Restaurant Labor Shortage and Solutions for Restaurant OwnersIn Se.docx

Restaurant Labor Shortage and
Solution
s for Restaurant Owners
In September, the United States’ unemployment rate fell to the
lowest that it has been since 1969 (Taylor, 2018). While this
signifies a strong economy, it is unsettling news for restaurant
owners. Fast-food and full-service restaurants alike are now
struggling to find and retain employees. This has created an
environment where restaurant owners are competing not only
for customers, but for employees as well. It is now more
important than ever for restaurant owners to provide
competitive wages and incentives for employees. As the
restaurant labor pool continues to decrease, it will also become
increasingly necessary to urge administration to take action on
the underlying causes of this issue.Methodology
The issue of a decreasing restaurant labor pool yields millions
of results from journalists, bloggers, and restaurant owners
online. I narrowed down these results to 6 articles written
within the past year from sources such as the New York Times,
Business Insider, and the National Restaurant Association.
These articles provided me with information that was necessary

to better understand this issue and uncover potential solutions
for restaurant owners. Background
The restaurant labor shortage is threatening the success of
restaurants throughout the United States. Toast, Inc., a
restaurant software company, surveyed a pool of 800 restaurant
owners for their restaurant industry report. This survey
indicated that 59% of successful restaurant owners and 63% of
No-Growth restaurant owners find hiring employees to be their
top challenge in 2018. This indicates that the labor shortage is
affecting all restaurants despite their level of success. This data
is reflected in the graph below.
Issues and Conclusions
Unemployment Rate and Restaurant Growth
A strained labor market and the surge of new restaurants
combined has had a significant role to play in the issue of
restaurant labor shortage. The National Restaurant Association
reports that within the next 10 years, the restaurant industry is
projected to add nearly 2 million jobs to the market (Upson,
2018). With the restaurant labor pool already strained,
restaurant owners are having to come up with different ways to
compete for employees.
In the case of a tight labor market, most businesses

automatically default to increasing their wages and offering
incentives to draw in employees. Fast-food restaurant wages
have been increasing faster than wages overall since 2014, and
companies such as Taco Bell and McDonald’s are initiating
programs to compensate their employees for college tuition
(Abrams & Gebeloff, 2018).
Many independently owned restaurants are unable to provide
increased wages and benefits due to low profit margins. These
restaurants must open their workforce to individuals that they
may not have had to consider in the past. The restaurant
workforce is now expanding to include former prisoners,
individuals with learning disabilities, and the elderly who are
still seeking employment. Restaurant owners are actively
seeking out formerly homeless individuals and recovering
addicts to recruit for their businesses as well (Steinhauer,
2018).
Restaurants which are capable of increasing wages and
providing benefits and incentives to their employees may find
this to be a useful tactic to draw in employees from their
surrounding competition. Other restaurants will have to
reconsider the criteria that their employees are required to meet
and cast out a wider net for potential employees.
It should be noted that while increasing wages seems like a
natural solution, many restaurants have found that increasing
their base pay has little correlation with their employee turnover

(Navarra, 2018). Increased wages may draw in members of the
restaurant workforce, but other factors play a part in retaining
an employee. While several of these factors are out of the
restaurant owner’s control, it is more important than it has ever
been for restaurant owners to avoid internal conflict within their
business and to be attentive of the needs of their employees.
Immigration Enforcement
Recent immigration enforcement has further strained the
restaurant workforce. Dishwashers and restaurant cooks have
historically been drawn from the foreign-born workforce
(Steinhauer, 2018). A crackdown on undocumented workers has
eliminated these individuals as an option for restaurant owners.
While the restaurant workforce is projected to increase by 14%
in the next 10 years, the U.S. born workforce in total is only
projected to increase by 10% (Meade, 2018). The restaurant
industry will be creating significantly more jobs than U.S. born
individuals are capable of filling. In attempt to address this
concern, the National Restaurant Association is urging current
administration to consider implementing a temporary-worker
visa program. This program would allow immigrants to work
year-round in the service industry under a controlled process
(Upson, 2018).
The National Restaurant Association is actively working to ease
the concerns of restaurant owners by addressing their issues at

