https://www.aasraw.com/lung-cancer-drugs/ Many patients with lung cancer choose drug therapy in the early stage, because it is the most direct and simple way to control the spread of cancer cells. The following drugs are commonly used to treat lung cancer(SCLC and NSCLC).

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Top 7 Drugs For Treating Lung
Cancer-Approved by FDA
Top7DrugsForTreatingLungCancer-ApprovedbyFDA......................................................................1
WhatIsLungCancer?...................................................................................................................2
WhatAreTheTypesOfLungCancer?...........................................................................................3
WhatAreTheSymptomsWhenYouHaveLungCancer?..............................................................3
HowCanIKnowWhetherIHaveLungCancer?........................................................................... 5
WhatIsStagesOfMyLungCancer?.............................................................................................6
(1)StagesofNon-SmallCellLungCancer............................................................................. 6
(2)StagesOfSmallCellLungCancer....................................................................................7
WhyDoIHaveLungCancer?...................................................................................................... 7
HowToTreatYourLungCancer?............................................................................................... 10
❶AZD-3759(CAS:1626387-80-1)...................................................................................... 11
❷Gefitinib(CAS:184475-35-2)............................................................................................11
❸AZD-9291(CAS:1421373-65-0)...................................................................................... 12
❹Dacomitinib(CAS:1110813-31-4).....................................................................................12
❺Ceritinib(CAS:1032900-25-6)..........................................................................................13
❻Afatinib(CAS:439081-18-2)............................................................................................. 13
❼Erlotinib(CAS:183321-74-6)............................................................................................ 14
Reference...........................................................................................................................14

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What Is Lung Cancer?
Cancer can start any place in the body. Cancer that starts in the lung
is called lung cancer. It starts when cells in the lung grow out of
control and crowd out normal cells. This makes it hard for the body to
work the way it should.
Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body. Cancer cells in the
lung can sometimes travel to the brain and grow there. When cancer
cells do this, it’s called metastasis. To doctors, the cancer cells in the
new place look just like the ones from the lung.
Cancer is always named for the place where it starts. So when lung
cancer spreads to the brain (or any other place), it’s still called lung
cancer. It’s not called brain cancer unless it starts from cells in the
brain.
Noted: The lungs are 2 sponge-like organs found in the chest. The
right lung has 3 parts called lobes. The left lung has 2 lobes. The
lungs bring air in and out of the body. They take in oxygen and get rid
of carbon dioxide, a waste product.
The windpipe, or trachea, brings air down into the lungs. It splits into 2
tubes called bronchi (one tube is called a bronchus).

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What Are The Types Of Lung Cancer?
Cancer that begins in the lungs is called primary lung cancer. Cancer
that spreads to the lungs from another place in the body is known as
secondary lung cancer. This page is about primary lung cancer.
There are two main forms of primary lung cancer. These are classified
by the type of cells in which the cancer starts growing. They are:
Non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) — the most common form,
accounting for more than 87% of cases. It can be one of three types:
squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma or large-cell carcinoma.
Small-cell lung cancer(SCLC) — a less common form that usually
spreads faster than non-small-cell lung cancer.
The type of lung cancer you have determines which treatments are
recommended.
What Are The Symptoms When You Have
Lung Cancer?
People with lung cancer may not have any symptoms until a later
stage. If symptoms do appear, they can resemble those of a
respiratory infection.
Some possible symptomsTrusted Source include:
changes to a person’s voice, such as hoarseness
frequent chest infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia
swelling in the lymph nodes in the middle of the chest
a lingering cough that may start to get worse
chest pain

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shortness of breath and wheezing
In time, a person may also experience more severe symptoms, such
as:
severe chest pain
bone pain and bone fractures
headaches
coughing up blood
blood clots
appetite loss and weight loss
fatigue

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How Can I Know Whether I Have Lung
Cancer?
The doctor asks you questions about your health and does a physical
exam. If signs are pointing to lung cancer, more tests will be done.
Here are some of the tests you may need:
Chest x-ray: This is often the first test done to look for spots on your
lungs. If a change is seen, you’ll need more tests.
CT scan: This is also called a CAT scan. It’s a special kind of x-ray
that takes detailed pictures of your insides. CT scans can also be
used to help do a biopsy (see below).
PET scan: In this test, you are given a type of sugar that can be
seen inside your body with a special camera. If there’s cancer, the
sugar shows up as “hot spots” where the cancer is found. It can help
when your doctor thinks the cancer has spread, but doesn’t know
where.
Bronchoscopy: A thin, lighted, flexible tube is passed through your
mouth into the bronchi. The doctor can look through the tube to find
tumors. The tube also can be used to do a biopsy.
Blood tests: Blood tests are not used to find lung cancer, but they are
done to tell the doctor more about your health.

