This Project is on Working Radio Mirchi 93.5

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1.1 Introduction of Project
Radio is the use of radio waves to carry information, such as sound, by
systematically modulating some property of electromagnetic energy waves
transmitted through space, such as their amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse
width. When radio waves strike an electrical conductor, the oscillating fields
induce an alternating current in the conductor. The information in the waves can
be extracted and transformed back into its original form.
Radio systems need a transmitter to modulate (change) some property of the
energy produced to impress a signal on it, for example using amplitude
modulation or angle modulation (which can be frequency modulation or phase
modulation). Radio systems also need an antenna to convert electric
currents into radio waves, and vice versa. An antenna can be used for both
transmitting and receiving. The electrical resonance of tuned circuits in radios
allow individual stations to be selected. The electromagnetic wave is intercepted
by a tuned receiving antenna. A radio receiver receives its input from
an antenna and converts it into a form usable for the consumer, such as sound,
pictures, digital data, measurement values, navigational positions, etc. Radio
frequencies occupy the range from a 3 kHz to 300 GHz, although commercially
important uses of radio use only a small part of this spectrum.
A radio communication system sends signals by radio. The radio
equipment involved in communication systems includes a transmitter and a
receiver, each having an antenna and appropriate terminal equipment such as
a microphone at the transmitter and a loudspeaker at the receiver in the case of a
voice-communication system.

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The term "radio" is derived from the Latin word radius, meaning "spoke of a
wheel, beam of light, ray". It was first applied to communications in 1881 when,
at the suggestion of French scientist Ernest Mercadier, Alexander Graham
Bell adopted "radiophone" (meaning "radiated sound") as an alternate name for
his photophone optical transmission system. However this invention would not
be widely adopted.
Following Heinrich Hertz's establishment of the existence of electromagnetic
radiation in the late 1880s, a variety of terms were initially used for the
phenomenon, with early descriptions of the radiation itself including "Hertzian
waves", "electric waves", and "ether waves", while phrases describing its use in
communications included "spark telegraphy", "space telegraphy", "aerography"
and, eventually and most commonly, "wireless telegraphy". However, "wireless"
included a broad variety of related electronic technologies, including electrostatic
induction, electromagnetic induction and aquatic and earth conduction, so there
was a need for a more precise term referring exclusively to electromagnetic
radiation.
The first use of radio- in conjunction with electromagnetic radiation appears
to have been by French physicist Édouard Branly, who in 1890 developed a
version of a coherer receiver he called a radio-conducteur. The radio- prefix was
later used to form additional descriptive compound and hyphenated words,
especially in Europe, for example, in early 1898 the British publication The
Practical Engineer included a reference to "the radiotelegraph" and
"radiotelegraphy", while the French text of both the 1903 and 1906 Berlin
Radiotelegraphic Conventions includes the
phrases radiotélégraphique and radiotélégrammes.

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The use of "radio" as a standalone word dates back to at least December 30,
1904, when instructions issued by the British Post Office for transmitting
telegrams specified that "The word 'Radio'... is sent in the Service
Instructions".This practice was universally adopted, and the word "radio"
introduced internationally, by the 1906 Berlin Radiotelegraphic Convention,
which included a Service Regulation specifying that "Radiotelegrams shall show
in the preamble that the service is 'Radio'".
The switch to "radio" in place of "wireless" took place slowly and unevenly
in the English-speaking world. Lee de Forest helped popularize the new word in
the United States—in early 1907 he founded the DeForest Radio Telephone
Company, and his letter in the June 22, 1907Electrical World about the need for
legal restrictions warned that "Radio chaos will certainly be the result until such
stringent regulation is enforced".The United States Navy would also play a role.
Although its translation of the 1906 Berlin Convention used the terms "wireless
telegraph" and "wireless telegram", by 1912 it began to promote the use of
"radio" instead. The term started to become preferred by the general public in the
1920s with the introduction of broadcasting. ("Broadcasting" is based upon an
agricultural term meaning roughly "scattering seeds widely".) British
Commonwealth countries continued to commonly use the term "wireless" until
the mid-20th century, though the magazine of the British Broadcasting
Corporation in the UK has been called Radio Times since its founding in the early
1920s.
In recent years the more general term "wireless" has gained renewed
popularity, even for devices using electromagnetic radiation, through the rapid
growth of short-range computer networking, e.g., Wireless Local Area Network
(WLAN), Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, as well as mobile telephony,

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e.g., GSM and UMTS cell phones. Today, the term "radio" specifies the
transceiver device or chip, whereas "wireless" refers to the lack of physical
connections; thus equipment employs embedded radio transceivers, but operates
as wireless devices over wireless sensor networks.