Capitol Hill and reaching out to members of the current
administration. Supporting organizations such as the National
Restaurant Association as well as supporting the temporary-
worker visa program could be a key to resolving the restaurant
labor shortage issue in the long-term. Future Work
Restaurant owners can expect that the labor shortage will not
improve in the near future. Increasing wages and providing
incentives for potential employees may ease this strain for many
restaurant owners. Those who are unable to provide higher
wages and incentives for their employees may find it necessary
to minimize job qualifications and open their positions to a
broader spectrum of individuals. Restaurants can do this by
attending job fairs for ex-prisoners, the elderly seeking
employment, recovering addicts, etc., and providing these
individuals with the opportunity to fill their open positions.
The restaurant industry should also become more aware of the
needs of their employees. This will help to retain the employees
that they have and to potentially draw in others in search of a
healthy work environment.
Urging current administration to address the underlying causes
of the issue will be crucial as the restaurant industry continues
to grow and the conditions of this issue worsen. Supporting the
National Restaurant Association as well as the temporary-
worker visa program could be the key to solving the restaurant
labor shortage issue in the long-term.

References
Abrams, R., & Gebeloff, R. (2018, May 03). A Fast-Food
Problem: Where Have All the Teenagers Gone? Retrieved
December 2, 2018, from
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/03/upshot/fast-food-jobs-
teenagers-shortage.html
Meade, S. (2018, April 30). Immigration Reform. Retrieved
December 2, 2018, from
https://www.restaurant.org/advocacy/Immigration
Navarra, T. (2018, October 26). The 3 Most Common Reasons
For Restaurant Employee Turnover. Retrieved December 2,
2018, from https://upserve.com/restaurant-insider/3-common-
reasons-restaurant-employee-turnover/
Steinhauer, J. (2018, April 05). A Worker Shortage Is Forcing
Restaurants to Get Creative. Retrieved December 2, 2018, from
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/05/dining/labor-shortage-
restaurants-employment.html
Taylor, K. (2018, October 05). The Unemployment Rate has
Fallen to a 48-Year Low, and it's Terrifying News for Walmart,
McDonald's, and JCPenney. Retrieved December 2, 2018, from

https://www.businessinsider.com/unemployment-rate-sparks-
hiring-concerns-2018-10
Toast, Inc. (2018). Restaurant Success in 2018 Industry Report.
Retrieved December 2, 2018, from
https://pos.toasttab.com/restaurant-management/restaurant-
success-industry-report
Upson, M. (2018, January 31). Staffing Shortages in the
Restaurant Industry. Retrieved December 2, 2018, from
http://www.restaurantnuts.com/staffing-shortages-restaurant-
industry
_1605596650.xls
Chart10.590.410.630.37
Hiring is the top challenge
Hiring is not an issue
Succssful No-Growth
Hiring Concerns of Successful vs No-Growth Restaurants
Sheet1Hiring is the top challenge59%63%Hiring is not an
issue41%37%
Sheet1
Hiring is the top challenge
Hiring is not an issue
Succssful No-Growth

Hiring Concerns of Successful vs No-Growth Restaurants
Malware in a New Digital AgeIntroduction
Malware is a consistent issue in the world today. As all network
security personnel know, Malware affects many different facets
of the commercial and residential sectors. From fishing emails
to full-fledged computer Worms, Malware can be a devastating
hazard to businesses and people. This article identifies and
discusses some of the basic Malware threats and gives
suggestions for ways to prevent and combat those threats.
Research and Malware Threats
The sections below discuss a variety of Malware threats and
ways to combat and study them. These sections include:
· Types of Malware
· Ways that Malware attacks a system or network
· Ways to defend against Malware
· Analysis methods
Identifying potential threats is the most important way to
combat these malicious attacks. A network is never completely
safe from attack. However, good knowledge of network and

