Slideshare (lesson#7)tauheed-course-(batch#5-aug-dec-2015)-tawassul-(28-oct-2015)

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speaking
Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.
““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”
IT CAN ALSO BE AIT CAN ALSO BE A
REFRESHER COURSEREFRESHER COURSE
FOR MUSLIMFOR MUSLIM
PARENTS, EDUCATORS,PARENTS, EDUCATORS,
IN CONTEMPORARYIN CONTEMPORARY
SINGAPORE.SINGAPORE.
OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL
IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAH
MOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATE
MOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL # 7# 7
For further information and registration contact EFor further information and registration contact E-mail :-mail :
ad.fardhayn.sg@gmail.comad.fardhayn.sg@gmail.com
or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279
LESSON
““INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OFINTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF
TAUTAUHHEED – (AQA’ID)EED – (AQA’ID)””
Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults
conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
BATCH - #5
[AUGUST-DEC-2015]
Updated 28 October 2015Updated 28 October 2015
18 weekly class starting:18 weekly class starting: 12th AUGUST 201512th AUGUST 2015
Every Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pm
Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road,Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road,
#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))
WHAT IS “WHAT IS “ TAWASSUL “ ?TAWASSUL “ ?

FROM PREVIOUS LESSONFROM PREVIOUS LESSON

ALLAH’S WARNING REGARDING SOME PEOPLE CLAIMING TO BE MUSLIMS
FROM PREVIOUS LESSONFROM PREVIOUS LESSON

TO CONTINUETO CONTINUE

The term “The term “ “ pronounce ‘“ pronounce ‘TAWAS-SULTAWAS-SUL’ – is from the word’ – is from the word
’’WASALAWASALA’ – “’ – “seek to gain access; to solicit; to implore; toseek to gain access; to solicit; to implore; to
turn with a request; make use of a meansturn with a request; make use of a means” etc., from which we then” etc., from which we then
get the word:get the word:
- - “- - “ WASA-ILWASA-IL (sing.)(sing.) ““WASII-LAHWASII-LAH (pl.)(pl.) - meaning :- meaning :
““means, medium, way, position, status, etc.means, medium, way, position, status, etc.””

Generally we refer this term to the :Generally we refer this term to the :
““ way, or means of attaining something, a cause to seek an effect,way, or means of attaining something, a cause to seek an effect,””
This can be applied to refer to physical laws too, as in physical laws ofThis can be applied to refer to physical laws too, as in physical laws of
causality, etc. but our concern here when speaking ofcausality, etc. but our concern here when speaking of TAWASSULTAWASSUL isis
in spiritual or religious matters, the unseenin spiritual or religious matters, the unseen ((GHAYBIYYAHGHAYBIYYAH), as in), as in
makingmaking Du’aDu’a,, gaining blessings, safety, prosperity, longevity, etcgaining blessings, safety, prosperity, longevity, etc..

Thus in the study ofThus in the study of TAUTAUHHEEDEED, by this term, we specifically mean :, by this term, we specifically mean :
““ making request, petition, supplication by way of, or by means of,making request, petition, supplication by way of, or by means of,
something being sought in matters of religious domain orsomething being sought in matters of religious domain or
metaphysical realmmetaphysical realm””
And these kinds ofAnd these kinds of WASILAHWASILAH ((sought in matters of religious domainsought in matters of religious domain
or metaphysical realm) cannot be truly known,or metaphysical realm) cannot be truly known, except by (TAUQIF)except by (TAUQIF)
reliance and guidance of Allah’sreliance and guidance of Allah’s revelationrevelation ( in( in Al-QUR’ANAl-QUR’AN andand As-As-
SUNNAHSUNNAH).).

““O ye who believe! (Be conscious of and) do your duty toO ye who believe! (Be conscious of and) do your duty to
Allah, seek theAllah, seek the WASILAHWASILAH (means of approach) unto Him, and(means of approach) unto Him, and
strive (with might and main) in His cause: that ye maystrive (with might and main) in His cause: that ye may
prosper.”prosper.”
((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5:35Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5:35))
ALLAH (SWT) COMMANDSALLAH (SWT) COMMANDS

Early Muslim scholars commented that the termEarly Muslim scholars commented that the term WASILAHWASILAH in thisin this
verse meansverse means AL-QURBAHAL-QURBAH i.e. “i.e. “seeking nearnessseeking nearness” . Thus” . Thus
TAWASSULTAWASSUL is defined:is defined:
““ seeking nearness to, or making request, petition, supplication toseeking nearness to, or making request, petition, supplication to
Allah by way of, or by means of, something to ensure success ofAllah by way of, or by means of, something to ensure success of
what is being soughtwhat is being sought ””

IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE :IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE :
Some peoples’ understanding ofSome peoples’ understanding of TAWASSULTAWASSUL (generally translated)(generally translated)
asas ““ intermediariesintermediaries”” is ambiguous and inaccurate, and may lead tois ambiguous and inaccurate, and may lead to
a misunderstanding of Islamic concept of worship.a misunderstanding of Islamic concept of worship.
Note here that Allah SWT uses the termNote here that Allah SWT uses the term ““WASILAHWASILAH ””
(ref: Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5: 35).(ref: Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5: 35).

The word forThe word for ““intermediaryintermediary”” in Arabic which isin Arabic which is
-- WASIWASITwTwAHAH “,“, although can also refer toalthough can also refer to ““means ormeans or
mediummedium”,”, but it has a different nuance as compared to the termbut it has a different nuance as compared to the term ““
-- WASILAH.WASILAH.””

