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BIRUK D. (ARCH)
BMC II
2010/2018
Glass and glass construction
UOG INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY

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Supercooled liquid
Glass is an amorphous, hard, brittle, transparent or translucent super cooled liquid of
infinite viscosity, having no definite melting point obtained by fusing a mixture of a number of
metallic silicates or borates of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Lead.
It possess no definite formula or crystalline structure.
• “An inorganic product of fusion which has cooled to a rigid condition without crystallizing”
• Does not have a specific melting point
• Softens over a temperature range

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Glass is an indispensable architectural material. In all
the modern building including the high-rise buildings,
Glass curtain walls make the skyline.

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Contents
Basics of glass
Use of glass in
construction
Glass cladding
Glazing systems
Sustainability in
construction

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CITY HALL, LONDON | ARCHITECT:
FOSTER
BREMEN UNIVERSITY, GERMANY |
ARCHITECT : JAN STORMER
Glass and glass construction
Glass house, ARCHITECT: Philip Johnson

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Basics of glass
specialty glass
 Laminated
 Wire /wired
 Patterned
 Frosted / obscure
 Low – emissivity
Basic glass
• Sheet
• Polished
• Tempered
• Float

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Use of glass in
construction
Glass in architecture
Facades
Building fenestration (windows,
door)
Cladding in facades (structural
glazing)
Surface treatments: chemical
coated
Screened (painted)
Laminated (printed)
construction
Glass as material for load bearing
elements
canopies (sky light),roof
wall
stair case
beam and columns (hardened
laminated glass)

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Glass bricks
/blocks
These are hollow glass units or blocks of glass
shaped to work as bricks
Joined with the help of silicon sealants to obtain
seamless finish
The two outer, exposed surfaces may be smooth or
textured.
Glass blocks can be colored and have decorated
surfaces.
Walls of glass blocks meeting fire resistance are
also possible.

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Glass
bricks/blocks
Glass bricks are produced for both wall and floor applications.
• Allows light to pass through maintaining the privacy

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Glass cladding
Building cladding is the exterior skin, or envelope of a
building, and includes all moisture barriers and siding
materials used to cover the outside of the structure.
Cladding can serve both a decorative and a functional purpose.
Building cladding can also add insulation to the structure while minimizing sound
transmission through the walls
• STONE CLADDING
• METAL CLADDING (ACP CLADDING)
• STICK FRAME CLADDING
• CURTAIN WALL (GLASS)
• FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING
• BRICK CLADDING
Exterior Cladding Interior
Cladding
• TIMBER CLADDING
• PVC CLADDING
• STONE CLADDING
• BACKPAINTED GLASS CLADDING
• CERAMIC CLADDING
• WALLPAPER

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Glass cladding
Back painted glass (glass art color spray)
Popular interior partition wall feature in homes and
commercial buildings. Provides posh, clean and
sophisticated look
Color Spray is a uniquely formulated resin based
paint system which is ideal for the back painting of
glass for wall claddings in any color imaginable

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Glass cladding
When it comes to installation, following are the advantages of
a glass façade over a concrete one:
•Quicker fabrication & installation of glass façade
•In a single day of installation, a glass façade can cover 150 m2 in
comparison with brick wall 70 m2.
•Dry construction while using glass, which implies a cleaner project site.
• Glass is 8 times lighter than a Brick wall facade!
• REINFORCED GLASS is a block which can withstand explosions, even
(to some extent) nuclear explosions.
 It is created by combining 7 Glass with 2 Advanced Alloy.

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glazing for high rise building
Structural glazing for high rise building:
•Aesthetics
•Signature designs
•Flexibility
•Strength
Glass has a multitude of benefits : Visual appeal
•Lightness
•Installation
•Customization

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Glazing systems
 Curtain walling
 Structural glazing
 Bolted glazing
 Fin supported glazing
 Cable stayed glazing
 Suspended glazing

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Glazing systems

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Glazing systems
Curtain walling
• It is non structural it can be made of
a lightweight material reducing
construction costs.
• It has also a great advantage on
natural light penetration

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Glazing systems
Structural glazing
• The system of bonding to an
aluminum frame utilize high strength.
• This technique can be used with
almost all type of glass

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Glazing systems
Bolted glazing
• The system consist of attaching the
glass panels and the structure with
rigid bolts and steel plates.
• It is less obtrusive
• Alternative to structural glazing

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Glazing systems
Fin supported glazing
• A glass fin replace a frame or mullion,
• The reaction load transferred to the
top and bottom of the fin shoe.
• It also designed with bolted joints
• It crate greater visibility and increase
the natural light in interiors

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Glazing systems
Cable supported glazing
• It create greater levels of openness,
visibility and natural light.
• It also enhance the dramatic
appearance of the building
• The system used stainless steel or
carbon fiber high strength cables to
transfer loads to the main structure.

