3 0’-9” 0’-9” 8’-6” 4.78 cft 14.34 cft H=10’-0”- (1’-6”)=8’-6”
Verandah parapet walls
(i) L1 1 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 1’-6 ½” 27.60 cft 27.60 cft H = 0’-4” (Earth filling) + 0’-
1” (Mud plaster) +
0’-1½” (Tiles) + 1’-0” (P.
walls) = 1’-6½”
(ii) S3 2 7’-3” 0’-9” 1’-6 ½ ” 8.38 cft 16.76 cft
Total= 859.35 cft

Deduction
Doors 1 4’-0” 0’-9” 7’-0” 21.00 cft 21.00 cft
1 4’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 7’-0” 10.5 cft 10.50 cft
Windows 3 4’-0” 0’-9” 4’-0” 12.00 cft 36.0 cft
Ventilators 4 2’-6” 0’-9” 1’--6” 2.81 cft 11.25 cft
Shelves 2 4’-0” 0’-6” 5’-0” 10.00 cft 20.00 cft
RCC lintels over
(i)doors 1 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 1.87 cft
1 5’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 0’-6’ 0.93 cft 0.93 cft
(ii)Windows 3 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 5.62 cft
(iii)Ventilators 4 3’-6” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.31 cft 5.25 cft
(iv)Shelves 2 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
Total = 116.18 cft
Net Total = 743.17 cft

7 Reinforced
cement
concrete
(1:2:4) as in
roof slab,
lintels,
columns,
beams etc.,
(reinforcement
will be
measured
separately)
There is 4½”
bearing of both
slabs on all walls
Roof slab of
rooms
1 23’-1 ½” 12’-9” 0’-4” 98.28 cft 98.28 cft L = 10”-0” + 12’-0” +
0’-4½” + 0’-9” (2
bearings) = 23’-1½”
B = 12’-0” + 0-
4½”(bearing) + 0’-
4½”(bearing) = 12’-9”
Roof slab of
Verandah
1 23’-10 ½ ” 8’-4 ½ ” 0’-4” 66.65 cft 66.65 cft B = 8’-0” + 0’-4½”
(bearing) = 8’-4½”
Verandah
beam
Long beam 1 23’-1 0½” 0’-9” 1’-6” 26.86 cft 26.86 cft
Short beam 2 7’-7 ½ ” 0’-9” 1’-6” 8.59 cft 17.18 cft L=8’-0”-(0’-9”) + (0’-
4½”) = 7’-7½”

Lintels
Doors 1 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 1.87 cft
1 5’-0” 0’-4½ ” 0’-6’ 0.93 cft 0.93 cft
Windows 3 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 5.62 cft
Ventilators 4 3’-6” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.31 cft 5.25 cft
Shelves 2 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
Shades 2 5’-0” 1’-6” 0’-3” 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
Total= 226.39 cft

8 Mild steel round
bars as
reinforcement
including cutting,
bending, binding
and placing
reinforcement in
position
6.75 lbs/cft
steel of
226.39 cft
concrete
=1528.13
lbs
Total= 1529.00 lbs
9 Roof insulation
comprising of 2
coats of hot
bitumen, 4” thick
earth filling, 1”
thick mud plaster
and 1-1/2” thick
brick tiles jointed
and pointed in
cement sand mortar
(1:3)
Rooms (1 & 2) 1 22’-4 ½ ” 12’-0” - 268.50
sft
268.5 sft L = 10’-0”+ (12”-
0”) + (0’-4½”)
= 22’- 4-½”
Verandah 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’-3” - 162.22
cft
162.22 cft B = 8’- 0”- (0’-9”) =
7’-3”
Total = 430.72 sft

10 Sand under floors
Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6” 60.00 cft 60.00 cft
Room No.2 1 12’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6” 72.00 cft 72.00 cft
Verandah 1 22’-4½ ” 7’-3” 0’-6” 81.11 cft 81.11 cft
Total = 213.11 cft
11 Cement concrete
(1:4:8) as under
layer of floors
Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” 0’-4” 40.00 cft 40.00 cft
Room No.2 1 12’-0” 12’-0” 0’-4” 48.00 cft 48.00 cft
Verandah 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’-3” 0’-4” 54.07 cft 54.07 cft
Total = 142.07 cft

