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Listening
Comprehension
Lecture No. 22
Zafar Ullah, zafarullah76@gmail.com
Listening vs. Hearing
• Hearing- physical process; natural;
passive, unintentional,
• Listening- intentional process, physical &
mental process; active; learned process; a
skill
• Listening is hard!
2
What is Listening?
• Listening (ILA, 1996): the process of
receiving, constructing meaning from, and
responding to spoken and/or nonverbal
messages; to hear something with
thoughtful attention.
• Effective communication is 2-way
– depends on speaking and listening
3
Significance of Listening with Facts
• We listen at 125-250 wpm, think at 1000-
3000 wpm.
• 75% of the time we are distracted,
preoccupied or forgetful.
• 20% of the time, we remember what we
hear.
• More than 35% of businesses think
listening is a top skill for success.
• Less than 2% of people have had formal
education with listening. 4
Types of Listening
1. Insensitive Listening or Offensive listening:
The listeners selects information to use
against the speaker.
2. Insulated Listening: A style where the listener
avoids responsibility by failing to acknowledge that
they have heard the information.
3. Selective Listening: A style where the listener
only responds to the particular parts.
4. Bottom Line Listening: The receiver only listens
about the facts. "Just the facts man." 5
Cont…
5. Court Reporter Syndrome: Listening and
recording it verbatim.
6. Informational Listening: The listener is
seeking out specific information.
7. Evaluative Listening: A style used to listen to
information upon which a decision is made.
8. Critical Incidence Listening: When not
listening may have dramatic effects.
9. Intimate Listening: The speaker is
communicating information completely honest. 6
Active Listening (3 Steps)
1. Listen
2. Question
3. Reflect-
Paraphrase
7
Step 1: Listen
• To Feelings As Well As Words
– Words – Emotions -- Implications
• Focus on Speaker
– Don’t plan, speak, or get distracted
• What Is Speaker Talking About?
– Topic? Speaker? Listener? Others?
• Look At Speaker (if present)
• Use Verbal & Non-Verbal Encouragers
8
Step 2: Questioning
• 3 Purposes
– Demonstrates why you are listening
– Gather key information
– Clarification of your understanding
• Open-ended
– Tell me more?
– How did you feel?
– Then what happened?
9
Step 3: Reflect-Paraphrase
• Reflect What Is Said (In your words)
• Reflect Feelings
• Reframe
– Capture the essence of the communication
– Remove negative framing
– Move towards problem solving
10
Strategies to Improve Your Listening
1. Increase your listening span:
• Try to resist the temptation to interrupt.
• If you don't get the whole message, ask
the speaker to repeat what they said.
• 2.) Take time to listen:
– Don't put obvious limitations on your
listening time - the speaker will feel
rushed.
11
Cont…
• 3.) Listen between the lines:
– Don't just listen to what is being said.
– Try to understand the attitudes, needs and
motives behind the words.
• 4.) Give your full attention:
– Nodding or interjecting occasionally
– If the speaker pauses, don't fill the silence.
– Use open-ended questions to encourage
elaboration.
12
Cont…
• 5.) Restate the message:
– When you are sure that the speaker has finished,
restate the main points.
– It also gives the speaker assurance that the message
has been received.
• 6.) Listen for ideas as well as facts:
• 7.) Don't monopolize:
– Resist the urge to dominate a situation
– Be open to new ideas and allow the speaker to have
his or her say.
13
DO’s
• Be mentally prepared to listen
• Evaluate the speech not the speaker
• Be unbiased to the speaker
• Fight distractions
• Be open minded
• Ask questions to clarify
• Paraphrase from time to time
• Send appropriate non-verbal signals
• Eye contact, nodding
14
Don’ts
• Not to pay undue emphasis on vocabulary; use the
context to understand the meaning
• Don’t focus on accessories and clothing of the speaker
• Not to prepare your responses while the speaker is
speaking
• Avoid preconceptions and prejudices
• Not to get distracted by outside influences
• Not to interrupt too often
• Not to show boredom, yawning
• Daydreaming.