machine vulnerabilities can lower the risk significantly and
allows the study of known threats for more comprehensive
defense.
Types of Malware
Malware comes in many different forms. Malware can even be
grouped into categories depending on how each one interacts
with a target. Contagious threats contain viruses and worms
which spread through a network independently (Uppal et al,
2014). Masked threats are Malware such as trojan horses which
“hide” in the background and provide access to the attacker
(Uppal et al, 2014). Finally, financial threats can consist of
spyware or keyloggers. These programs send information back
to the creator after installing from an infected website or
malicious email (Uppal et al, 2014).
The Malware listed above are the most prominent at this time.
Research shows that the most used type of Malware is the
Trojan Horse at approximately 70% of intrusion (Eze et al,
2018). This versatile type of Malware is mostly used to deliver
or install other types of Malware (Uppal et al, 2014). This
shows just how dangerous Malware can be.

Malware Plan of Attack
Malware attacks happen in a variety of ways. For example, an
email arrives with a short message and a link to a website. By
clicking on the link Malware has likely been placed on the
machine. What is the intent for such an attack? This question
can be broken down further by asking: how do these attacks
affect the systems they infect?
One such attack was the WannaCry virus which infected the
British health care system, effectively crippling many hospitals
and emergency services (Debar, 2017). In the case of
WannaCry, the attacker used Malware to cause harm on massive
scale. With these important industries relying heavily on the use
of the internet, an attack such as WannaCry can cause incredible
damage.
Some attacks are much less damaging. In 2014, an intrusion was
performed to steal Bitcoin in Canada. The Canadian Bitcoin
Highjack is an example of attackers using Malware for pure
financial gain. The Bitcoin network was unaffected and
operated normally even during the attack (Dubar, 2017).
These examples show some of the ways that Malware is used to
affect the world. Some other ways include:

· Identity theft
· Bank fraud
· Blackmail
· Election tampering
With so many different forms of attack, the trouble turns
towards defense. Though many of these computer bugs have
been rendered obsolete, more and more are created toward the
benefit of the creator. By analyzing and defending against these
programs, the internet is made a safer place.
Malware Defense
Among the network security community personal awareness is
the most potent form of defense against Malware. According to
Kaspersky Lab (2018), “a combination of personal awareness
and well-designed protective tools will make your computer as
safe as it can be.” Tools such as virus protection software are
helpful in mitigating damage and vulnerability to a machine, but
those tools must be up to date to be effective.
Other layers of defense exist, but most are used primarily in the

business sector. These forms of defense require a look into the
different defensive layers available for implementation. First,
physical access to customer equipment must be managed tightly
since the easiest way to affect a network or machine is
physically accessing that machine with cables and a laptop (Eze
et al, 2018). Limiting access to these devices can greatly reduce
the likelihood of intrusion.
Next, businesses should use anti-virus software as a deterrent to
outside intrusion (Eze et al, 2018). With the use of anti-virus
software, the more common intrusion programs are identified,
quarantined, and deleted. This kind of software is unable to
guarantee 100% safety, but anti-virus programs help to mitigate
the most common forms of Malware.
Finally, proactively assessing the risks and vulnerabilities of a
system, and mitigating them, will greatly increase the security
of a network or device (Eze et al, 2018). Finding risks and
vulnerabilities is challenging since Malware becomes more
sophisticated as new exploits are discovered. Only by analyzing
the current known threats are security professionals able to
combat the ever-growing pool of Malware.
Analyzing Malware

Analyzing existing Malware increases understanding and
effectiveness of security programs and personnel. The use of
static and dynamic analysis methods provides a range of ways to
identify and combat different types of Malware (Uppal et al,
2014).
When using a static analysis method, the user “does not perform
execution code instead it checks the control and data flow of the
program to determine its characteristics (Eze et al, 2018).”
Static analysis, therefore, allows the security agent to assess
how the virus performs when executed and uses that data to
create a solution or block to the malicious program. Luckily,
security personnel have many tools in which to perform these
tasks.
A dynamic analysis program, in contrast, runs the virus code in
a secure environment to report how the Malware behaves (Eze
et al, 2018). This method allows identification of a virus’s
signature so that a counter measure is implemented. Dynamic
analysis is used to overtake the limitations of a static analysis
method, which does not run the code of a virus (Uppal et al,
2014).
With these analysis methods, millions of viruses have been
identified and counter measures implemented. Seeing no end to