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1.2 Need of the project
The project work is very essential so as to encourage the students in gaining
Practical knowledge regarding the RED FM activities besides theoretical
Knowledge. Such project works are needed to explore their knowledge and to
know more about this particular subject in a practical manner.
Importance of the project
The following project submitted is of great importance in helping us to know
the Subject ‘PUBLIC RELATION’. It has proved to be a unique opportunity for
students to Show their talents & explore their knowledge. Such project is
important in developing different skills in students like interacting different
people, collecting Information, building confidence, discovering new things
related to the subject.

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1.3 Objectives
1. To know the meaning of public relation.
2. To know the scope of public relation.
3. To know the history of radio.
4. To know about the working of radio.
5. To gain detail knowledge about the topic.
6. To know the current scenario in media industry.
7. To know about the demand of radio.
8. To know various non- profit activities carried by radio station.

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1.4 Methodology
DATA COLLECTION
METHODS
PRIMARY DATA
1. QUESTIONNAIRE
2. INTERVIEW
3. OBSERVATION
SECONDARY DATA
1. REFERENCE BOOKS
2. WEBSITES
3. COMPANY JOURNALS

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Primary Data
Primary data is basically collected by getting questionnaire filled by the
respondents. New data gathered to help solve the problem at hand. As compared to
secondary data which is previously gathered data. An example is information
gathered by a questionnaire. Qualitative or quantitative data that are newly collected
in the course of research, Consists of original information that comes from people
and includes information gathered from surveys, focus groups, independent
observations and test results.
Secondary Data
Information that already exists somewhere, having collected for another
purpose. Sources include census reports, trade publications, and subscription
services. There are two types of secondary data: internal and external secondary data.
Information compiled inside or outside the organization for some purpose other than
the current investigation Researching information, which has already been
published? Market information compiled for purposes other than the current research
effort; it can be internal data, such as existing sales-tracking information, or it can
be research conducted by someone else, such as a market research company.

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1.5 Introduction of Public Relation
The purpose of public relation practice is to establish a two way
communication between the public and the organization to resolve conflicts or
increase the sales or to understand the nature of general public based on
knowledge & other information.
The scale of activity promotes good public relation & it may vary
considerably according to the size & nature of the organization.
Overall, public relation is necessary to improve the relation between the
company & customer, agents & employees.
Goals of public relations
Some of the main goals of public relations are to create, maintain, and
protect the organization's reputation, enhance its prestige, and present a
favorable image. Studies have shown that consumers often base their purchase
decisions on a company’s reputation, so public relations can have a definite
impact on sales and revenue. Public relations can be an effective part of a
company’s overall marketing strategy. In the case of a for-profit company,
public relations and marketing should be coordinated to be sure they are
working to achieve the same objectives.
Another major public relations goal is to create good will for the
organization. This involves such functions as employee relations, stockholder
and investor relations, Media relations, and community relations. Public
relations may function to educate certain audiences about many things relevant
to the organization- including the business in general, new legislation, and

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how to use a particular product-as well as to overcome misconceptions and
prejudices. For example, a nonprofit organization may attempt to educate the
public regarding a certain point of view, while trade associations may undertake
educational programs regarding particular industries and their products and
practices.
Steps in a public relations campaign
Effective public relations requires a knowledge, based on analysis and
understanding, of all the factors that influence public attitudes toward the
organization. While a specific public relations project or campaign may be
undertaken proactively or reactively (to manage some sort of image crisis}, the
first basic step in either case involves analysis and research to identify all the
relevant factors of the situation. In this first step, the organization gains an
understanding of its various constituencies and the key factors that are
influencing their perceptions of the organization.
In the second step, the organization establishes an overall policy with
respect to the campaign. This involves defining goals and desired outcomes, as
well as the constraints under which the campaign will operate. It is necessary to
establish such policy guidelines in order to evaluate proposed strategies and
tactics as well as the overall success of the campaign.
In step three, the organization outlines its strategies and tactics. Using its
knowledge of the target audiences and its own established policies, the
organization develops specific programs to achieve the desired objectives.
Finally, step four involves actual communication with the targeted public. The
Organization then employs specific public relations techniques, such as press
conferences or special events, to reach the intended audience. In step five the