Whenever the English wordWhenever the English word ““intermediaryintermediary”” is used, inadvertently itis used, inadvertently it
evoke in one’s mind, a distinct separation between two things, whichevoke in one’s mind, a distinct separation between two things, which
it is linking or bridging – sort of a go-between.it is linking or bridging – sort of a go-between.
But worship (But worship (‘IBAADAH‘IBAADAH) in Islam to Allah SWT) in Islam to Allah SWT is direct and does notis direct and does not
requirerequire anyany ““intermediariesintermediaries”” as in some other religionsas in some other religions..

This point must be clarified, because there are people who are quickThis point must be clarified, because there are people who are quick
to assume as though we Muslims regard Allah to be ‘to assume as though we Muslims regard Allah to be ‘remote ; orremote ; or
detached; cut-off; etcdetached; cut-off; etc,’ – and that,’ – and that ‘‘intermediariesintermediaries’’ are thereforeare therefore
needed, or are essential, as ‘go-between’. This is not a correct view!needed, or are essential, as ‘go-between’. This is not a correct view!
They may have been hasty and have erroneously ‘They may have been hasty and have erroneously ‘assumedassumed’ Islamic’ Islamic
theology to be similarly understood like some other religions.theology to be similarly understood like some other religions.

Islam rejects such notionIslam rejects such notion..
We Muslims are already convinced and conscious of Allah’sWe Muslims are already convinced and conscious of Allah’s
intimate presence, nearness and omnipotence.intimate presence, nearness and omnipotence.
““AND IF My servants ask thee (Muhammad)AND IF My servants ask thee (Muhammad)
about Me -about Me - behold, I am nearbehold, I am near””
((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 186Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 186))

And our daily worship requires us to have a direct communion :And our daily worship requires us to have a direct communion :
““Worship Allah as though you see Him, if not, certainly He sees youWorship Allah as though you see Him, if not, certainly He sees you.”.”
““NOW, VERILY, it is We who have created man, andNOW, VERILY, it is We who have created man, and
We know what his innermost self whispers within him:We know what his innermost self whispers within him:
for We are closer to him than his neck-veinfor We are closer to him than his neck-vein.”.”
((Qur’an: Qaf: 50: 16Qur’an: Qaf: 50: 16))

It is in making our request to Allah – inIt is in making our request to Allah – in Du’aDu’a,, munajatmunajat, etc. that, etc. that
the humility in ourselves, i.e. knowing how insignificant andthe humility in ourselves, i.e. knowing how insignificant and
undeserving we are, that we are therefore taught to seek thisundeserving we are, that we are therefore taught to seek this
WASILAHWASILAH -- asas ““means of imploring, or to strengthen or support ourmeans of imploring, or to strengthen or support our
request or petitionrequest or petition,” -,” - lest we feel hopeless and despair as, in ourlest we feel hopeless and despair as, in our
humility we would have deemed ourselves as being unworthy.humility we would have deemed ourselves as being unworthy.
Thus, this verse regarding the use ofThus, this verse regarding the use of WASILAHWASILAH, indicate ways of, indicate ways of
appealing to Allah for His abundant Grace, despite our flaws.appealing to Allah for His abundant Grace, despite our flaws.

We therefore regardWe therefore regard TAWASSULTAWASSUL as only amongst theas only amongst the ‘‘AdabAdab’’ (right(right
etiquette, approach) which Allah SWT have shown and taught us,etiquette, approach) which Allah SWT have shown and taught us,
from His Compassion and Mercy.from His Compassion and Mercy.
All our pleadings ultimately is directed to Allah SWT , Who Alone isAll our pleadings ultimately is directed to Allah SWT , Who Alone is
the Divine, the One Who can fulfil all of our request and needs.the Divine, the One Who can fulfil all of our request and needs. ForFor
nothing can occur without His Decree and permissionnothing can occur without His Decree and permission..

REMEMBER ALWAYS THAT IN ISLAMREMEMBER ALWAYS THAT IN ISLAM
ALL OUR PLEADINGS, (ALL OUR PLEADINGS, (DU’ADU’A) SUUPLICATION, ETC. ULTIMATELY IS) SUUPLICATION, ETC. ULTIMATELY IS
DIRECTED TO ALLAH, WHO ALONE IS THE DIVINE WITHOUTDIRECTED TO ALLAH, WHO ALONE IS THE DIVINE WITHOUT
PARTNERS, THE ONE WHO CAN FULFIL ALL OUR REQUESTS ANDPARTNERS, THE ONE WHO CAN FULFIL ALL OUR REQUESTS AND
NEEDS – ANDNEEDS – AND NOT THENOT THE ‘‘WASILAHWASILAH’ .’ .

IMPORTANT VERSES TO REMEMBER :IMPORTANT VERSES TO REMEMBER :

““When My servants ask thee concerning Me, I am indeedWhen My servants ask thee concerning Me, I am indeed
close (to them); I listen to the prayer of every suppliant whenclose (to them); I listen to the prayer of every suppliant when
he calls on Me;he calls on Me; let them also with a will listen to My call andlet them also with a will listen to My call and
believe in Mebelieve in Me; that they may walk in the right way.”; that they may walk in the right way.”