malicious behavior over the internet and digital world, security
professionals must always identify and combat new threats.
Conclusion
Malware is a part of all network activity. The most prominent
forms of Malware spread by individuals failing to stay aware of
the potential threats. As network security professionals,
educating employees and advising on the risks of Malware will
help in curbing the threat of intrusion into a network.
A guaranteed secure service does not exist in the digital world
today. Someone will always find a way to slip into a network
and wreak havoc. Diligently assessing the current threats and
searching for signs of malicious software will help decrease the
impact of Malware. As stated before, personal awareness and up
to date anti-virus software will go a long way in combating
Malware attacks.
Works Cited
Debar, H. (2018, November 25). Viruses and malware: Are we
protecting ourselves adequately? Retrieved from
https://theconversation.com/viruses-and-malware-are-we-
protecting-ourselves-adequately-88375
Eze, A. O., & Chukwunonso, C. (2018). Malware Analysis and
Mitigation in Information Preservation. IOSR Journal of

Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE), 20(4), 1st ser., 53-62.
Uppal, D., Mehra, V., & Verma, V. (2014). Basic survey on
Malware Analysis, Tools and Techniques. International Journal
on Computational Science & Applications, 4(1), 103-112.
doi:10.5121/ijcsa.2014.4110
What is Malware and How to Defend Against It? (n.d.).
Retrieved from https://usa.kaspersky.com/resource-
center/preemptive-safety/what-is-malware-and-how-to-protect-
against-it
Secondary Research Topic – Continuing Education for Financial
Advisors
Continuing Education (CE) is a prevalent topic for any person
whom is a professional in the
financial field, specifically Certified Financial Planners (CFPs),
Chartered Life Underwriters
(CLUs), and Chartered Financial Consultants (ChFCs).
This topic is so prevalent because if a financial professional

does not update their knowledge
regarding their profession, how can clients know they’ve trusted
the right people with their
money? When it comes to finance, trust is the most important
dynamic between client and
professional. Clients need to have the satisfaction of knowing
they’ve trusted the right person(s).
Finance rules and regulations get updated by the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority
(FINRA) pretty consistently. Now this doesn’t mean that it’s
always new things being added for
professionals to know as it could be modifying standing rules
and regulations. Financial
professionals need to update their education constantly.
However, the current CE courses
required are completely satisfactory and need no change to

them.
Methodology
I conducted research on the internet and used personal
knowledge to better my understanding of
the process of CE for financial professionals.
The research I conducted online consisted of 4 articles written
by CFPs, lawyers, and other
financial professional designations.
My personal knowledge comes from being a financial major and
having connections to CFPs
with whom I’ve talked in depth about this topic.
Essential Background

There is a multitude of requirements for CE for each type of
financial professional. For example,
Cussen (2018) points out that CFP practitioners must complete
at least 30 hours of continuing
education every two years.
This process, in the past, was much more time-consuming than
it is today as you had to go into
actual classrooms or business rooms and learn as if you were a
student in high school or college.
These days, financial professionals can access these courses
through the FINRA website and take
the courses whenever they have time. Once a course is
completed online, the hours are reported
directly to required states or designation boards.
However, not all of it is online as Cussan (2018) states some
advisors frequently attend week-

long seminars covering specialized topics or continuing earning
new designations to provide
level of service their clients need.
Issues and Conclusions
As stated previously, CFPs must complete at least 30 hours of
CE every two years. Now to a
student who takes anywhere from 12-21+ hours of classes every
day and work a part time job,
this might seem not as tall of a task as it really is. The problem
becomes that financial
professionals will work from early in the morning to the
evening and might not always have time

