1. A
PRESENTATION
ON
“DOORDARSHAN”
FOR
DOORDARSHAN KENDRA ,
RAIPUR
SUBMITTED BY:
YATEENDRA SAHU
5TH SEM. ECE(B) (156)
2. COMPANY PROFILE
DOORDARSHAN- Broadcasting Corporation of india.
• Head Office : Shankar Nagar,Raipur.
• Sr.Admin.Offiicer : Ms. M.S.Memon
• Assistant : Mr. B.K.Mohapatra
• Lib.Inf.asstt.: Mr. B.S Lalli
• Jaipur Station Engineer : Sh. M .s . rao
• Website: ddraipur.gov.in
3. PROGRAMMES / SERVICES
• Awareness by means of – krishi
darshan, Kalyani, Paramarsh, etc.
• Knowledge by means of – Khuli
Charcha,bhuiyan ke goth etc.
• Entertainment by means of –
Chitrahaar, Sanskriti Darpan & live Coverage
of other activities, etc.
4. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• TV STUDIO
• VISION MIXER
• AUDIO/ VIDEO CHAINS
• MSR
• EARTH STATION
• TV Tx
• ANTENNAS & SATELLITES
• OB VAN & DSNG
• SETUP IN RAIPUR
5. INTRODUCTION
To Broadcasting
• A process of sending information to a distant
place is called Broadcasting.
• Means of Broadcasting in India:
1. Terrestrial
2. Satellite
3. Internet
• Both AIR & DD make use of both Terrestrial &
satellite.
6. cont...
• Broadcasting of DD chhattisgarh started in the
year 2002.
• Kendra telecasts programmes for 5 hrs.
• In 1947, AIR was covering 2.5% & about 11%
of land & population respectively.
• 1st T.V Station was established in Delhi in
1959
• T.V was separated from AIR in 1976
7. cont...
• DD national has 1500 Transmitters and 70
Production centers across the Country.
• These centers are divided in 3 levels-
1. -National centers
2. -Regional centers
3. -Local centers
• transmission started on 20th sep. 1987.
8. TV STUDIO
• A television studio is an installation in
which television or video productions take
place .
9. COMPONENTS OF TV STUDIO
• Camera
• Lighting
• Microphones
• Vision mixer and Audio consoles
• MSR
• VTR
• Acoustics
• Post production and video effects
• Supporting services like AC, UPS
10. VISION MIXER
• A vision mixer (also called video
switcher, video mixer or production
switcher) is a device used to select
between several different video sources and
in some cases mix video sources together
and add special effects.
• It has many input sources such as
cameras, VCR/ server, Graphics/Character
Generators,etc.
• Out of these input, any source can be taken
as output.
• Sources can be changed as cut to
cut, dissolve, wipe and other special effects.
11. TYPICAL VIDEO CHAIN Earth station
through
Optical Fiber
Sources Vision Mixer LOGO Distributor
Generator
STL
Link
TYPICAL AUDIO CHAIN
Earth station
through
Optical Fiber
Analog to
AES
Converter
Sources Audio Console Distributor
STL Link
12. MSR
• It is the heart of the studio.
• Most of the switching electronics is
kept e.g. camera base
stations, switcher main
frame, SPG, Satellite receivers, MW
link, DDA & most of the patch panels.
• Signal is routed through MSR.
• Signal can be Monitored at various
stages
13. EARTH STATION
• Earth Station is a very important part of satellite
communication system for broadcasting of signals.
• It is an uplink center from which the signals are fed to
Satellite for distribution in a specified area covered by the
Satellite.
• The signal is up-linked from the Earth Station and received
by many down link centers in TV broad casting via PDA.
• Two Types: 1) Analog, 2) Digital
• Digital Earth Stations are widely used because of various
advantages over analog.
14. Major Components of Digital Earth
Station
• PDA (Parabolic Dish Antenna)
• FEED
• Wave Guide / Low Loss Cable
• HPA (TWTA, Klystrons)
• Up converter
• Modulator
• Encoder
• Multiplexer
• IRD (Integrated Receiver Decoder)
15. Types of TV Transmitters
• VLPT’s, LPT’s & HPT’s
• A 10 KW HPT of Raipur zone is situated at
Shankar nagar raipur.
• It is only 10-20% efficient.
• It has beamwidth of 360 deg, hence can
cover upto 65 kms of area around it.
• It has various other supporting units with it
to maintain the quality of s/g to be Txd.
Like- Monitoring section, blower
section, amplification section
16. Antennas & Satellites
• An antenna (or aerial) is a transducer designed to
transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. In other
words, antennas convert electromagnetic waves into
electrical currents and vice versa.
Transmitting Antenna
Electrical signal Electromagnetic wave
Receiving Antenna
17. TYPES
• Isotropic antenna (idealized)-
o Radiates power equally in all directions.
• Dipole antennas-
o Half-wave dipole antenna (or Hertz antenna)
o Quarter-wave vertical antenna (or Marconi
antenna)
• Parabolic Dish / Reflective Antenna
18. OB Van & DSNG
• A typical OB Van is usually divided
into 4 parts.
• The first and largest part is the
production area or sitting area for
all directors & producers.
• The second part of a van is for
the audio engineer.
• The 3rd part of the van is video
tape
20. • The 4th part is transmission where the signal is monitored by
and engineered for quality control purposes and is
transmitted or sent to other trucks.
• DSNG is a portable uplinking centre.
21. DD Setup In Raipur
• Satellite - INSAT-3C, 740 E
• Transponder – C24
Parameters:
• Symbol rate – 4.25 MSPS,
• Downlink Freq. – 4166.50 MHz,
• FEC – ¾,
• Polarisation D/L – Vertical, Linear.
Equipments -
• Encoder (E5411), Modulator (SM600), Multiplexer (Mx5620) –
Two nos. each (Tandberg make) in 1+1 Mode
• Up Converter (Advent) - Two
• 700 W HPA (Xicom) – Two
• Network Management PC