And your Lord says: "And your Lord says: "Call on (supplicate to) Me; I will answerCall on (supplicate to) Me; I will answer
youryour ((Du’aDu’a -Prayer): But those who are too arrogant to serve-Prayer): But those who are too arrogant to serve
Me will surely find themselves in Hell in humiliation!"Me will surely find themselves in Hell in humiliation!"
((Qur’an: Ghafir: 40: 60Qur’an: Ghafir: 40: 60))

BACK TO ALLAH’S (SWT) COMMANDBACK TO ALLAH’S (SWT) COMMAND
““O ye who believe! (O ye who believe! (IT-TAQULLAHIT-TAQULLAH -Be conscious of and) do your-Be conscious of and) do your
duty to Allah, seek theduty to Allah, seek the WASILAHWASILAH (means of approach) unto Him,(means of approach) unto Him,
and strive (with might and main) in His cause: that ye mayand strive (with might and main) in His cause: that ye may
prosper.”prosper.”
((Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5:35Qur’an: Ma-idah: 5:35))

From this verseFrom this verse ((Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5:35Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5:35)) the first command to bethe first command to be
noted is Allah’s command towardsnoted is Allah’s command towards TAQWATAQWA (“(“consciousness andconsciousness and
fear of transgressing Allah’s commandfear of transgressing Allah’s command”).”).
Then only comes the commandThen only comes the command ““to seek a way or the means orto seek a way or the means or
approachapproach” –” – WASILAHWASILAH – to Allah– to Allah..

The significance of this is that:The significance of this is that:
[1][1] TAQWATAQWA already implies upholding ofalready implies upholding of TAUTAUHHEEDEED.. Thus, as long as aThus, as long as a
Muslim keep this in mind, his using of aMuslim keep this in mind, his using of a ‘‘WASILAHWASILAH’ is never to be’ is never to be
regarded asregarded as ‘‘SHIRKSHIRK’.’. For us Muslims, we are to even correct theFor us Muslims, we are to even correct the
MUSHRIKUNMUSHRIKUN (the polytheists) by asserting that other than Allah(the polytheists) by asserting that other than Allah
SWT, all others are mere creations in need of Allah SWT, and thatSWT, all others are mere creations in need of Allah SWT, and that
these too also have to seek some form ofthese too also have to seek some form of WASILAHWASILAH - as means of- as means of
approach to Allah SWT – the way ordained as in Qur’an: Maa-idah:approach to Allah SWT – the way ordained as in Qur’an: Maa-idah:
5:355:35..

AS WHAT ALLAH (SWT) HAS ASSERTEDAS WHAT ALLAH (SWT) HAS ASSERTED
““Those whom they call upon are themselves seeking the means of
access to their Lord (WASILAH), each trying to be nearer to Him.
They crave for His Mercy and dread His chastisement. Surely your
Lord's punishment is to be feared.”.”
((Qur’an: Al-Isra’: 17: 57Qur’an: Al-Isra’: 17: 57))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))

REMEMBER THIS IMPORTANT DZIKRREMEMBER THIS IMPORTANT DZIKR
LAA- ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAHU - WALAA- ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAHU - WAHHDAHU –DAHU –
LAA – SHAREE-KA LAH, LAHUL-MULKU –LAA – SHAREE-KA LAH, LAHUL-MULKU –
WALAHUL-WALAHUL-HHAMD, WA-HUWA - ‘ALAAAMD, WA-HUWA - ‘ALAA
KUL-LI- SHAY -INQ- QADEER,KUL-LI- SHAY -INQ- QADEER,
““There is no god (none has the right to be worshipped)There is no god (none has the right to be worshipped)
except Allexcept Allaah, alone, without partner, to Him belongsh, alone, without partner, to Him belongs
all sovereignty and praise and He is All-Powerful overall sovereignty and praise and He is All-Powerful over
all things .”all things .”

The next significance of this is that:The next significance of this is that:
[2] In fact,[2] In fact, TAWASSULTAWASSUL is a command, and should be regarded as partis a command, and should be regarded as part
ofof ““cause and effectcause and effect”” amongst Allah’s ways. Therefore anamongst Allah’s ways. Therefore anyy
WASILAHWASILAH are not to be regarded as being independent of Allah,are not to be regarded as being independent of Allah,
but can have possible effect only with Allah’s Will or permissionbut can have possible effect only with Allah’s Will or permission..

[3] Thus, if a person was to[3] Thus, if a person was to ““seek a way or meansseek a way or means”” but thinking thatbut thinking that
thethe WASILAHWASILAH possesses independent power from Allah SWT,possesses independent power from Allah SWT, onlyonly
then can he be saidthen can he be said to be guilty ofto be guilty of ‘SHIRK‘SHIRK’’ ( sin of setting up a( sin of setting up a
partner or rival to Allah SWT).partner or rival to Allah SWT).

[4] The difference of opinion regarding[4] The difference of opinion regarding TAWASSULTAWASSUL amongst certainamongst certain
Muslim scholars is on legal ‘validity’, i.e. regarding “Muslim scholars is on legal ‘validity’, i.e. regarding “what canwhat can bebe
accepted andaccepted and what cannot bewhat cannot be accepted asaccepted as WASILAHWASILAH” – according to” – according to
the basis ofthe basis of SHARI’AHSHARI’AH (Islamic principles).(Islamic principles).

AGAIN REMEMBER THE IMPORTANT DZIKRAGAIN REMEMBER THE IMPORTANT DZIKR

WHAT ALL MUSLIM SCHOLARS HAVE AGREED UPON ( IJMA’ ) :WHAT ALL MUSLIM SCHOLARS HAVE AGREED UPON ( IJMA’ ) :
According toAccording to SHARI’AHSHARI’AH,, all scholars accept that there are 3 types ofall scholars accept that there are 3 types of
WASILAHWASILAH ::
[1][1] TAWASSULTAWASSUL petitioning apetitioning a Du’aDu’a (supplication) by using or invoking(supplication) by using or invoking
the Most Beautiful Names of Allahthe Most Beautiful Names of Allah ((AL-ASMA-AL-AL-ASMA-AL-HHUSNAUSNA).).