for any extra work such as these classes. However, these
professionals need to make time for
these courses or else they will lose their certifications and
won’t be able to do their jobs.
Granted, this shouldn’t happen unless something completely
unforeseen occurs and requires a
professional’s constant time and attention.
There are those that disagree with me, such as Kaissar (2018)
says that advisors and brokers
should have to complete a minimum amount of undergraduate or
graduate-level course work in
finance, accounting or economics and pass a multiday
comprehensive exam. This would be
expanding the 30+ hour workload. Not only would financial
professionals have to work full time

already, but then be working as a part/full time student. These
current professionals do not have
that time. If this system were imposed on incoming financial
professionals, then sure since that’s
what finance majors are already doing. Expecting anyone whom
works full time to take a
multiday exam is not reasonable.
A financial professional should not be measured based on his
classwork but his actual work.
Why does it matter if a financial professional doesn’t have a
degree if can perform his duty to
clients and receive satisfactory outcomes? Continuing education
is there to make sure financial
professionals know what they need to know without interfering
with their jobs. If they can
perform perfectly fine with just the current continuing

education courses then there is no need to
expand the work load at all.
Closing Statement
There will be plenty of people who will disagree with what is
said here. However, the majority
of financial professionals will agree with me when I say that the
current continuing education
requirements are fine as is. If the majority was not in agreement
with me then the requirements
would have already been changed.
My call to action would be to continue doing exactly what you
are doing now. There is no reason
to change anything when financial professionals already
conduct their work in a satisfactory

manner.
References
Mark P. Cussen, CFP®, CMFC, AFC. (2018, February 21). A
Day in the Life of a Financial
Advisor. Retrieved December 4, 2018, from

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/active-
trading/072815/day-life-financial-advisor.asp
Mark P. Cussen, A. (2018). How to Keep Up With Your
Continuing Education. [online]
Investopedia. Available at:
https://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/07
/continuing-education.asp
[Accessed 4 Dec. 2018].
Nir Kaissar. (2018, April 25). Voices: What financial advisors
need to keep earning. Retrieved
from https://www.financial-planning.com/articles/why-
financial-advisors-need-to-be-held-to-a-
higher-standard

Nir Kaissar. (2018, April 25). Bloomberg - Financial advisers
need steady learning to keep
earning. Retrieved from
https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-04-
25/financial-
advisers-need-steady-learning-to-keep-earning
https://www.financial-planning.com/articles/why-financial-
advisors-need-to-be-held-to-a-higher-standard
https://www.financial-planning.com/articles/why-financial-
advisors-need-to-be-held-to-a-higher-standard
25/financial-advisers-need-steady-learning-to-keep-earning
25/financial-advisers-need-steady-learning-to-keep-earning
Making a Must-Visit
Starting Out Right
Given the healthy Texas economy and tourist market, your ice

cream and confectionary store is certainly a timely and viable
business. The question remains, how will you ensure that your
store is visible and appealing to tourists? As with all small
businesses, it is important to think strategically in your first
years to ensure that your budgetary and marketing decisions are
servicing a strong and sustainable future for your business.
After examining current literature on the subject, I have
determined that the best choices for your business are guerrilla
marketing and social media campaigns. These campaigns should
be designed to carefully maintain your business’s image to
tourists, as well as ensure the support of the local community.
Methodology
I have based my recommendations on a review of articles on the
subject of small business marketing and tourism. These articles
contained a variety of information on current and past small
business marketing campaigns and the current condition of the
tourism industry in Texas. After gathering the information, I
have composed a series of potential directions to lead a
marketing campaign given the current economic dynamics and
popular tourism trends in Texas.
Defining Guerilla Marketing
B. Barnes from the Wall Street Journal has written on the
subject of guerrilla marketing and has described the success that
can be had with guerrilla marketing campaigns. He includes
some cautionary words as well, and describes some of the