15
IELTS Listening Pattern
• 30 minutes
• 40 questions
• Recording 1: a conversation between two
persons
• Recording 2: a monologue
• Recording 3: a conversation between up to
four people set in an educational context,
Recording 4: a university lecture
16
Free Practice of IELTS Listening Test
• Questions, audio, answers
• https://takeielts.britishcouncil.org/take-
ielts/prepare/free-ielts-practice-
tests/listening/section-1
17
Listening Sources
• BBC
• https://www.bbc.com/
• Documentaries
• https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02q3
3dg
• AudionBooks
• https://www.learnoutloud.com/
18
Songs for Learning English
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRdpy
DmSBG8&t=10s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpqV3d
zYOgk
• http://iteslj.org/links/TESL/Songs/
• Library of songs
• https://www.songsforteaching.com/
19
Thanks
20
Question Answers
21

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Functional English 22. Listening Skill/ Listening Comprehension (Code.0072)

  • 1. Listening Comprehension Lecture No. 22 Zafar Ullah, zafarullah76@gmail.com
  • 2. Listening vs. Hearing • Hearing- physical process; natural; passive, unintentional, • Listening- intentional process, physical & mental process; active; learned process; a skill • Listening is hard! 2
  • 3. What is Listening? • Listening (ILA, 1996): the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages; to hear something with thoughtful attention. • Effective communication is 2-way – depends on speaking and listening 3
  • 4. Significance of Listening with Facts • We listen at 125-250 wpm, think at 1000- 3000 wpm. • 75% of the time we are distracted, preoccupied or forgetful. • 20% of the time, we remember what we hear. • More than 35% of businesses think listening is a top skill for success. • Less than 2% of people have had formal education with listening. 4
  • 5. Types of Listening 1. Insensitive Listening or Offensive listening: The listeners selects information to use against the speaker. 2. Insulated Listening: A style where the listener avoids responsibility by failing to acknowledge that they have heard the information. 3. Selective Listening: A style where the listener only responds to the particular parts. 4. Bottom Line Listening: The receiver only listens about the facts. "Just the facts man." 5
  • 6. Cont… 5. Court Reporter Syndrome: Listening and recording it verbatim. 6. Informational Listening: The listener is seeking out specific information. 7. Evaluative Listening: A style used to listen to information upon which a decision is made. 8. Critical Incidence Listening: When not listening may have dramatic effects. 9. Intimate Listening: The speaker is communicating information completely honest. 6
  • 7. Active Listening (3 Steps) 1. Listen 2. Question 3. Reflect- Paraphrase 7
  • 8. Step 1: Listen • To Feelings As Well As Words – Words – Emotions -- Implications • Focus on Speaker – Don’t plan, speak, or get distracted • What Is Speaker Talking About? – Topic? Speaker? Listener? Others? • Look At Speaker (if present) • Use Verbal & Non-Verbal Encouragers 8
  • 9. Step 2: Questioning • 3 Purposes – Demonstrates why you are listening – Gather key information – Clarification of your understanding • Open-ended – Tell me more? – How did you feel? – Then what happened? 9
  • 10. Step 3: Reflect-Paraphrase • Reflect What Is Said (In your words) • Reflect Feelings • Reframe – Capture the essence of the communication – Remove negative framing – Move towards problem solving 10
  • 11. Strategies to Improve Your Listening 1. Increase your listening span: • Try to resist the temptation to interrupt. • If you don't get the whole message, ask the speaker to repeat what they said. • 2.) Take time to listen: – Don't put obvious limitations on your listening time - the speaker will feel rushed. 11
  • 12. Cont… • 3.) Listen between the lines: – Don't just listen to what is being said. – Try to understand the attitudes, needs and motives behind the words. • 4.) Give your full attention: – Nodding or interjecting occasionally – If the speaker pauses, don't fill the silence. – Use open-ended questions to encourage elaboration. 12
  • 13. Cont… • 5.) Restate the message: – When you are sure that the speaker has finished, restate the main points. – It also gives the speaker assurance that the message has been received. • 6.) Listen for ideas as well as facts: • 7.) Don't monopolize: – Resist the urge to dominate a situation – Be open to new ideas and allow the speaker to have his or her say. 13
  • 14. DO’s • Be mentally prepared to listen • Evaluate the speech not the speaker • Be unbiased to the speaker • Fight distractions • Be open minded • Ask questions to clarify • Paraphrase from time to time • Send appropriate non-verbal signals • Eye contact, nodding 14
  • 15. Don’ts • Not to pay undue emphasis on vocabulary; use the context to understand the meaning • Don’t focus on accessories and clothing of the speaker • Not to prepare your responses while the speaker is speaking • Avoid preconceptions and prejudices • Not to get distracted by outside influences • Not to interrupt too often • Not to show boredom, yawning • Daydreaming. 15
  • 16. IELTS Listening Pattern • 30 minutes • 40 questions • Recording 1: a conversation between two persons • Recording 2: a monologue • Recording 3: a conversation between up to four people set in an educational context, Recording 4: a university lecture 16
  • 17. Free Practice of IELTS Listening Test • Questions, audio, answers • https://takeielts.britishcouncil.org/take- ielts/prepare/free-ielts-practice- tests/listening/section-1 17
  • 18. Listening Sources • BBC • https://www.bbc.com/ • Documentaries • https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02q3 3dg • AudionBooks • https://www.learnoutloud.com/ 18
  • 19. Songs for Learning English • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRdpy DmSBG8&t=10s • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpqV3d zYOgk • http://iteslj.org/links/TESL/Songs/ • Library of songs • https://www.songsforteaching.com/ 19