““The most beautiful names belong to Allah: so callThe most beautiful names belong to Allah: so call
(supplicate) on Him by (invoking) them”(supplicate) on Him by (invoking) them”
((Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 180Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 180))
ONE OF THE BASIS (DALIL)

Whenever the ProphetWhenever the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ is faced with a difficult situation oris faced with a difficult situation or
matter, he would supplicate (to Allah with this Du’a):matter, he would supplicate (to Allah with this Du’a):
““YAA HAYYUYAA HAYYU (O the Ever Living),(O the Ever Living), YAA QAYYUMYAA QAYYUM (O the Ever Existing),(O the Ever Existing),
BI-RAHMATIKABI-RAHMATIKA (by Your Mercy)(by Your Mercy) AS-TA-GHITHAS-TA-GHITH (I seek help).”(I seek help).”
((Hadith reported by Tirmidzi and HakimHadith reported by Tirmidzi and Hakim))

According toAccording to SHARI’AHSHARI’AH,, all scholars accept that there are 3 types ofall scholars accept that there are 3 types of
WASILAHWASILAH ::
[2][2] TAWASSULTAWASSUL petitioning apetitioning a Du’aDu’a (supplication)(supplication) by using or mentioningby using or mentioning
one’s own righteous deeds which one had done sincerely forone’s own righteous deeds which one had done sincerely for
AllahAllah..

"Our Lord!"Our Lord! we believewe believe in what thou hast revealed, andin what thou hast revealed, and we followwe follow
the Messenger; then write us down among those who bearthe Messenger; then write us down among those who bear
witness.”witness.”
((Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 53Qur’an: Aali ’Imran: 3: 53))

REFLECTION:
In this verse, which contains Allah’s teaching us a Du’a which begun -
firstly by our expressing the affirmation of our Faith (IIMAN) to Allah and
His Revelation following His Messenger ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ – before making our
request.
It shows how our Faith (IIMAN) and our obedience (following Allah’s
Messenger) is to be used as a WASILAH , to reinforce the request.

ANOTHER BASIS (DALIL)
The next basis, is a Hadith in which it narrates the plight of 3 men
trapped in a cave. Each men then made Du’a by using their righteous
deeds (‘AMAL) as WASILAH to request that Allah release them.

One brought up his deeds of looking after his parents; another, his
avoidance of sinning although it would have been easy to commit,
and the third person, his honesty in returning what belongs to others
including additional wealth accrued from it.
All the three of them made TAWASSUL by explicitly mentioning the
following phrases:

NARRATION OF THE 3 MEN TRAPPED IN A CAVE – THEIR TAWASSUL :NARRATION OF THE 3 MEN TRAPPED IN A CAVE – THEIR TAWASSUL :
(after mentioning his ‘amal, he said)(after mentioning his ‘amal, he said) :"O Allah! If what I have:"O Allah! If what I have
done was truly for seeking to please You, then (by this deed Idone was truly for seeking to please You, then (by this deed I
ask You to) get us out of this (cave)” – then the cave wasask You to) get us out of this (cave)” – then the cave was
opened and they could get out.”opened and they could get out.”
((Hadith reported by Bukhary and MuslimHadith reported by Bukhary and Muslim))

According toAccording to SHARI’AHSHARI’AH, all scholars accept that there are 3 types of, all scholars accept that there are 3 types of
WASILAHWASILAH ::
[3][3] TAWASSUTAWASSULL by seeking a living righteous person (by seeking a living righteous person (SWSWOLIOLIHHEENEEN) to) to
makemake Du’aDu’a (supplication) or petitioning Allah through using his(supplication) or petitioning Allah through using his
status (entity –status (entity – DzatDzat) of righteousness with Allah.) of righteousness with Allah.

DU’A TAUGHT BY THE PROPHET S.A.A.W. TO A BLIND MAN
( Hadith reported by Tirmidzi from ‘Uthman bin Hunayf )( Hadith reported by Tirmidzi from ‘Uthman bin Hunayf )

DU’A TAUGHT BY THE PROPHET S.A.A.W. TO A BLIND MAN
( Hadith reported by Tirmidzi from ‘Uthman bin Hunayf )( Hadith reported by Tirmidzi from ‘Uthman bin Hunayf )
““O Allah! I ask YouO Allah! I ask You and turn to You through our Prophetand turn to You through our Prophet
MuhammadMuhammad ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ the Prophet of Mercy:the Prophet of Mercy:
O Muhammad! By you (or through you),O Muhammad! By you (or through you), I turn towards yourI turn towards your
Lord , the Most Glorious Exalted, that He grants for me myLord , the Most Glorious Exalted, that He grants for me my
request. O Allah! Grant him the intercession for me.”request. O Allah! Grant him the intercession for me.”