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organization receives feedback from its public. How have they reacted to the
public relations campaign? Are there some unexpected developments? In the
final step, the organization assesses the program and Makes any necessary
adjustments.
Product public relations
Public relations and marketing work together closely when it comes to
promoting a new or existing product or service. Public relations plays an
important role in new product introductions by creating awareness,
differentiating the product From other similar products, and even changing
consumer behavior. Public Relations can help introduce new products through
staging a variety of special events and handling sensitive situations. For example,
Matchabelli division of Chesebrough-Pond's USA introduced a new men' s
cologne, there were twenty-one other men's fragrances being introduced that
year. To differentiate its new offering, called Hero, Prince Matchabelli created
a National Hero Awards Program honoring authentic male heroes and enlisted
the participation of Big Brothers/Big Sisters of America to lend credibility to
the program. Similarly, when Coleco introduced its Cabbage Patch Kids dolls,
public relations helped increase awareness through licensed tie-in products,
trade show.
Employee relations
Employees are one of the most important audiences a company has, and
an ongoing public relations program is necessary to maintain employee good
will as well as to uphold the company's image and reputation among its
employees. The essence of a good employee relations program is keeping
employees informed and providing them with channels of communication

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to upper levels of management. Bechtel Group, a privately held complex of
operating companies, published an annual report for its employees to keep
them informed about the
Company’s operations. The company used surveys to determine what
information Employees considered useful. A range of other communication
devices were used, including a monthly tabloid and magazine, a quarterly video
magazine, local newsletters, bulletin boards, a call-in telephone service, and
"brown bag" lunches where live presentations were made about the company.
Suggestion systems are another effective way to improve employee-
management communications.
Other public relations programs focusing on employees include training
them as company public relations representatives; explaining benefits
programs to them; offering them educational, volunteer, and citizenship
opportunities; and staging special events such as picnics or open houses for
them. Other programs can improve performance and increase employee pride
and motivation. Public relations can also play a role in recruiting new
employees; handling reorganizations, relocations, and mergers; and resolving
labor disputes.
Financial relations
Financial relations involves communicating not only with a company's
stockholders, but also with the wider community of financial analysts and
Potential investors. An effective investor relations plan can increase the value
of a company’s stock and make it easier to raise additional capital. In some cases
special meetings with financial analysts are necessary to overcome adverse
publicity, negative perceptions about a company, or investor indifference. Such
meetings may take the form of full-day briefings, formal presentations, or

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luncheon meetings. A tour of a company’s facilities may help generate interest
among the financial community. Mailings and ongoing communications can
help a company achieve visibility among potential investors and financial
analysts.
Annual reports and stockholder meetings are the two most important
public relations tools for maintaining good investor relations. Some companies
hold regional or quarterly meetings in addition to the usual annual meeting.
Other companies reach more stockholders by moving the location of their annual
meeting from city to city. Annual reports can be complemented by quarterly
reports and dividend check inserts. Companies that wish to provide additional
communications with stockholders may send them a newsletter or company
magazine. Personal letters to new stockholders and a quick response to inquiries
insure an additional measure of good will.
Community relations
A comprehensive, ongoing community relations program can help
virtually any organization achieve visibility as a good community citizen and
gain the good will of the community in which it operates. Banks,utilities,radio
and television stations, and major retailers are some of the types of organizations
most likely to Have ongoing programs that might include supporting urban
renewal, performing Arts programs, social and educational programs, children's
programs, communityOrganizations, and construction projects. On a more
limited scale, small Businesses may achieve community visibility by sponsoring
local sports teams or other events. Support may be financial or take the form of
employee.
Closings. A well-planned public relations campaign, combined with
appropriate actions, can alleviate the tensions that such closings cause. Some

