PABRA Seed systems: Delivering the right product with right processes to the right users
1. PABRA Seed systems: Delivering the right product with right processes to the right users Jean Claude Rubyogo PABRA Seed System Specialist [email_address]
10. 2003 2013 24.0 M 7.5 M 0 a Households reached 13 a 2008 b Target and step wise REU (2003-8, 2009 - 13) Years 16.5 million From 35,000,000 to 82,500,000 farmers/families
11. How crop breeding/pollination pattern affect the seed demands for regular fresh seeds Crop Breeding pattern /propagation Variety deterioration Loss of desirable traits Carry over diseases Commercial interest Maize Hybrid High Easy with recessive genes Low High Maize Open pollinated varieties Medium Low Low Medium Beans Self pollinated Low Low Medium Medium Cassava Vegetative Low Low High Low
12. 1 2 3 4 Certified seeds (large and small packs) using market and non market channels Farmers Quality seeds by local seed producers (individual or groups –supported by Development partners (GOs, NGOs-CBOs etc) Basic Seed 2 (Private Seed producers) Basic seeds 1 (NARS/Private sector ) Breeder seeds (NARS) Farmers 5 Traders Integrated Seed System for wider impact
29. Bean yield (kg/ha) of different bean varieties in Southern Ethiopia using ICM (Unit Plot SIZE 100 m 2 ) in 2010 Variety Maximum yield (kg/ha) Minimum (kg/ha) Average (n=45) Hawassa Dume 4600 1300 2770 Nassir 3400 1200 2080 Dimtu 3000 900 1728 Ibado 2800 900 1557 Omo 95 2500 700 1471
30. Seed System -Monitoring + Evaluation: Variables for Compare/Contrast Cost to implem. Cost to enduser Scale Speed Type of farmer reached Acc. Info. Marketing Farmer to farmer CBSS/Farmers Small packs through agro-input suppliers Small packs through health/Nutrition Clinics Women’s Groups
37. Amount of seeds commercial/quality seeds produced (t) and seed access in 2010/11 in some PABRA Countries Country Amount (t) Number of Households accessed seeds Female Male DRC-East 601.50 158,645 55,470 Ethiopia 1111.34 42,713 128,140 Kenya 237.80 213,425 168,635 Rwanda 551.2 42,713 128,140 Southern Tanzania 133.8 64,188 27.509
38. Bean Area Trend (000 ha) between 2002-6 in some countries Country Area under bean in 000 ha Change (0/0) (06/02*100) 2002 2008 Ethiopia 181 241 131.0 Tanzania 370 380 102.0 Uganda 765 849 110.9 (increasing)
39. Bean Production Trends (000 tons) between 2002-6 in some countries FAO (2008) FAO STAT- Data Country Production Change (0/0) (06/02*100) 2002 2006 Ethiopia 117.5 176 150.4 Tanzania 270 290 107.0 Uganda 535 424 79.2 (declining)
40. Bean Yield Trend of beans (kg/ha ha) between 2002-6 in some countries FAO (2008) FAO STAT- Data Country Bean yield trend (kg/ha) Change (0/0) (06/02*100) 2002 2006 Ethiopia 490 730.2 149.0 Tanzania 729.7 763.1 104.5 Uganda 699.3 499.41 71.4 (declining )
44. Methodology for developing farmer seed enterprises Establish demand for seed Seasonal planning and production Train seed producers Identify seed producers Stakeholder meetings Establish 2nd order associations Market assessment by seed producers Training Planning Capacity building
(ADD NOTES) The pollination/propagation pattern which is linking to next crop generation affect the seed business/ demands For instance Hybrid maize which deteriorates/looses hybrid (genetic quality) will push farmers (able) to buy fresh seeds while OPV (Open pollinated varieties) maize which has less genetic quality deterioration will be less demanded than Hybrid. Once farmers acquire them OPVs they can recycle seeds without economic losses for a certain period. The regular demand of fresh seeds shrinks further when the crop is self pollinated or vegetatively propagated (keeps its original genetic materials). Unless there is a disease outbreak which requires a replacement of the genotypes/clones e.g. Cassava Mosaic Virus . For instance, some farmers have used some varieties of beans as long as 30 years and they are still satisfied (GLP 92 –Mwetemania in Kenya)
Diversification of seeds outlets channels both local and formal depending of the context and clients conditions
Sustainable (business opportunity Equitable and relatively well distributed (368 338 households Efficient systems One example of