CONSIDER THIS QUR’ANIC VERSE

““We sent not an Messenger but to be obeyed, in accordanceWe sent not an Messenger but to be obeyed, in accordance
with the Will of Allah. If they had only,with the Will of Allah. If they had only, when they werewhen they were
unjust to themselves come unto thee (Muhammad) andunjust to themselves come unto thee (Muhammad) and
asked Allah's forgiveness and the Messenger had askedasked Allah's forgiveness and the Messenger had asked
forgiveness for themforgiveness for them, they would have found Allah indeed, they would have found Allah indeed
Oft-Returning, Most Merciful.”Oft-Returning, Most Merciful.”
((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 64Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 64))
CONSIDER THIS QUR’ANIC VERSE

WHAT IF THE OBJECTION IS THAT “THE PROPHET ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ IS DEAD” ?
““Think not of those who are killed in the Way ofThink not of those who are killed in the Way of
Allah as dead.Allah as dead. Nay, they are alive, with their LordNay, they are alive, with their Lord,,
and they have provision.”and they have provision.”
((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 169Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 169))

““Verily Allah, Most Exalted, has angels who are commanded toVerily Allah, Most Exalted, has angels who are commanded to
roam and observe the people on earth. They will convey to me allroam and observe the people on earth. They will convey to me all
the ‘the ‘salamssalams ’ from people of my community.”’ from people of my community.”
((Hadith reported by Ahmad, An-Nasa-i, and Ad-DarimiyHadith reported by Ahmad, An-Nasa-i, and Ad-Darimiy))
WHAT IF THE OBJECTION IS THAT “THE PROPHET ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ IS DEAD” ?

DIFFERENCE OF OPINION ( KHILAFIYAH ):DIFFERENCE OF OPINION ( KHILAFIYAH ):
Difference of opinion (Difference of opinion (ikhtilaikhtilaff) amongst Muslim scholars regarding) amongst Muslim scholars regarding
WASILAHWASILAH are:are:
[A][A] TAWASSULTAWASSUL by seeking theby seeking the Du’aDu’a (supplication) of a righteous person(supplication) of a righteous person
((SWSWOLIOLIHHEEEENN), even after the person has died.), even after the person has died.

Difference of opinion (Difference of opinion (ikhtilafikhtilaf) amongst Muslim scholars regarding) amongst Muslim scholars regarding
WASILAHWASILAH are:are:
[B][B] TAWASSULTAWASSUL by making the petitioning with aby making the petitioning with a Du’aDu’a (supplication),(supplication),
through mentioning the status (entity –through mentioning the status (entity – DzatDzat) of a righteous person) of a righteous person
((SWOLISWOLIHHEENEEN) with Allah, after he has died.) with Allah, after he has died.
DIFFERENCE OF OPINION ( KHILAFIYAH ):DIFFERENCE OF OPINION ( KHILAFIYAH ):

SOURCE & BASIS USED BY MOST SCHOLARS:SOURCE & BASIS USED BY MOST SCHOLARS:
USING STATUS OR THE ‘RIGHT’ OF THE PROPHETUSING STATUS OR THE ‘RIGHT’ OF THE PROPHET
MUHAMMADMUHAMMAD ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ ((BI-BI-HHAQQIHIAQQIHI).).
There is a Hadith from our Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ in reference to
the Qur’anic verse (Baqarah: 37) which narrates how Prophet Adam
a.s. sought forgiveness from Allah. Adam a.s. made this Du’a :
YAA – ROB-BI, AS-A-LUKA – BI-HAQ-QI
MUHAM-MADIN – LI-MAA –GHA-FAR-TA-LI

HADITH OF PROPHET ADAM’S DU’A - ON THE AUTHORITY OF ‘UMAR R.A.:HADITH OF PROPHET ADAM’S DU’A - ON THE AUTHORITY OF ‘UMAR R.A.:
"When Adam committed his mistake he said: O my Lord, I am"When Adam committed his mistake he said: O my Lord, I am
asking you to forgive me for the sake of Muhammad. Allah said:asking you to forgive me for the sake of Muhammad. Allah said:
O Adam, and how do you know about Muhammad whom I haveO Adam, and how do you know about Muhammad whom I have
not yet created?not yet created?
Adam replied, O my Lord, after You created me with your handAdam replied, O my Lord, after You created me with your hand
and breathed into me of Your Spirit, I raised my head and sawand breathed into me of Your Spirit, I raised my head and saw
written on the heights of the Throne:written on the heights of the Throne:
LAA- ILAHA -ILLALLAH –MULAA- ILAHA -ILLALLAH –MUHHAMMADUN -RASU-LULLAHAMMADUN -RASU-LULLAH
(There is no god except Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)(There is no god except Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)
……. ( cont’d ). ( cont’d )All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))

““.... I understood that You would not place next to Your Name.... I understood that You would not place next to Your Name
but the Most Beloved One of Your creation.”but the Most Beloved One of Your creation.”
Allah said: “O Adam, I have forgiven you, and were it not forAllah said: “O Adam, I have forgiven you, and were it not for
Muhammad I would not have created you.“Muhammad I would not have created you.“
(( Reported by al-Hakim in ‘MustadrakReported by al-Hakim in ‘Mustadrak ))

COMMENT:
This hadith is declared sound (sahih) byThis hadith is declared sound (sahih) by al-Hakimal-Hakim in ‘al-Mustadrak’in ‘al-Mustadrak’
(2:651), although he acknowledges ‘(2:651), although he acknowledges ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibnAbd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn
Aslam’Aslam’, one of its sub-narrators, as weak., one of its sub-narrators, as weak.
Al-SubkiAl-Subki confirms al-Hakim's authenticationconfirms al-Hakim's authentication;; Qadi `IyadQadi `Iyad includes thisincludes this
among the "sound and famous narrations" in al-Shifa, and he says thatamong the "sound and famous narrations" in al-Shifa, and he says that
Abu Muhammad al-MakkiAbu Muhammad al-Makki andand Abu al-Layth al-SamarqandiAbu al-Layth al-Samarqandi mention it.mention it.