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Glazing systems
Spider system
• Spider system is a system for point
support vertical glazing
• The system is suitable for new build and
specially effective for the refurbishment
of old buildings,
• Used for huge building and shop facades
Sky light and dome
Interior design

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Edge works and
connection
Scoring and Breaking Glass
1. Clean the surface of the glass
2. Score the glass. Aim for a uniform score with consistent
pressure.
3. Break the glass after scoring Tools Needed: - Glass cutter - Oil -
Glass pliers - Cutting table - Putty knife, points, single-edged
razors

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Edge works and
connection
Heated again at around 550degree Celsius giving it the
required curved shape to it.
• Takes the shape of the mold

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Sustainability in
construction
Glass plays an important role in the concept of sustainable construction or
green building.
• This combines versatile properties such as transparency, acoustic
control, and natural day lighting.
• It is also a recyclable material that can result in unlimited innovative
applications for construction and building purposes.
• The material helps improve energy efficiency, reduces energy CO2
emissions, and offers advanced functionality such as fire protection
and self-cleaning properties.
Glass and Energy Efficiency
• The light transmission property of glass can significantly reduce energy bills,
provided that artificial lighting contributes to the building’s energy consumption.
• The use of advanced coating, furthermore, helps keep the inside of a building
warm during cold weather conditions.
• It also prevents the sun’s heat from entering the building during warmer seasons.

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Sustainability in
construction
The Use of Glass Coatings
• The coatings on the glass panel can improve thermal insulation of the wall.
• Some builders also use double-glazing to enhance thermal insulation and
improve acoustic performance.
Glass Sustainability
• Glass has a low environmental impacts.
• Glass is also made of abundant and non-polluting raw materials.
• Glass plays an important part in achieving energy efficiency and maintaining air
quality inside a building.
• The design, construction, and placement of glass are also considered as important
aspects in green architecture and building.

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Sustainability in
construction
Better Living Conditions
The use of glass in construction enhances the living and working condition of
occupants by allowing more natural light into buildings.
Research suggests that the use of glass in buildings contributes to improved
health conditions and general wellbeing.
Advanced and High Quality Glass
There is also high quality acoustic laminated glass material with excellent noise
reduction qualities that do not affect material impact performance.
The preferred acoustic performance of glass can be achieved by combining
different glass thickness levels with plastic inter layers

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Over all Uses of
glass
Wall
Floor
Structural elements:
column and beam
Openings
Stair case
Roof
Furniture
.
.
.
Etc.

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Over all Uses of
glass
Glass flooring
• Glass floors are made with
transparent glass or translucent
glass.
• Toughened glass is usually
chosen, for its durability and
resistance to braking.
• Used for residential and
commercial buildings in
combination with metal frame.
Installation
Laminated layers of tempered,

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Over all Uses of
glass
Glass partition vs solid partition in
the office
VS

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Facts
Glass takes 1,000,000 years to decompose.
Glass never wears out-it can be recycled forever.
Glass recycling saves resources-each ton of recycled
glass replaces 1.2 tons of raw material (sand,
limestone and soda ash).
The energy saved from recycling 1 glass bottle can
run a 100-watt bulb for 4 hours.
When glass breaks, the cracks move at speeds of up
to 3,000 miles per hour
Keep in mind, REUSE

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Comparison
Density : 2.51 g/c3
Thickness : 12mm
(Taking into account, a
double glazed unit
6mm outer glass -
12mm air gap - 6mm
inner glass)
Weight/Square meter :
30kg/m2
Block
Density : 2000Kg/m3
Thickness : 220mm Weight/Square
meter : 440 Kg/m2
So, considering a typical high rise building - 50
stories high with 40,000m2 glass area Estimated
weight reduction :
16,400 Ton
GLASS

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Reference

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Thank you

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