common pitfalls that new businesses can make when they
overreach or fail to plan ahead. He advises simpler tactics, such
as sample distribution. Above all, he states that the most
important things to remember in guerilla marketing are to keep
your marketing obviously associated with your business, keep
the scope manageable, and plan ahead to avoid breaking laws or
creating liabilities (Barnes, 2007).
Curating Your Image
Experience is everything in the tourist industry. Tourist
locations offer an escape for visitors by providing not only an
ideal picture of the local environment and history, but by
providing a low-pressure space for visitors to escape their
everyday identities and feel connected to their true selves
(Liping Cai, Shangzhi Qiu, Zhuowei Huang, & Xinran Lehto
2018). Now, how can you nurture this accepting, friendly image
in a customer base of thousands? One example comes quickly to
mind, and additionally, comes at a low cost. Social media is an
excellent way to keep in touch with a customer base and
maintain a brand’s image (Bandyopadhyay, 2016).
For a business such as yours I would recommend starting an
Instagram account and regularly updating it with photos of your
store and products.
Appealing to the Community
One major concern with tourist marketing efforts is the

potential alienating effect that they will have upon local
residents. Although some businesses may survive on tourist
business alone, it is important to have the year-round business
of a local customer base as well. The most compelling case that
is made in this article is the efficacy of samples as a marketing
tool. Barnes suggests the guerilla tactic of providing samples of
products to radio hosts and other such tastemakers in order to
gain new customers, (Barnes, 2007 , I advise sample
distribution to local families as well. It is important that your
samples reach demographics to whom you wish to market, and,
surely, there is no finer customer base for a candy store than
children. Fourth of July events are often anticipated community
events; building a parade float and distributing small candies
and custom parade items to children and families would be an
excellent way to establish yourself as a local hotspot.
Another way to foster community goodwill is to support other
local businesses. However, an act of community spirit needn’t
be entirely without personal benefits. The hotel industry is vital
to the tourism industry. After the disaster of Hurricane Harvey,
the restoration of hotels was a sign of the return of the tourism
in Houston (Vora, 2018). It would be wise to pursue a mutual
advertising partnership with local hotels in order to establish
your business as an institution in Texas tourism. Visibly
supporting local businesses in this way would also be useful in
establishing yourself as a community-oriented business owner.

Keeping Up With the Times
It is important to understand what modern tourists are seeking
in their Texas experience. The popularity of the television show
“Fixer-Upper” has brought a large influx of tourists to Texas
(Loudenbeck, 2018). This has also sparked a passion for DIY
and antiquing culture in tourists and Texans alike. The Texas
town of Waco has been flooded with a new stream of tourists
and established itself as a top tourist location nationwide. In
fact, Business Insider’s website reports that the number of
tourists who visit Magnolia Market annually exceeds the total
population of Waco by a significant margin (Loudenbeck,
2018).
(Loudenbeck, 2018)
In order to capitalize on this passion for the Waco spirit, it
would be best to ensure that your business represents this
popular aesthetic. A cheap way to bring country creativity and
charm to your business could be right beneath your feet.
Chalkboards are a common feature in Texas interior decorating,
and good chalk calligraphy is highly valued artistically. An
offbeat and eye-catching way to display chalk calligraphy is to
write a chalk menu on the sidewalk in front of your store to
display your daily specials and new candy arrivals. Hicks

suggests that detailed pieces of art appeal more to families than
graffiti-style advertisements (Hicks, 2009). A low-cost way to
widely distribute chalk art associated with your business would
be to host chalk art contests on social media. Barnes warns
about the danger of keeping your marketing efforts too far from
your brand and thus diluting your advertising’s effect (Barnes,
2007). To ensure that your contest will remain strongly related
to your business, bring candy to the forefront of the contests.
Make the design prompts for the contests candy themed, and
offer prizes of candy baskets or ice cream vouchers in lieu of
cash.
To ensure that these contests maximize the advertising potential
for your business, require contest entries to be publicly posted
on social media, and ask that entries include your hashtag or
username written in chalk by the art to be submitted. This has
the added benefit of appealing to children and families.
For chalk displays in front of your business, be aware that chalk
pictures in front of businesses are not legal in every location
and may in some regions conflict with vandalism laws (Hicks,
2009). It is important to check your local laws beforehand to
ensure that no fines will be incurred by your publicity efforts.
Next Steps
Establishing yourself as a tourist location can be difficult. But,
if you keep your marketing scope manageable, your image
current, your social media presence well-planned and curated,