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elements of such a campaign might include offering special programs to laid-
off workers, informing employees directly about proposed closings, and
controlling rumors through candid and direct communications to the
community and employees.
Organizations conduct a variety of special programs to improve
community relations, including providing employee volunteers to work on
community projects, sponsoring educational and literacy programs, staging
open houses and conducting plant tours, celebrating anniversaries, and
mounting special exhibits. Organizations are recognized as good community
citizens when they support programs that improve the quality of life in their
community, including crime prevention, employment, environmental
programs, clean-up and beautification, recycling, and restoration.
Crisis communications
Public relations practitioners become heavily involved in crisis
communications whenever there is a major accident or natural disaster
affecting an organization and its community. Other types of crises involve
bankruptcy, product failures, and management wrongdoing. In some cases,
crises call for an organization to Become involved in helping potential victims;
in other cases, the crisis may Require rebuilding an organization's image. In any
case, experts recommend that business owners prepare a plan in advance to deal
with potential crises in an honest and forthright manner. The main objective
of such a plan is to provide accurate information quickly in order to reduce
uncertainty. After the San Francisco earthquake of 1989, for example, the Bank
of America utilized its public relations department to quickly establish

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communications with customers, the financial community, the media, and
offices in 45 countries to assure them the bank was still operating.
Government and political relations
Public relations in the political arena covers a wide range of activities,
including staging debates, holding seminars for government leaders,
influencing proposed legislation, and testifying before a congressional
committee. Political candidates engage in public relations, as do government
agencies at the federal, state.
Public relations in the public interest
Organizations attempt to generate good will and position themselves as
responsible citizens through a variety of programs conducted in the public
interest. Some examples are environmental programs (including water and
energy conservation) and antipollution programs. Health and medical
programs are sponsored by a wide range of nonprofit organizations, healthcare
providers, and other businesses and industries. These range from encouraging
other companies to develop AIDS-in-the -workplace policies to the American
Cancer Society's Great American Smokeout. Other programs offer political
education, leadership and self-improvement, recreational activities, contests,
and safety instruction.

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Consumer education
Organizations have undertaken a variety of programs to educate
consumers, building good will and helping avoid misunderstandings in the
process. Opportunities for educating consumers might include sponsoring
television and radio programs, producing manuals and other printed materials,
producing materials for classroom use, and releasing the results of surveys. In
addition to focusing on specific issues or industries, educational programs may
seek to inform consumers about economic matters and business in general.

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1.6 Introduction of Media:
Media refers collectively to all media technologies that are intended to
reach a large audience via communication. Broadcast media (also known as
electronic media) transmit their information electronically and comprise Of
television, film and radio, movies, cds; dvds and some other gadgets like cameras
or video consoles. Alternatively, print media uses a physical object as a means
of sending their information, such as a newspaper, magazines, brochures,
newsletters, books, leaflets and pamphlets. Photography can also be included
under this subheading as it is a medium which communicated through visual
representations.
Internet media is able to achieve mass media status in its own right, due
to the many mass media services it provides, such as email, websites, blogging,
Internet.

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1.7 Introduction of radio
Radio has made a comeback in the lifestyles of Indians. Radio has the
reputation of being the oldest and the cheapest medium of entertainment in
India. The radio industry has been completely reshaped by the various
private players that entered the sector after the government allowed
foreign investment into the segment and opened the licenses to the private
players.
Different technologies in broadcast radio
Frequency modulation (FM) is a form of modulation that represents
information as variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave.
FM is commonly used at VHF radio frequencies for high-fidelity broadcasts of
music and speech. Today radio is used for many forms of communication from
long distance satellite communications to the personal cell phones that are
widely used. In addition to this wireless communications are becoming more
important for data as demonstrated by the rapid growth in Wi-Fi.
Radio is also used for telecommunications links. Signals with
frequencies in the microwave region are normally used. These signals have
frequencies much higher than those in the short wave band and they are
not affected by the ionosphere. However they provide reliable direct line of
sight links that are able to carry many telephone conversations
Different types of radio
Satellite radio
Satellite radio is one of the fastest-growing entertainment services in
the world and it is making its presence felt in a small but a positive way in
India. A satellite radio is basically a digital unit that receives signals broadcast