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What Is Stages Of My Lung Cancer?
If you have non-small cell lung cancer, the doctor will want to find out
how far it has spread. This is called staging. You may have heard
other people say that their cancer was “stage 2” or “stage 3.” Your
doctor will want to find out the stage of your cancer to help decide
what type of treatment is best for you.
The stage describes the spread of the cancer through the lung. It also
tells if the cancer has spread to nearby organs or to organs farther
away.
Your stage can be stage 1, 2, 3, or 4. The lower the number, the less
the cancer has spread. A higher number, such as stage 4, means a
more serious cancer that has spread outside your lungs. Be sure to
ask the doctor about your cancer’s stage and what it means.
(1) Stages of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Healthcare professionals typically use tumor size and spread to
describe the stages of non-small cell lung cancer, as follows:
♦ Occult, or hidden: The cancer does not show up on imaging scans,
but cancerous cells might appear in the phlegm or mucus.
♦ Stage 0: There are abnormal cells only in the top layers of cells
lining the airways.
♦ Stage 1: A tumor is present in the lung, but it is 4 centimeters (cm)
or under and has not spread to other parts of the body.
♦ Stage 2: The tumor is 7 cm or under and might have spread to
nearby tissues and lymph nodes.
♦ Stage 3: The cancer has spread to lymph nodes and reached other
parts of the lung and surrounding area.
♦ Stage 4: The cancer has spread to distant body parts, such as the
bones or brain.

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(2) Stages Of Small Cell Lung Cancer
Small cell lung cancer has its own categories. The stages are known
as limited and extensive, and they refer to whether the cancer has
spread within or outside the lungs.
In the limited stage, the cancer affects only one side of the chest,
though it might already be present in some surrounding lymph
nodes. Around one-third of people with this type find out that they
have cancer when it is in the limited stage. Healthcare professionals
can treat it with radiation therapy as a single area.
In the extensive stage, the cancer has spread beyond the one side of
the chest. It may affect the other lung or other parts of the
body. Around two-thirds of people with small cell lung cancer find out
that they have it when it is already in the extensive stage.
Why Do I Have Lung Cancer?
Cancer develops after genetic damage to DNA and epigenetic
changes. Those changes affect the cell’s normal functions, including
cell proliferation, programmed cell death (apoptosis), and DNA repair.
As more damage accumulates, the risk for cancer increases.
These reasons lead to the lung cancer manily:
▲ Smoking
Not all smokers get lung cancer, and not everyone who has lung
cancer is a smoker. But there’s no doubt that smoking is the biggest
risk factor, causing 9 out of 10Trusted Source lung cancers. In
addition to cigarettes, cigar and pipe smoking are also linked to lung
cancer. The more you smoke and the longer you smoke, the bigger
your chance of developing lung cancer.
You don’t have to be a smoker to be affected. Breathing in other
people’s smoke increases the risk of lung cancer. According to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC)Trusted Source,
secondhand smoke is responsible for about 7,300 lung cancer deaths
each year in the United States.

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Tobacco products contain more than 7,000 chemicals, and at least 70
are known to cause cancer.
When you inhale tobacco smoke, this mixture of chemicals is
delivered directly to your lungs, where it immediately starts causing
damage.
The lungs can usually repair damage at first, but the continued effect
on lung tissue becomes harder to manage. That’s when damaged
cells can mutate and grow out of control. The chemicals you inhale
also enter your bloodstream and are carried throughout your body,
increasing the risk of other types of cancer. Former smokers are still
at risk of developing lung cancer, but quitting can lower that risk
considerably. Within 10 years of quitting, the risk of dying from lung
cancer drops by half.
▲ Radon gas
Radon is a colorless and odorless gas generated by the breakdown of
radioactive radium, which in turn is the decay product of uranium,
found in the Earth’s crust. The radiation decay products ionize genetic
material, causing mutations that sometimes become cancerous.
Radon is the second most-common cause of lung cancer in the
US,causing about 21,000 deaths each year.The risk increases 8–16%
for every 100 Bq/m³ increase in the radon concentration.Radon gas
levels vary by locality and the composition of the underlying soil and
rocks. About one in 15 homes in the US have radon levels above the
recommended guideline of 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/l) (148 Bq/m³).
▲ Asbestos
Asbestos can cause a variety of lung diseases such as lung cancer.
Tobacco smoking and asbestos both have synergistic effects on the
development of lung cancer.In smokers who work with asbestos, the
risk of lung cancer is increased 45-fold compared to the general
population.Asbestos can also cause cancer of the pleura, called
mesothelioma – which actually is different from lung cancer.
▲ Air pollution