COMMENT:
Ibn al-JawziIbn al-Jawzi also considers it sound (sahih) as he cites it in the firstalso considers it sound (sahih) as he cites it in the first
chapter of ‘chapter of ‘al-Wafa bi ahwal al-mustafaal-Wafa bi ahwal al-mustafa.’.’
As-SuyutiAs-Suyuti cites this in his Qur'anic commentary ‘al-Durr al-manthur.’cites this in his Qur'anic commentary ‘al-Durr al-manthur.’
Ibn KathirIbn Kathir mentions it;mentions it; al-Haythamial-Haythami ;; al-Bayhaqial-Bayhaqi;; Abu Nu`aymAbu Nu`aym allall
mentions and accepted this hadith despite knowing ‘Abd al-Rahmanmentions and accepted this hadith despite knowing ‘Abd al-Rahman
ibn Zayd ibn Aslam’ to be weak.ibn Zayd ibn Aslam’ to be weak.
OnlyOnly Ibn TaymiyahIbn Taymiyah,, DhahabiDhahabi andand al-Asqalanial-Asqalani rejected this Hadithrejected this Hadith..

IMPORTANT DZIKRIMPORTANT DZIKR

SOURCE & BASIS USED BY MOST SCHOLARS:SOURCE & BASIS USED BY MOST SCHOLARS:
HADITH OF ‘UTHMAN IBN HUNAYF REGARDING A MAN IN NEEDHADITH OF ‘UTHMAN IBN HUNAYF REGARDING A MAN IN NEED
CALLING UPON THE DEAD TO MAKE DU’ACALLING UPON THE DEAD TO MAKE DU’A
FOR THE LIVINGFOR THE LIVING
TabaraniTabarani, in his "al-Mu'jam al saghir", reports a hadith from, in his "al-Mu'jam al saghir", reports a hadith from
'Uthman ibn Hunayf that a man repeatedly visited ‘Uthman ibn'Uthman ibn Hunayf that a man repeatedly visited ‘Uthman ibn
Affan (Allah be pleased with him) concerning something heAffan (Allah be pleased with him) concerning something he
needed, but ‘Uthman paid no attention to him or his need...needed, but ‘Uthman paid no attention to him or his need...

... The man met Ibn Hunayf and complained to him about the... The man met Ibn Hunayf and complained to him about the
matter - this being after the death (matter - this being after the death (wisalwisal) of the Prophet (Allah) of the Prophet (Allah
bless him and give him peace) and after the caliphates of Abubless him and give him peace) and after the caliphates of Abu
Bakr and Umar r.a. - so Uthman ibn Hunayf, who was one ofBakr and Umar r.a. - so Uthman ibn Hunayf, who was one of
the Companions who collected Ahadith and was learned in thethe Companions who collected Ahadith and was learned in the
religion , said to him:religion , said to him:

"Go to the place of ablution and perform ablution ("Go to the place of ablution and perform ablution (wudu’wudu’), then), then
come to the mosque, perform two rak'as of prayer therein, andcome to the mosque, perform two rak'as of prayer therein, and
say:say:

"Go to the place of ablution and perform ablution ("Go to the place of ablution and perform ablution (wudu’wudu’), then), then
come to the mosque, perform two rak'as of prayer therein, andcome to the mosque, perform two rak'as of prayer therein, and
say:say:
““O Allah! I ask You and turn to You through our ProphetO Allah! I ask You and turn to You through our Prophet
MuhammadMuhammad ‫ﷺ‬‫ﷺ‬ . the Prophet of Mercy:. the Prophet of Mercy:
O Muhammad! By you (or through you), I turn towards yourO Muhammad! By you (or through you), I turn towards your
Lord , the Most Glorious Exalted, that He grants for me myLord , the Most Glorious Exalted, that He grants for me my
request. O Allah! Grant him the intercession for me.”request. O Allah! Grant him the intercession for me.”

A DU’A CONTAINING TAWASSUL AS NARRATED BY IBN ‘ABID DUNYAA DU’A CONTAINING TAWASSUL AS NARRATED BY IBN ‘ABID DUNYA
In the book “In the book “Mujab al-Du’aMujab al-Du’a (Fulfilment of Supplications)” Ibn ‘Abid(Fulfilment of Supplications)” Ibn ‘Abid
Dunya narrates incident that occurred : Abu Hashim reported thatDunya narrates incident that occurred : Abu Hashim reported that
Katsir ibn Muhammad ibnu Katsir ibn Rifa’ah who said: A manKatsir ibn Muhammad ibnu Katsir ibn Rifa’ah who said: A man
came to Abdul Malik ibn Sa’id ibn Abjar. On seeing the man Abdulcame to Abdul Malik ibn Sa’id ibn Abjar. On seeing the man Abdul
Malik detect in him a chronic disease, whereby he taught the manMalik detect in him a chronic disease, whereby he taught the man
a Du’a.a Du’a.
Al-Hamdulillah! Allah granted a cure through this Du’a.Al-Hamdulillah! Allah granted a cure through this Du’a.