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by communications satellite. This allows a person with a set to follow his
favorite stations anywhere in the country unlike the terrestrial radio (AM
and FM) whose signals are limited to a certain area depending on the power
of the station. Some of the advantages of a satellite radio are that the sound
is of digital quality and there are no commercials. But it is not for free, it is
available on subscription for a fee. An example would be "world space radio".
HD radio
("hybrid digital" or "high definition") is a brand name of a method
of digital transmission of AM and FM radio stations. The HD Radio system
is unique which allows stations to broadcast crystal-clear audio and a
variety of text-based services, as well as more FM channels, without changing
to new frequency bands. Hybrid system is a system in which digital signals
are sent along with the analog carrier as the standard for AM and FM
broadcasting in the United States. FM stations can offer multiple channels
(called "Multicast" channels) on the same frequencies allocated to analog
radio stations.
Internet radio
Internet radio e-Radio is an audio broadcasting service transmitted via
the Internet. Broadcasting on the Inte rnet is usually referred to as webcasting
since it is not transmitted broadly through wireless means but is delivered
over the World Wide Web. The term "e-Radio" suggests a streaming
medium that presents listeners with a continuous stream of audio to which
they have no control much like traditional broadcast media. It is not
synonymous with podcasting which involves downloading and therefore
copyright issues. Nor does e-Radio suggest "on-demand" file serving. Many
Internet "radio stations" are associated with a corresponding traditional.

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2.1 Internal Working of REDFM
Internal working of red fm
Red fm nashik - fixed point chart
Show Timing RJ name
Back to back 5 to 7 --
Morning no 1 7 to 10 am Rj Rudra
Bajate Raho Express 10 to 5pm Rj Pari, Raunak, Shruti
MH 93.5 5 to 7pm Rj Sandy
SMS 7 to 10pm Rj Nayasa

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2.2 Departments of RED FM
A station Manager
Is responsible for the day to day operation of the radio station. He is
responsible for all departments, from sales to engineering. The station manager
must also insure that the station adheres to federal rules and regulations. He
can act as a liaison between the staff and the owners of the station, and makes
certain that the staff maintains the owners' standards. To that end, the station
manager is usually responsible for hiring and training new employees, and he
also has final approval of the station's format
Operation Manager
The operations manager is the second in command at a radio station for
those stations which choose to employ one. She is responsible for coordinating
scheduling of daily on-air activity including program recordings, promotions,
continuity and underwriting as well as coordinating daily operation. The
operations manager must have good hearing to be able to monitor and maintain
sound quality. Also, the operations manager must train staff in FCC
requirements.
Sales Staff
The sales team sells on-air advertising. Advertising sales are the province
of commercial radio stations, whereas public radio stations rely largely on
donations. The sales team is led by a manager, whose job is to ensure that the
sales team is meeting its quotas and supporting them in clinching deals. Selling
advertising in radio is much like selling advertising in print media or on,.line.
Customers must be identified, their needs must be identified, and then their

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needs must be satisfied. A good sales team will successfully find new customers,
yet still nurture current accounts.
Engineering Staff
The engineering staff take care of the technical aspects of broadcasting.
This department is led by the chief engineer, whose responsibilities include
supervising the engineering staff, purchasing and maintaining equipment and
adhering to FCC standards. The engineering staff is responsible for making sure
that the radio programs are actually broadcast. Engineers also mix music, edit
tracks and use the fade in/out function,among other things. Maintaining sound
quality, signal strength and clarity are also integral parts of the engineer's job.
On Air Staff
On-air personalities are the most audible part of a radio station's
corporate structure. They are the voice of the station. Disc jockeys select and
play music as well as provide a brief introduction or background about the
song. In addition, disc jockeys provide news briefs, weather reports and traffic
updates. Radio show hosts usually run talk shows in which listeners call in.
Sometimes, guests are interviewed. Like many of their counterparts in other
departments, on-air staff need to adhere to FCC rules and regulations as well as
maintain the standards of the station.

