3. Aim: To introduce students to the effects and
implications of using ergogenic aids for exercise and
sports performance
Objectives:
By the end of this session students should be able to:
• Name 3 different banned ergogenic aids
• Describe the positive performance effects of the 3
different ergogenic aids
• Identify 1 sport that benefits from 1 particular
ergogenic aid
• Evaluate the negative health implications of using
these banned ergogenic aids
4. Androgenic Anabolic Steroids (AAS)
• What are (AAS)?
• (AAS) are drugs that resemble androgenic hormones
• Androgenic Hormones (Male Hormones)
• Male hormones are responsible for creating
Testosterone
5. Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
• Is a peptide hormone that occurs naturally in
the body
• Stimulates muscle growth through increases in
testosterone production and cell reproduction
• Has similar performance benefits to that of
(AAS)
6. What Does Testosterone do?
• It is responsible for increased androgenic and
anabolic development (Fahey, 1998)
• Androgenic (effects sexual characteristics, penis
growth, hair growth, aggressiveness)
• Anabolic (accelerated muscle and bone growth and
red blood cell development)
7. How Does this improve sporting
performance?
• Increased Muscle Growth
• Enhanced Strength and Power
• Anti- Catabolic
• Improves Recovery after intense exercise and helps
fat loss
• Increased Red blood cell count
• Enhanced endurance and recovery from exercise
8. Which Sports Benefit from these
Physiological enhancements?
• Power Lifting
• Sprinting
• Wrestling
• Boxing
• Bodybuilding
• Rugby
9. What is EPO?
• Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone that is produced
by the kidneys
• It is injected under the skin
• Increases red blood cell count
10. Blood Doping
• Most commonly involves the removal of 2 units of
healthy blood weeks before competition
• The blood is then frozen up until 1-2 days prior to
competition, where it is thawed and injected back
into the athlete
• Red blood cell count is maximised and not lost
through blood becoming toxic from the stresses of
training
11. What do Red Blood cells do?
• More Red Blood cells means more haemoglobin
• Haemoglobin binds to oxygen and carries it from the
lungs to the muscles
• EPO supplementation therefore allows extra oxygen
to be transported to the working muscles
12. Effects of (EPO) and Blood doping on
performance
• Increases the amount of oxygenated blood carried to
the muscles
• Therefore an athletes VO2 Max is greatly increased
• A larger supply of oxygenated blood means waste
products like lactic acid can be removed quicker after
exercise
• Improves Recovery and performance in endurance
events
13. Which Sports Benefit?
• Cycling
• Distance Running
• Triathlon
• Cross Country Skiing
• Football
• Rugby
• Crossfit
• Boxing
14. TASK 1
1. Describe the physiological adaptations that
occur to the body after supplementing with
(AAS), HGH, (EPO) and Blood Doping
2. Explain how each one improves performance
3. Identify a specific sport that would benefit
from these performance improvements
15. The Implications of Ergogenic Aids use
in Sport
• What do we mean by Implications?
• Implications are effects or consequences that
may happen in the future
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbTyCe2db
Rk
16. (AAS) and (HGH)
• Hypertrophy of the heart, increased risk of
Heart failure and cardiovascular disease
• Increased growth to organs can cause organ
failure
• Acromelagy – Excessive tissue growth,
particularly effecting bones and joints
17. (EPO) and Blood Doping
• These methods increase red blood cell count
to abnormally high amounts
• This Causes a thickening of the blood
• Which puts pressure on the heart, as it has to
pump harder to circulate the blood around
the body
• This can lead to serious cardiovascular
disease, Blood Clots, Heart Attacks and Stroke