((Ref: Qa-idah JalilahRef: Qa-idah Jalilah) Ibn Taimiyyah also agree that this) Ibn Taimiyyah also agree that this Du’aDu’a
(and of similar manner) has been narrated and practiced by(and of similar manner) has been narrated and practiced by
the Muslim scholars of thethe Muslim scholars of the Salafus-soliheenSalafus-soliheen generations :generations :

““Allah, Allah, Allah, is my Robb (i.e. God, Lord, Sustainer) ,Allah, Allah, Allah, is my Robb (i.e. God, Lord, Sustainer) ,
I do not ascribe anything as partner to HimI do not ascribe anything as partner to Him..
O Allah! I am turning to You by (means of)O Allah! I am turning to You by (means of) Your prophetYour prophet
Muhammad the Prophet of Mercy.Muhammad the Prophet of Mercy.
O Muhammad!O Muhammad! Verily, by you (i.e. as myVerily, by you (i.e. as my WASILAHWASILAH) I am) I am
turning to your Robb (Lord) and (Who is also) my Robbturning to your Robb (Lord) and (Who is also) my Robb
(Lord) , that He be Merciful towards (me and relief me of)(Lord) , that He be Merciful towards (me and relief me of)
whatever afflicts me.”whatever afflicts me.”

REGARDING SOME CONTROVERSIES:REGARDING SOME CONTROVERSIES:
““Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those whoIs it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those who
take for protectors other than Allah (say): "We only servetake for protectors other than Allah (say): "We only serve
(worship) them in order that they may bring us nearer to(worship) them in order that they may bring us nearer to
Allah.”Allah.”
((Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3))

““Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due?Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those whoBut those who
take for protectors other than Allahtake for protectors other than Allah (say): "We only serve(say): "We only serve
((worshipworship) them in order that they may bring us nearer to) them in order that they may bring us nearer to
Allah.”Allah.”
((Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3))

Some Muslims, in their eagerness to reject certain TAWASSUL
practiced by other Muslims deemed by them to be SHIRK, would
invoke this verse - which in fact are directed specifically to those
who are MUSHRIKEEN as it clearly qualified with the phrase
“those who take for protectors other than Allahwho take for protectors other than Allah” as” as well as thewell as the
phrasephrase NA’BUDUHUMNA’BUDUHUM-“-“we serve or worship themwe serve or worship them””

SomeSome unashamedly teachunashamedly teach that this verse is also directed upon thosethat this verse is also directed upon those
Muslims whom they disagree with (accusing them of being similarlyMuslims whom they disagree with (accusing them of being similarly
asas SHIRKSHIRK for makingfor making TAWASSULTAWASSUL on other things which they equateon other things which they equate
like thelike the MA’BUDATMA’BUDAT of theof the KUFFARKUFFAR). Whereas the issue not the same,). Whereas the issue not the same,
and are still regarded as matters ofand are still regarded as matters of KHILAFIYAHKHILAFIYAH amongst Muslims.amongst Muslims.
Also this is an abuse and twistedAlso this is an abuse and twisted TAFSIRTAFSIR ;; a misrepresentation of thea misrepresentation of the
actual meaning in the message of al-Qur’an; maliciously imputed toactual meaning in the message of al-Qur’an; maliciously imputed to
justify act ofjustify act of TAKFIRTAKFIR (accusation of unbelief) upon fellow believers.(accusation of unbelief) upon fellow believers.

Also, we must remember that early Muslim Scholars amongst theAlso, we must remember that early Muslim Scholars amongst the
first generation understood the termfirst generation understood the term AL-WASILAHAL-WASILAH as in Allah’sas in Allah’s
command for Muslims to seek thecommand for Muslims to seek the TAWASSULTAWASSUL ((Qur’an: Maa-idah:Qur’an: Maa-idah:
5:355:35) , to be synonymous to “) , to be synonymous to “AL-QURBAH”AL-QURBAH” (meaning “(meaning “to seekto seek
nearnessnearness” to Him).” to Him).

Now, this clearly distinguish the meaning clearly that itNow, this clearly distinguish the meaning clearly that it ((Qur’an:Qur’an:
Zumar: 39: 3Zumar: 39: 3)) is referring only to theis referring only to the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN – whose– whose
MA’BUDMA’BUD is other than Allah - for to include the Muslims would beis other than Allah - for to include the Muslims would be
contradicting Allah’s command upon us to seekcontradicting Allah’s command upon us to seek WASILAHWASILAH, because, because
thethe TAWASSULTAWASSUL is indeed a “is indeed a “means to seek nearness to Allah.means to seek nearness to Allah.””
And unlike theAnd unlike the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN, Muslims know that our, Muslims know that our WASILAHWASILAH isis
not ournot our MA’BUD .MA’BUD .

Definitively, the verse indicated firstly that theseDefinitively, the verse indicated firstly that these MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN
acknowledged that they are worshipping others besides Allah.acknowledged that they are worshipping others besides Allah.
This is in the phrase : “This is in the phrase : “We only serve (We only serve (NA’BUDUNA’BUDU -- worshipworship) them”) them”
which is then followed by their justificationwhich is then followed by their justification “in order that they“in order that they
may bring us nearer to Allah”may bring us nearer to Allah” - evidently they- evidently they did not denydid not deny theirtheir
SHIRKSHIRK (in worship).(in worship).
To misinterpret the meaning and then hastily accusing fellowTo misinterpret the meaning and then hastily accusing fellow
MUSLIMSMUSLIMS by misapplying this verses towards them, is greatby misapplying this verses towards them, is great
injustice (injustice (ZULMZULM) , that has created much enmity and confusion.) , that has created much enmity and confusion.