12 1-1/2” thick
cement
concrete
(1:2:4) as top
layer of floor,
finished
smooth
Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” - 120.00
sft
120.00 sft
Room No.2 1 12’-0” 12’-0” - 144.00
sft
144.00 sft
Verandah 1 23’-10 ½” 8’-0” - 191.00
sft
191.00 sft L = 10’-0” + (12’-0”) +
(0’-4 ½ ”) + (0’-9”) +
(0’-9”) = 23’-10 ½ ”
Door sill 1 1 4’-0’ 0’-9” - 3.00 sft 3.00 sft
Door sill 1 1 4’-0” 0’-4 ½
”
- 1.50sft 1.50sft
Total= 459.5 sft
Deduction
Columns 3 0’-9” 0’-9” - 0.56 sft 1.68sft
Net
Total=
457.80 sft

13
½” thick (1:3)
cement sand
plaster to walls
finished smooth
Inner side
Room No.1 (Long wall) 2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Room No.1(Short wall) 2 10’-0” - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 240.00 sft
Room No.1 (Ceiling) 1 10’-0” - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 120.00 sft
Room No.2 (Long wall) 2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Room No.2(Short wall) 2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Verandah wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 10’-0” 238.75 sft 238.75 sft L = (10’-0”) + (12’-0”) +
(0’-4½ “) +(0’-9”)+ (0’-9”)
= 23’-10 ½ “
Verandah ceiling 1 22’-4 ½” - 7’ –3” 162.26 sft 162.26 sft L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)
+(0’-4 ½ “) = 22’-½“+(0’-4 ½ “) = 22’-½“
Columns 3 3’-0” - 8’-6” 25.50 sft 76.5 sft L = (0’-9”) + (0’-9”) +
(0’-9”) + (0’-9”) = 3’-0 ”
Long beam (internal
side)
1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-6” 33.55 sft 33.55 sft
Long beam (soffit) 2 10’-9 ¾” - 0’-9” 8.10 sft 16.21 sft L={(22’-4 ½”)-(0’-9”)}/2
=10’-9¾”
Short beam (internal
sides)
2 7’-3” - 1’-6” 10.87 sft 21.74 sft L={(8’-0”)-(0’-9”)}L={(8’-0”)-(0’-9”)}
= 7’-3”= 7’-3”
Short beam (soffit) 2 7’-3” - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft

Door jambs 2 0’-9” - 7’-0” 5.25 sft 10.50 sft
2 0’-4½” - 7’-0” 2.63 sft 5.25 sft
1 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.0 sft 1.50 sft
1 0’-4½” - 4’-0” 1.50 sft 3.00 sft
Window jambs 6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
Ventilator jambs 8 0’-9” - 2’-6” 1.88 sft 15.00 sft
8 0’-9” - 1’-6” 1.19 sft 9.00 sft
Shelves 4 0’-6” - 5’-0” 2.5 sft 10.00 sft
4 0’-6” - 4’-0” 2.0 sft 8.00 sft
Outer side
Rear wall
(From 6” below
G.L. to Parapet
walls)
1 23’-10 ½” - 15’-
10½”
379.00
sft
379.00 sft H = (0’-6”) + (1’-6”) +
(12’-0”) + (0’-4”) + (0’-
4’’) + (0’-1”) + (0’-1½”)
+ (1’-0”)
= 15’-10½”
Left & Right side
wall
2 13’-6” - 15’-
10½”
214.32
sft
428.64 sft L= (12’-0”) + (0’-9”) +
(0’-9”)
= 13’-6”
Front side (above
verandah roof)
1 23’-10 ½” - 3’-0” 71.63 sft 71.63 sft H = (12’-0”) + 0’-10½”)
+ (1’-0”) - (10’-10 ½” )
= 3’-0”
Left & Right side
plinth of verandah
2 8’-0” - 2’-0” 16.00 sft 32.00 sft H = (1’ – 6’’) + (0’ – 6’’)
= 2’ – 0’’