you will be able to spread the word far and wide that your shop
is the place to go for an atmosphere of light-hearted fun and
true Texas heart. If you can also show strong support for and
presence in your local community, it will help you capture the
spirit of Texas and make you a must-visit location in the Lone
Star State.
Sources:
Bandyopadhyay, S. (2016). How a Cost-Effective Social Media
Plan Can Make a Difference for Small Businesses. Journal of
the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences, 19, 1–12.
Retrieved from
https://libproxy.library.unt.edu:9443/login?url=http://search.ebs
cohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=126033093&s
cope=site
Barnes, B. (2007, Apr 30). Small business (A special report); it
seemed like a good idea... guerrilla marketing is a great way for
a small business to get attention; but it's a tactic that can easily
backfire. Wall Street Journal Retrieved from
https://libproxy.library.unt.edu/login?url=https://libproxy.librar
y.unt.edu:2165/docview/398994030?accountid=7113
Hicks, M. (2009). Horizontal billboards: The commercialization
of the pavement. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural
Studies, 23(6), 765–780.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10304310903294788
Liping Cai, Shangzhi Qiu, Zhuowei Huang, & Xinran Lehto.

(2018). Back-to-trueself as an Identity Element of Indiana Rural
Tourism. Journal of Rural & Community Development, 13(3),
78–91. Retrieved from
https://libproxy.library.unt.edu:9443/login?url=http://search.ebs
cohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=132405501&s
cope=site
Loudenback, T. (2018, April 03). Millions of tourists are
flocking to Waco, Texas, to see 'Fixer Upper' stars Chip and
Joanna Gaines' small hometown - here are all the best things to
do there. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/hgtv-
chip-and-joanna-gaines-made-waco-texas-top-travel-
destination-2018-1#on-the-magnolia-market-website-there-are-
tips-for-making-the-most-of-your-visit-to-the-silos-tip-no-1-
the-silos-are-busiest-during-lunch-hours-so-come-early-or-late-
in-the-day-the-market-is-open-from-9-am-to-6-pm-and-closed-
sundays-3
Vora, Shivani. (2018, September 9). Tourism Making a
Comeback in Houston. The New York Times Retrieved from
http://libproxy.library.unt.edu:2136/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=News
&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=MultiTab
&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm¤tPosition=1&docId=GALE
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Will the campaign be effective?

1
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The Scope of Waco Tourism
Sheet1Local Population of Waco134,400Annual Tourist Count
At Magnolia Market1,600,000
Sheet1
Waco, Texas
Requirements for Secondary Research Project
Learning Objectives
and Project Overview
In this project, you'll do secondary research to "find out what
the experts
say" about a workplace problem or challenge. Then you'll apply
the

Spence Method as you synthesize information from various
sources to
write compelling and richly detailed article for your readers.
The subject
matter will be one of the issues that you wrote about in your
Client
Interview Article.
The audience will be either the client you interviewed or people
in the
same job role as the interviewee.
This project includes these assignments:
• Project Proposal Pitch (Due Week 3)
• Synthesis Matrix (Due Week 4)
• Research Report – preliminary draft (Due Week 4) and final
draft) (Due Week 5)
Requirements for
Project Proposal Pitch
Write a 300-word pitch to the instructor discussing the specific
topic you

will write about and the specific reader (client or job role) that
you will
address. Explain why this topic is important and relevant to this
audience
at this time.
To provide the instructor with insight into the timeliness of this
issue,
include a 100-word summary of an article that was published
about this
topic within the past 3 years.
Topic for Your
Research Report
Choose a timely and specific problem or challenge facing
people in the
same job role as the interviewee for your Client Interview. The
topic
must be specific and actionable, not a broad subject such as
"leadership"
or "fundraising" but a specific problem or challenge faced by
people in
that job role.