REGARDING SOME CONTOVERSIES:REGARDING SOME CONTOVERSIES:
"And the places of worship are for Allah (alone): so invoke not"And the places of worship are for Allah (alone): so invoke not
((i.e. do not make Du’a; not to worshipi.e. do not make Du’a; not to worship) anyone along with) anyone along with
Allah;”Allah;”
((Qur’an: Jinn: 72: 18Qur’an: Jinn: 72: 18))
ANOTHER

This is another verse sometimes quoted, whereby they interpret it
literally the word “ “ to meaning “ you call ” and therefore
they opined that, no other names can be mentioned or invoked , or
be called out to, in the mosque, except that of Allah.
Whereas the DU’A here in this phrase “ “ means “worship”
not merely “call or invoke” but rather, acknowledging others as
MA’BUD whereas, Muslims always assert that none other is to be
worshipped except Allah.

Moreover every Muslim knows that DU’A (supplication) is to be directed to Allah
and our understanding of the oft-repeated verses is the same:
“Thee (alone O Allah) do we worship,
and Thine aid we seek.”
(Qur’an: al-Fatehah: 1: 5)

Furthermore, Muslims know that DU’A (supplication) is the essence of
our worship and servitude to Allah and are aware of what our Prophet
said:
“DU’A (supplication) is the marrow
of our ‘IBAADAH (worship)”
(Hadith reported by Bukhary)

Furthermore, Muslims know that DU’A (supplication) is the essence of
our worship and servitude to Allah and are aware of what our Prophet
said:
““AD-DU’AAD-DU’A (Supplication) is (itself)(Supplication) is (itself)
HUWAL-‘IBADAHHUWAL-‘IBADAH (worship, servitude).”(worship, servitude).”
((Hadith reported by TirmidziHadith reported by Tirmidzi))

HOW THE PEOPLE OF THE BOOK USESHOW THE PEOPLE OF THE BOOK USES
OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD AS AOUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD AS A
‘WASILAH’‘WASILAH’

““And when there came to them (the Jews), a Book (this Quran)And when there came to them (the Jews), a Book (this Quran)
from Allah confirming what is with them [the Taurat (Torah)from Allah confirming what is with them [the Taurat (Torah)
and the Injeel (Gospel)], although aforetime they had invokedand the Injeel (Gospel)], although aforetime they had invoked
Allah (Allah (for coming of Muhammad Peace be upon himfor coming of Muhammad Peace be upon him) in order) in order
to gain victory over those who disbelieved, then when thereto gain victory over those who disbelieved, then when there
came to them that which they had recognised, they disbelievedcame to them that which they had recognised, they disbelieved
in it. So let the Curse of Allah be on the disbelievers.”in it. So let the Curse of Allah be on the disbelievers.”

Ibnu Abbas r.a. narrated that the Jewish tribe ofIbnu Abbas r.a. narrated that the Jewish tribe of KhaybarKhaybar used to makeused to make
thisthis Du’aDu’a when the fought with neighbouring Arab tribe ofwhen the fought with neighbouring Arab tribe of GhatafanGhatafan::
“Verily we ask You (Allah) by the right (BI-HAQQI) of the Unlettered Prophet
promised to us (as prophesized in our scriptures) whom You will send at the
(AAKHIR-ZAMAN) end of time – that (by this as TAWASSUL) You (Allah) help us
against them (our enemies).”
“Tafsir Al-Qurtubiy”

“O ye who believe! when ye go abroad in the cause of
Allah, investigate carefully, and say not to anyone
who offers you a salutation (salaam): "Thou art none
of a Believer!" Coveting the perishable goods of this
life: with Allah are profits and spoils abundant.”
(Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 94)

“O ye who believe! if a wicked person comes to you with any news,
ascertain the truth, lest ye harm people unwittingly, and afterwards
become full of repentance for what ye have done.)”
(Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 6)

““And obey Allah and His Messenger; and fall into noAnd obey Allah and His Messenger; and fall into no
disputes, lest ye lose heart and your power depart; anddisputes, lest ye lose heart and your power depart; and
be patient and persevering: for Allah is with those whobe patient and persevering: for Allah is with those who
patiently persevere.”patiently persevere.”
((Qur’an: Anfal: 8: 46Qur’an: Anfal: 8: 46))

““And pursue not that of which thou hast no knowledge;And pursue not that of which thou hast no knowledge;
for every act of hearing, or of seeing or of (feeling in) willfor every act of hearing, or of seeing or of (feeling in) will
be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”
((Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36))

TO BE CONTINUEDTO BE CONTINUED --

DU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMADDU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD
ALLAA-HUM-MA - IN-NEE – A –’UU-DZU-BIKA - MIN
AN - USH-RI-KA – BI-KA – SHAY-AN – WA –ANA –
A’-LAMU, WA –AS-TAGH-FIRU-KA –
MI-NADZ—DZAM - BIL– LADZII - LAA – A’-LAM
“O Allah! I seek refuge with You from committing SHIRK i.e. associating
others with You, knowingly, and I seek Your forgiveness from the
committing of the sins (of SHIRK) which I do not know.”
(Hadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’la)

IMPORTANT DU’AIMPORTANT DU’A
ALLAA-HUM-MA – ARI-NAL-HAQ-QA - HAQ-QAN
WAR- ZUQ-NAT - TI-BAA- ’A
WA-ARI-NAL – BAA-TWILA – BAA-TWI-LAAN
WAR-ZUQ-NAJ – TI –NAA - BAH
““O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be trueO Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true
and grant us ability to follow it.and grant us ability to follow it.
And make us see Falsehood to be false andAnd make us see Falsehood to be false and
grant us the ability to reject it.”grant us the ability to reject it.”

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All welcome to visit my web-blog:All welcome to visit my web-blog:
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