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3.1 Non-profit Oriented activities carried by RedFm
Red FM 93.5 values the service that non-profits provide to the public. So
when working with organizations like NAB i.e. National Association of
Blinds, Family Groups and other such Education Foundation, it consult with
each of our non- profit clients to determine which radio PR strategy will achieve
their goals and be most effective.
Whether encouraging the use of designated drivers or helping seniors
protect themselves against investment fraud, Red FM 93.5 strategically craft
messages with its non-profit partners, fully maximizing the power of radio to
educate, motivate and impact the lives of radio listeners.
Public Service Announcment
Non-profit organizations utilize radio PSAs or Public Service
Announcements (PSAs) as a key component of their outreach campaigns. Since
all PSAs shou!d be non-commercial, and simply educate and inform listeners,
they are the perfect tool for non-profits looking to impact radio listeners
nationwide.
Radio Media Tours
A Radio Media Tour (RMT) for non-profit organizations will often focus
on a specific cause or message. When an issue warrants in-depth discussion, non-
profits will turn to RED FM PR to place their spokesperson on top radio stations
and networks, reaching millions of listeners in just a few hours.
Audio News Release
Our non-profit clients use an Audio News Release (ANR) when they have
a timely and newsworthy message to distribute to thousands of radio news

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directors around the country. RED FM'S PR will produce and distribute a ready-
for-air 60- second news story, complete with a sound bite from an organization
spokesperson
Podcasts
Podcasts allow non-profit organizations to communicate directly to
members and core audiences. Whether produced as a Q&A, or a feature story
that would sound at home on public radio, podcasts help non-profits raise
awareness of key messages and bolster online multimedia.

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4.1 History of radio
Radio owes its development to two other inventions, the telegraph
and the telephone; all three technologies are closely related. Radio technology
began as "wireless telegraphy”.
Radio can refer to either the electronic appliance that we listen
with or the content listened to. However, it all started with the discovery
of "radio waves" - electromagnetic waves that have the capacity to transmit
music, speech, pictures. Many devices work by using electromagnetic
waves including: radio, microwaves, cordless phones, remote controlled
toys, television broadcasts, and more.
The Roots of Radio
During the 1860s, Scottish physicist, James Clerk Maxwell2 predicted
the existence of radio waves; and in 1886, German physicist, Heinrich Rudolph
Hertz demonstrated that rapid variations of electric current could be
projected into Space in the form of radio waves similar to those of light and
heat.
In 1866, Mahlon Loomis, an American dentist, successfully
demonstrated "wireless telegraphy." Loomis was able to make a meter
connected to one kite cause another one to move, marking the first known
instance of wireless aerial communication. Twenty years after the telephone
was invented and music was first sent down a telephone line.
Marconi (1874-1937) was born in Italy and studied at the University
of Bologna. He was fascinated by Heinrich Hertz's earlier discovery of radio
waves and realized that it can be used for sending and receiving telegraph
messages, referring to it as "wireless telegraphs."

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Marconi was not the first to invent the radio, however. Four years
before Marconi started experimenting with wireless telegraph, Nikola Tesla,
a Serb who moved to the USA in 1884, invented the theoretical model for
radio. Tesla tried unsuccessful to obtain a court injunction against Marconi in
1915. In 1943 the US Supreme Court reviewed the decision. Tesla became
acknowledged as the inventor of the radio- even though he did not build a
working radio.
Growth of Radio - Radiotelegraph and Spark-Gap Transmitters
Radio-telegraphy is the sending by radio waves the same dot-dash
message (Morse code) used in a telegraph. Transmitters at that time were called
spark-gap Machines. It was developed mainly for ship-to-
shore and ship-to-ship Communication. This was a way of communicating
between two points; however, it was not public radio broadcasting as we know
it today.
Improvement to Radio Transmitter
Overseas radiotelegraph service developed slowly, primarily because the
initial radiotelegraph transmitter discharged electricity within the circuit
and between the electrodes was unstable causing a high amount of interference.
The Alexanderson high-frequency alternator and the De Forest tube resolved
many of these early technical problems.

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Radio Speaks
The first time the human voice was transmitted by radio is debatable.
Claims to that distinction range from the phase, "Hello Rainey" spoken
by Natan B. Stubblefield2 to a test partner near Murray, Kentucky, in 1892,
to an experimental Program of talk and music by Reginald A. Fessenden, in
1906, which was heard by Radio-equipped ships within several hundred miles.