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Outdoor air pollutants, especially chemicals released from the burning
of fossil fuels, increase the risk of lung cancer.Fine particulates
(PM2.5) and sulfate aerosols, which may be released in traffic
exhaust fumes, are associated with a slightly-increased risk.For
nitrogen dioxide, an incremental increase of 10 parts per billion
increases the risk of lung cancer by 14%.Outdoor air pollution is
estimated to cause 1–2% of lung cancers.
Tentative evidence supports an increased risk of lung cancer from
indoor air pollution in relation to the burning of wood, charcoal, dung,
or crop residue for cooking and heating.Women who are exposed to
indoor coal smoke have roughly twice the risk, and many of the
by-products of burning biomass are known or suspected
carcinogens.This risk affects about 2.4 billion people worldwide,and it
is believed to result in 1.5% of lung cancer deaths.
▲ Genetics
About 8% of lung cancer is caused by inherited factors.In relatives of
people that are diagnosed with lung cancer, the risk is doubled, likely
due to a combination of genes.Polymorphisms on chromosomes 5, 6,
and 15 are known to affect the risk of lung cancer.Single-nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes encoding the nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) – CHRNA5, CHRNA3, and CHRNB4
– are of those associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, as
well as RGS17 – a gene regulating G-protein signaling.
▲ Other reasons
Numerous other substances, occupations, and environmental
exposures have been linked to lung cancer. The International Agency
for Research on Cancer (IARC) states that there is some “sufficient
evidence” to show that the following are carcinogenic in the lungs:
Some metals (aluminium production, cadmium and cadmium
compounds, chromium(VI) compounds, beryllium and beryllium
compounds, iron and steel founding, nickel compounds, arsenic and
inorganic arsenic compounds, and underground hematite mining)
Some products of combustion (incomplete combustion, coal (indoor
emissions from household coal burning), coal gasification, coal-tar
pitch, coke production, soot, and diesel engine exhaust)

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Ionizing radiation (X-ray and gamma).
Some toxic gases (methyl ether (technical grade), and
bis-(chloromethyl) ether, sulfur mustard, MOPP
(vincristine-prednisone-nitrogen mustard-procarbazine mixture) and
fumes from painting)
Rubber production and crystalline silica dust.
There is a small increase in the risk of lung cancer in people affected
by systemic sclerosis.
How To Treat Your Lung Cancer?
There are many ways to treat lung cancer. Surgery and radiation are
used to treat only the cancer. They do not affect the rest of the body.
Chemo drugs, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy go through the
whole body. They can reach cancer cells almost anywhere in the
body.
The treatment for lung cancer can include surgery, radiation,
chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The treatment
plan that’s best for you will depend on:
The stage of the cancer
The chance that a type of treatment will help
Your age
Other health problems you have
Your feelings about the treatment and the side effects that may
come with it.

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Many patients with lung cancer choose drug therapy in the early
stage, because it is the most direct and simple way to control the
spread of cancer cells. The following drugs are commonly used to
treat lung cancer(SCLC and NSCLC):
❶ AZD-3759(CAS:1626387-80-1)
AZD-3759 is a potent epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)
inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD-3759 binds to and
inhibits the activity of EGFR as well as certain mutant forms of
EGFR.This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both
induction of cell dealth and inhibition of tumor growth in
EGFR-overexpressing cells.
❷ Gefitinib(CAS:184475-35-2)
Gefitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as first-line therapy to treat
non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that meets certain genetic
mutation criteria.

