1. CHAPTER
THREE
PAGES 35-36
GRAMMAR NOTES

2. Use will or going to to say what
you think will happen in the
future.
1.

3. Examples:
I think I’ll enjoy the trip.
OR
I think I’m going to enjoy the trip.
1.

4. Your textbook makes a distinction
between the “will” future and the
“going to” future.
Feel free to study the note on page
35, but the difference between “will”
and “going to” is not a very
important thing to worry about.
1.

5. Use will be/going to be + base
form + -ing to describe an action
that will be in progress at a
certain time in the future.
2.

6. Example:
We’ll be visiting Florence on our
Italy trip.
We’re going to be spending time
in Rome too.
2.

7. You can use the simple present to
talk about a future action, state
or event that is part of a schedule
or timetable.
3.

8. Examples:
We leave on Saturday at 8:00
p.m.
The plane arrives in Rome at
8:30 a.m.
3.

9. You can use the present perfect
progressive ( = present perfect
continuouus) to talk about a
future action or event that has
already been arranged.
4.

10. For example:
We’re traveling to Japan in
August. We already have our
tickets.
4.

11. In a complex sentence that takes
place in the future, use future
tense in the independent clause
and simple present tense in the
dependent clause:
5.

12. For example:
We’ll rent a car when we get to Italy.
Incorrect:
**We’ll rent a car when we will get
to Italy.
5.

13. For example:
We’ll rent leave for the airport as
soon as the taxi gets here.
Incorrect:
** We’ll rent leave for the airport as
soon as the taxi will get here.
5.

14. Use the future perfect to show an
action, state or event that will
happen before a certain time in
the future.
6.

15. For example:
By the end of our trip, we’ll have
seen a lot of wonderful things..
6.

16. You can also use the future
perfect in the progressive:
6.

17. For example:
By the end of the summer, we’ll
have been traveling for several
weeks.
6.

18. NOTE: We often use the future
perfect with by and by the time:
6.

19. For example:
By the time we finish our trip,
we’ll have visited 10 countries.
6.