Parapet wall
Inner side of rooms 2 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 44.70 sft L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)
+(0’-4 ½ “)+(0’-4 ½ “)
= 22’-4 ½ “= 22’-4 ½ “
2 12’-0” - 1’-0” 12.00 sft 24.00 sft
Inner side of
Verandah
1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 22.37 sft
2 7’-3 “ - 1’-0” 7.25 sft 14.50 sft
Outer side of
Verandah
1 23’-10 ½” - 3’-
4 ½”
67.66sft 67.66 sft H = (1’-6”)+(0’-4”)H = (1’-6”)+(0’-4”)
+(0’-6 ½”) + (1’-0 “)+(0’-6 ½”) + (1’-0 “)
= 3’-4 1/2= 3’-4 1/2////
2 8’-0” - 2’-10” 22.67 sft 45.33 sft
Top of parapet wall
(Rooms)
2 23’-10 ½” - 0’-9” 17.9 sft 35.80 sft
2 12’-0” - 0’-9” 9.00 sft 18.00 sft
Top of parapet wall
(Verandah)
1 23’-10 ½” - 0’-9” 17.90 sft 17.90 sft
2 7’-3” - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft

Steps
Tread 2 23’-10 ½” - 1’-0” 23.87 sft 47.74 sft
Riser 3 23’-10 ½” - 0’-6” 11.93 sft 35.80 sft
Sides 2 2’ – 00’’ 0’-6” 1.00 sft 2.00 sft
2 1’ – 00’’ 0’-6” 0.5 sft 1.00 sft
Total= 3316.07 sft
Deduction
Doors 2 4’-0’ - 7’-0” 28.00 sft 56.00 sft
Windows 3 4’-0’ - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 48.00 sft
Ventilators 4 2’-6” - 1’-6” 3.75 sft 15.00 sft
Total= 119.00 sft
Net Total= 3197.07 sft

14 Wood work as
in
(i) 1 ½” thick
wooden doors
with chowkat,.
2 4’-0’ - 7’-0” 28.00 sft 56.00 sft
Total = 56.00 sft
(ii) Glazed and
gauzed windows
and ventilators.
3 4’-0’ - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 48.00 sft
4 2’-6’ - 1’-6” 3.75 sft 15.00 sft
Total = 63.00 sft
G.Total
=
119.00 sft
15 Three coats of
painting to
doors ,
windows and
ventilators
- - - - - .(2 x Qty of item
No.14)
= 238.0 sft
Total 238.00 sft

16 Three coats of
distempering/
white washing to
walls (Internal
Side)
Room No.1
(Long wall)
2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Room No.1
(Short wall)
2 10’-0” - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 240.00 sft
Room No.2
(Long wall)
2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Room No.2
(Short wall)
2 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Verandah wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 10’-0” 238.75 sft 238.75 sft
Verandah Ceiling 1 22’-4 ½” - 7’ –3” 162.26 sft 162.26 sft
Columns 3 3’-0” - 8’-6” 25.50 sft 76.50 sft
Long beam (sides) 1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-6” 33.55 sft 33.55 sft
Long beam (soffit) 2 10’-9 ¾” - 0’-9” 8.10 sft 16.21 sft L= {(22’-4 ½”)-(0’-9”)}/2
= 10’-9¾”
Short beam (sides) 2 7’-3” - 1’-6” 10.87 sft 21.74 sft
Short beam (soffit) 2 7’-3” - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft

Door jambs 2 0’-9” - 7’-0” 5.25 sft 10.50 sft
2 0’-4½” - 7’-0” 2.63 sft 5.25 sft
1 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.0 sft 1.50 sft
1 0’-4½” - 4’-0” 1.50 sft 3.00 sft
Window jambs 6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
Ventilator jambs 8 0’-9” - 2’-6” 1.88 sft 15.00 sft
8 0’-9” - 1’-6” 1.19 sft 9.00 sft
Shelves 4 0’-6” - 5’-0” 2.5 sft 10.00 sft
4 0’-6” - 4’-0” 2.0 sft 10.00 sft
Total = 2017.16 sft
Deduction
Doors 4 4’-0’ - 7’-0” 28.00 sft 112.00 sft
Windows 4 4’-0’ - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 64.00 sft
Total= 142.5 sft
Net
Total =
1874.66 sft

17 Three coats of
Weather shield
paint to walls.
(External side)
Rear wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 15’-4½” 367.07 sft 367.07 sft H =H = ={(15’-10 ½”)-
(0’-6”) = 15’-4 1/2”
Left & Right side wall 2 13’-6” - 15’-4½” 207.5 sft 415.13 sft
Front side (above
verandah roof)
1 23’-10½” - 3’-0” 71.63 sft 71.63 sft
Left & Right side wall
of verandah
2 8’-0” - 2’-0” 16.00 sft 32.00 sft
Parapet wall
Inner side of rooms 2 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 44.70 sft
2 12’-0” - 1’-0” 12.00 sft 24.00 sft
Inner side of
Verandah
1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 22.37 sft
2 7’-3” - 1’-0” 7.25 sft 14.50 sft
Outer side of
Verandah
1 23’-10½” - 2’-10½ ” 67.66 sft 67.66 sft
2 8’-0” - 2’-10½ ” 22.67 sft 45.32 sft
Top of parapet wall
(Rooms)
2 23’-10 ½” - 0’-9” 17.9 sft 35.80 sft
2 12’-0” - 0’-9” 9.00 sft 18.00 sft
Top of parapet wall
(Rooms)
1 23’-10 ½” - 0’-9” 17.90 sft 17.90 sft
2 7’-3” - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft
Total= 1186.95 sft

Deduction
Windows 2 4’-0’ - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 32.00 sft
Total= 39.50 sft
Net
Total=
1147.45 sft

ABSTRACT OF QUANTITIESABSTRACT OF QUANTITIES

1- CALCULATIONS1- CALCULATIONS
1. Excavation in Medium soil
Quantity from BOQ item No. 1
Output of one labourer working 8 hrs
04 labourers are required for 3 ½ days to
excavate 1050 cft earth.
=
=
1024.52 cft
75 cft

2. PCC (1:4:8)
Quantity of BOQ item No.3 (Foundations) = 146.27 cft
Quantity of BOQ item No.11 (Floors) = 142.07 cft
Total = 288.34 cft
Note:
Dry material for 100 cft of cement concrete = 154 cft
Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x288.34/(100x13) = 34.15cft
(ii) Sand=154x4x288.34/(100x13) = 136.62 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate
=154x8x288.34/(100x13) = 273.25 cft

3. Ist Class Burnt brick work in foundation
in cement sand mortar (1:6)
Quantity of BOQ item No.4 = 484.21 cft
Note: Bricks for 100 cft of brick work = 1350 Nos.
Dry mortar for 100 cft of brik work = 30 cft
Material
(i) Bricks=1350x484.21/100 = 6537 Nos.
(ii) Cement=30x1x484.21/(7x100) = 20.75 cft
(iii) Sand=30x6x484.21/(7x100) = 124.51cft

4. 1 ½” thick PCC (1:2:4) in DPC including
two coats of hot bitumen & 2 sheets of
Polythene.
Quantity of BOQ item No.5=55.50x0.125 = 6.93 cft
Note: (i) Dry material for 100 cft of cement concrete = 154 cft
(ii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg
(iii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (second coat) = 10 Kg
Material
(i) Cement=154x1x6.93/(100x7) = 1.52 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x6.93/(100x7) = 3.04 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate=154x4x6.93/(100x7) = 6.09 cft
(iv) Bitumen =25x55.50/100 = 13.87 Kg
(v) Polythene Sheet (2 x 55.5) = 111.0 sft