The paper must explain the problem or challenge and must offer
specific
solutions that are actionable by the reader. The paper must not
merely
explore the topic or present solutions that are outside the scope
of the
person's job role ("the government should...," "society will has
to
change...," "universities need to offer...," or "technology needs
to be
developed...").
The best reports will present information from current articles,
webinars,
and conference presentations intended for people in this job role
or
industry.
Audience for Your
Researched Report
Your document must address people in a specific job role, such
as

"biomedical engineer" or "technical writer," not "the general
public," not
"government officials," not "professors and students").
Purpose of Your
Researched Report
The reader is looking for information and advice about this
topic. Your
position statement will be something like "people in ________
(specific
job role) can address the problem of ________ by ________
(doing
what?)."
Word Count
Suggestion for
Researched Report
1,000 to 1,200 words
Structure and Content
for Your Researched
Report

Include these elements (as described in the Spence book):
* Opening Statement: Introduce the subject and conveys its
importance to
people in this field, its timeliness now, and your Position
* Methodology: Briefly describe your methods for conducting
your
secondary research, including how you selected your sources &
why they
are credible.
* Essential Background (optional): Provide definitions of terms,
if
needed, and any historical information or other background
information
that readers need to understand the topic and why it's especially
important now
* Issues and Conclusions: Develop and support your position,
presenting
information from your research and explaining its relevance.
Include at
least one paragraph that addresses a likely objection to your
recommendations.
* Closing statement/call to action: A short discussion of next
steps
Required Sources for

Your Researched
Report
Support your position by using information from at least 4
sources that
were published since 2010 and have named authors.
* Institutional authors are OK if they are highly credible to your
intended
audience.
* If you wish, you also can use additional sources that are older
or that do
not have named authors. Older sources can be useful for theory,
past
practices, or essential background.
* You can use articles, books, videos, webinars, etc., from
academic or
professional sources. To determine the credibility of sources,
search the
Internet to determine the credentials of the author(s) relevant to
this
subject.
* Source articles need to be relevant to your topic but do not
necessarily
have to be written for the same audience that you are writing for

in your
paper.
* Your paper must include a Works Cited List with proper APA
citations
for all sources that you use.
* To earn more than a 0 on this paper, you must properly use
sources,
and properly cite everything that comes from a source. Follow
the best
practice of paraphrasing and synthesizing information rather
than
stringing together quotes. Review the syllabus for information
about
academic integrity and plagiarism.
Format for
Researched Report
The report will be created in Word using a design that conveys
professionalism. The text will be a readable size. Headings,
sub-
headings, figure captions, bullets, tables, etc., will be used to

ensure a
readable and professional design. The Works Cited list will be
properly
formatted.
Grading Criteria for
Researched Report
Purpose/Audience: Everything in the report supports the
purpose stated
in the intro, and it is consistent with the assignment scenario.
For full
points, it consistently focuses on a clearly stated position and
the purpose
of helping people in the specified job role to understand and use
this
information.
Development/Support: Descriptive details, examples,
explanations, etc.,
are used to develop the information and the recommendations;
there is no
redundant or extraneous information. For full points, the
document is full

of attention-getting and memorable details and as a result is
useful,
relevant, and actionable. It meets all requirements for sources,
which are
synthesized and properly cited. There is as good balance of
source
material and the writer's own interpretations and
recommendations. The
writer generally follows the best practice of paraphrasing
sources rather
than stringing together quotes.
Organization/Format: The report follows the required structure.
It
presents the content in well-structured paragraphs and uses
transitional
phrases to create smooth flow. For full points, it presents
information in a
manner that makes it easy for the reader to find, use, and
understand the
information.
Professional Ethos: The tone is conversational yet professional

and
serious. The language is characterized by active voice, concise
sentences, and correct grammar/spelling/word choice. There are
no $20
words and phrases and no wordiness. For full points, the report
conveys
the information with a strong sense of professionalism and
accountability.
Graded Components
of this Project
Synthesis Matrix for 3 articles
Project Proposal Pitch
Researched Article Preliminary Draft
Researched Article Final Draft

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