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4.2 History of radio in india
Broadcasting began in India with the formation of a private radio service
in Madras (presently Chennai) in 1924. In the very same year, British colonial
government approved a license to a private company, the Indian Broadcasting
Companlt,o inaugurate Radio stations in Bombay and Kolkata. The company
almost went bankrupt in 1930 but the colonial Government took away the two
transmitters and the Department of Labor and Industries started operating them
as the Indian State Broadcasting .
Corporation. In 1936, this very Corporation was renamed All India Radio
(AIR) and was controlled by the Department of Communications. When India
became independent in 1947, AIR was made a separate Department under the
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Government of India controls the radio broadcasting in India that works under
the Directorate General of All India Radio. It was established in 1936 and since
1957 Ali India Radio was renamed as Akashvani. Akashvani is a government-
owned, semi -commercial operation of the Ministry of Information and
Broadcasting.
There were only six radio stations in India at the time of independence.
All India Radio's network had expanded by the mid-1990s to around 146 AM
stations along with a National Channel, the Integrated North-East Service that
aimed at reaching out to the tribal groups in northeast India and handles the
External Services.
There are five regional headquarters for All India Radio, namely in the
North Zone in New Delhi; the East Zone in Kolkata; the North-East Zone in
Guwahati, Assam; the West Zone in Mumbai; and the South Zone in Chennai.
The broadcasting equipment used in India is mainly indigenous and
reaches special audiences, such as farmers needing agro climatic, plant

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protection, and other agriculture-related information. The number of radio
receivers increased almost five times between 1970 and 1994. Initially it
was around 14 million that rose to nearly 65.
The early history of Indian radio broadcasting in independent India set
the parameters for the succeeding role of television in the nation. In those
days radio was considered as an integral medium of communication,
primarily due to the
Indian radio also took up the task of aiding 1n the development
of economic scenario. The role of broadcasting provided an inlet for the
flow of modern ideas. It was due to the same reason of static thoughts
prevailing in the society; that television came into existence in 1959.
Television broadcasts started from Delhi in September 1959, again associated
with the All India Radio's services.
Programs were broadcast twice a week for an hour a day on welfare
topics related to community health, citizens duties and rights, and traffic
and road sense. In 1961 the television medium were to include a school
educational television.
Radio is expected to follow the growth of the Television industry,
which grew rapidly following the entry of private player. Currently, FM
coverage in India is restricted to just 17% of the country, compared to 89% of
All India Radio {AIR). Incidentally, Music Broadcasting became the first
firm in India to commence.

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4.3 Advantages of radio
 A universal medium. Can be enjoyed at home, at work, and while
driving. Most people listen to the radio at one time or another
during the day.
 Permits you to target your advertising dollars to the market
most likely to respond to your offer.
 Permits you to create a personality for your business using
only sounds and voices.
 Free creative help is usually available.
 Rates can generally be negotiated.
 Least inflated medium. During the past ten years.. Radio rates
have gone up less than other media.
Disadvantages:
 Because radio listeners are spread over many stations, to
totally saturate your market you have to advertise
simultaneously On many stations.
 Listeners cannot refer back to your ads to go over important
points.
Ads are an interruption to the entertainment. Because of this,
radio ads must be repeated to break through the listener's "tune
out" factor.
 Radio is a background medium. Most listeners are doing
something else while listening, which means your ad has to work
hard to be listened to and understood.

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4.4 Working of radio
Radio is the transmission of signals through free space by modulation of
electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light.
Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic
fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space. Information is carried
by systematically changing (modulating) some property of the radiated waves,
such as amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width. When radio waves pass
through an electrical conductor, the oscillating fields induce an alternating
current in the conductor. This can be detected and transformed into sound or
other signals that carry information.

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4.5 Use of radio
Early uses were many time, for sending telegraphic messages using Morse
code between ships and land. The earliest users included the Japanese Navy
scouting the Russian fleet during the Battle of Tsushima in 1905. One of the
most memorable uses of marine telegraphy was during the sinking of the RMS
Titanic in 1912, including communications between operators on the sinking
ship and nearby vessels, and communications to shore stations listing the
survivors.
Today, radio takes many forms, including wireless networks and mobile
communications of alltypes, as well as radio broadcasting. Before the advent
of television, commercial radio broadcasts included not only news and music,
but dramas, comedies, variety shows, and many other forms of entertainment.
Radio was unique among methods of dramatic presentation in that it used only
sound. For more, see radio programming.