5. Ist Class Burnt brick work in Super
structure in cement sand mortar (1:4)
Note: (i) Bricks for 100 cft of brick work = 1350 Nos.
(ii) Dry mortar for 100 cft of brik work = 30 cft
Material
(i) Bricks=1350x743.17/100 = 10033 Nos.
(ii) Cement=30x1x743.17/(5x100) = 44.59 cft
(iii) Sand=30x4x747.13/(5x100) = 178.36 cft

6. Reinforced cement concrete (1:2:4)
Note: Dry material for 100 cft of cement
concrete
= 154 cft
Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x226.39/(100x7) = 49.80 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x226.39/(100x7) = 99.61 cft
=154x4x226.39/(100x7) = 199.22 cft
(Note:
(iv) Mild steel round bars
1 Kg = 0.454 lbs)
=
=
1529 lbs
693.55 Kg

7. Roof insulation
Quantity of BOQ item No.9 = 430.72 sft
Note: (i) Brick tiles for 100 sft roof insulation = 360 Nos.
(ii) Dry mortar for 100 sft = 9.00 cft
(iii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg
(iv) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC
(second coat) = 10 Kg
Material
(i) 1 ½” thick brick tiles = 1551 Nos.
(ii) Cement=9x1x430.72/(4x100) = 9.69 cft
(iii) Sand=9x4x430.72/(4x100) = 29.07 cft
(iv) Bitumen =430.72/100 = 107.68 Kg
(v) Mud /Earth filling=430.72x0.42 = 180.90 cft
(Vi) Polythene sheet (2 x 430.72) = 862 sft

8. Sand under floors
Material
Sand = 213.11 cft
9. 1 ½” thick cement concrete (1:2:4) in
floors
Quantity of BOQ item No.12=457.80x0.125 = 57.23 cft
Note: (i) 1 ½” = 0.125 ft
(ii) Dry material for 100 cft of cement
concrete
= 154 cft
Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x57.23/(100x7) = 12.59 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x57.23/(100x7) = 25.18 cft
=154x4x57.23/(100x7) = 50.36 cft

10. 1/2” thick cement plaster in cement sand
mortar (1:3)
Note: Dry mortar for 100 sft of ½” thick cement plaster = 6 cft
Material
(i) Cement=6x1x 3197.07/(4x100) = 47.96 cft
(ii) Sand=6x3x 3197.07/(4x100) = 143.87 cft
11. Wood work in door, windows ventilators
Quantity of BOQ item No.14 (i) Doors = 56.00 sft
Quantity of BOQ item No.14 (ii) Windows = 63.00 sft
Note: (i) Timber for 100 sft of Panelled Doors = 13 cft
(ii) Timber for 100 sft of Glazed windows and
Ventilators = 8 cft
Material
(i) Timber for doors =13x56/100 = 7.28 cft
(ii) Timber for windows and Ventilators
=8x63/100
= 5.04 cft
Total = 13.32 cft

12. White wash / Distemper
Note: Lime for 100 sft of white wash (one coat) = 1.00 Kg
Material
Lime for three coats=1x3x1872.9/100 = 56.24 Kg
13. Weather Shield
14. Earth filling under floors
Material
Earth for filling = 230.87 cft

2- SUMMARY2- SUMMARY
S.No. Description of material Quantity
1. Cement
(From 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10)
220.68 cft or
177 Bags
2. Sand
(From 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10)
740.26 cft
3. Coarse aggregate
(From 2,4,6,9)
528.92 cft
4. Mild steel round bars (item No: 6) 693.55 Kg
5 Burnt bricks 1st
class
(From 3,5)
16570 Nos.
6 1/2” thick Brick tiles (item No: 7) 1551 Nos.
7 Bitumen
(From 4,7)
121.55 Kg
8 Polythene sheet
(From 4,7)
973 sft
9. Timber
(item No: 11)
13.32 cft
10. Lime
(item No: 12)
56.24 Kg
11. Mud/Earth filling
(From 7,13)
411.77 cft

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