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Gefitinib is an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
tyrosine kinase that binds to the adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)-binding site of the enzyme. EGFR is often shown to be
overexpressed in certain human carcinoma cells, such as lung and
breast cancer cells. Overexpression leads to enhanced activation of
the anti-apoptotic Ras signal transduction cascades, subsequently
resulting in increased survival of cancer cells and uncontrolled cell
proliferation. Gefitinib is the first selective inhibitor of the EGFR
tyrosine kinase which is also referred to as Her1 or ErbB-1. By
inhibiting EGFR tyrosine kinase, the downstream signaling cascades
are also inhibited, resulting in inhibited malignant cell proliferation.
❸ AZD-9291(CAS:1421373-65-0)
AZD-9291 is also called Osimertinib which is a tyrosine kinase
inhibitor used in the treatment of certain types of non-small cell lung
carcinoma.
AZD-9291 is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine
kinase inhibitor (TKI) that binds to certain mutant forms of EGFR
(T790M, L858R, and exon 19 deletion) that predominate in non-small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours following treatment with first-line
EGFR-TKIs. As a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor,
AZD-9291 is specific for the gate-keeper T790M mutation which
increases ATP binding activity to EGFR and results in poor prognosis
for late-stage disease. Furthermore, AZD-9291 has been shown to
spare wild-type EGFR during therapy, thereby reducing non-specific
binding and limiting toxicity.
❹ Dacomitinib(CAS:1110813-31-4)
Dacomitinib is a medication used to treat non small cell lung cancer
with EGFR exon 19 deletion of exon 21 L858R substitution.
Dacomitinib, designed as (2E)-N-16-4-(piperidin-1-yl) but-2-enamide,
is an oral highly selective quinazalone part of the second-generation
tyrosine kinase inhibitors which are characterized by the irreversible
binding at the ATP domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor
family kinase domains. Dacomitinib is a medication for the treatment

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of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It is a selective and
irreversible inhibitor of EGFR.
❺ Ceritinib(CAS:1032900-25-6)
Ceritinib is also called LDK378 that is an antineoplastic kinase
inhibitor used to treat anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive
metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients with
inadequate clinical response or intolerance to crizotinib.
Ceritinib is used for the treatment of adults with anaplastic lymphoma
kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
following failure (secondary to resistance or intolerance) of prior
crizotinib therapy. About 4% of patients with NSCLC have a
chromosomal rearrangement that generates a fusion gene between
EML4 (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4) and ALK
(anaplastic lymphoma kinase), which results in constitutive kinase
activity that contributes to carcinogenesis and seems to drive the
malignant phenotype. Ceritinib exerts its therapeutic effect by
inhibiting autophosphorylation of ALK, ALK-mediated phosphorylation
of the downstream signaling protein STAT3, and proliferation of
ALK-dependent cancer cells. Following treatment with crizotinib (a
first-generation ALK inhibitor), most tumours develop drug resistance
due to mutations in key “gatekeeper” residues of the enzyme. This
occurrence led to development of novel second-generation ALK
inhibitors such as ceritinib to overcome crizotinib resistance. The FDA
approved ceritinib in April 2014 due to a surprisingly high response
rate (56%) towards crizotinib-resistant tumours and has designated it
with orphan drug status.
❻ Afatinib(CAS:439081-18-2)
Afatinib is an antineoplastic agent used for the treatment of locally
advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with
non-resistant EGFR mutations or resistance to platinum-based
chemotherapy.
Afatinib is a 4-anilinoquinazoline tyrosine kinase inhibitor in the form
of a dimaleate salt available as Boehringer Ingelheim’s brand name

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Gilotrif. For oral use, afatinib tablets are a first-line (initial) treatment
for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with
common epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations as
detected by an FDA-approved test 4. Gilotrif (afatinib) is the first
FDA-approved oncology product from Boehringer Ingelheim.
❼ Erlotinib(CAS:183321-74-6)
Erlotinib is an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat certain
small cell lung cancers or advanced metastatic pancreatic cancers. It
belongs to a class of drugs known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It
works by blocking the function of a protein called the epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR). The EGFR is found on the surface of
many cancer cells as well as normal cells. It serves as an “antenna,”
receiving signals from other cells and the environment that tell the cell
to grow and divide. The EGFR plays an important role in growth and
development prenatally and during childhood and helps to maintain
normal replacement of old and damaged cells in adults. However,
many cancer cells have unusually large amounts of the EGFR on their
surface, or their EGFR has been altered by mutation of the DNA that
carries the genetic code for the protein. The result is that the signals
coming from the EGFR are much too strong, leading to excessive cell
growth and division, a hallmark of cancer.
All of these drugs can be provided by aasraw in pure powder form,
which is only for research purpose. Welcome to contact with aasraw if
you want know more information about how to buy aganist lung
cancer drugs!
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