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4.6 History of Red fm
Red FM is an Indian FM14 radio brand, with stations broadcasting
at 93.5 megahertz in the cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Pune in addition
to Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Indore, Nasik, Aurangabad, Nagpur, Bangalore,
Mysore, Mangalore, Gulbarga, Kochi, Trivandrum, Trissur, Kannur, Kozhikode,
Hyderabad, Vijayawada, Vizag, Lucknow, Kanpur; Allahabad, Varanasi, Jaipur,
Bhubaneswar, Asanso, Siliguri, Gangtok, Guwahati, Jamshedpur, Shillong and
Aizwal. It was launched in 2002, playing a mix of Hindi and English songs.
However, the programming is now 100% exclusively Hindi.
RED FM was launched in August 14, 2009. When it was launched it
was named 's' fm i.e. Sun group. After 2 years it was renamed as red fm.
With the Positioning "bajate raho".93.5 red fm is 2nd biggest radio station in
India with 40 Line stations across india.Since radio is an audio means of
communication.
Various programmes conducted by red fm
It conducts various programs like RJ hunts, inter school talent search,
etc. It has also conducted various social events such activities also connects
the red fm to the public.

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4.7 Public relation in radio
One of the best sources for instant PR exposure is radio. Though it seems
like a dying medium, it is in fact still going very strong. Every morning,most
commuters are entertained on their way to work by a radio morning show.
When the commute home begins, the radio comes on again. This will probably
continue at least until technology finds a way for a person to watch television
while driving (there's a scary thought). So, it makes perfect sense to target a
radio audience for your product.

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5. Data Analysis & Interpretation
FM Radio Listeners Across Various Age groups
From the above bar graph we can see that the 35% people from the age
group of 12 to 14 listen to radio, whereas, between the age 15 to 19, 41%
people listen to radio. Whereas only 20% people listen to radio above the age
of 50
35%
40%
41%
34%
28%
20%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
12 to 14 15 to 19 20 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 +
Chart Title

37. 37
Profile of Advertisers on India Radio
It can be seen that from the pie chart, that media advertises the most
as of 22%, which is 4% less to other advertisers on radio, others constitute
26%, and our vies advertise 12% and FMCG 14%.
22%
26%
8%
8%
10%
14%
12%
Chart Title
MEDIA OTHER TELECOM RETAIL FINANCE FMCG DURABLES

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Findings
 It was found that the atmosphere at the red fm was quite friendly
which affects the working of the employees
 The schedule of the show is quite boring since it consist more of
advertisement & promotions rather than entertainment & songs
 Red fm is more concerned with profit earning instead of customer
satisfaction.
Recommendation
 It should concentrate more on customer satisfaction.
 The shows timings should be decided according to the customer
convenience
 Customer expectations should be taken into consideration
 The shows should include less advertisement & more of
entertainment.

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7.1 Conclusion Based on Learning Benefits
By completing this project, I concluded that this project work has
provided me practical knowledge & experience along with the theoretical
knowledge.
Preparation of project proved to be an excellent opportunity to boost my
knowledge in this particular subject & topic. It also improved my confidence
level since I visited the radio station & interacted different people. It helped
me improving my communication skill as well. Overall I would conclude that
the project work submitted by me was highly beneficial for me.

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7.2 Conclusion Based on Work
After doing a detailed research on media and radio, I have concluded
that the radio have made a special place in the media.
From the whole data analysis & research work, I observed that the
demand & use of radio have shown consistent increase in the number of
listeners, sponsors & advertisers. Which means that even in competitive
market, radio has been successful in achieving its demand.
Besides, public relation in radio can be done through free advertising
promotions by conducting nonprofit activities.

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8.1 Questionnaire
1. When was the Red FM started in Nasik?
2. What are the different types of radio?
3. How many branches are there in all over India?
4. What is PR strategy?
5. How is the working of radio station carried?
6. What are the various non profit activities by radio station?
7. How far are you successful in increasing number of
listeners of your radio station?
8. What are the various programs conducted by your radio station?

42. 42
8.2 Bibliography
www.redfm.co.in
www.radioindustry.inindia.com
BOOK NAME YEAR AUTHOR PUBLISHER
Public Relation
Management
1999 U.K.SINGH
B.NARAYAN
Principal Of Public
Relation
1997 Prof.K.R.BALAN Mrs.MEENA
PANDEY
Hand Book Of
Public Relation
1971 HOWARD
STEPHENSON
HOWARD
STEPHENSON