1. How to Assess the Sustainability
of Products?
C. Mock-Knoblauch, BASF SE
28.9.2009

2. Sustainable Development is based on
three Pill
th Pillars
How to measure the
Society sustainability performance
of a good or service?
 holistic
Ecology  scientific, objective
 cost effective
Economy  decision oriented
=> BASF’s eco-efficiency analysis

3. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA):
From cradle to grave
Output
Production
P d ti Use
U Disposal
Di l
Products
intermediates Landfill
Extraction f
E t ti of
raw materials
Incineration
Energy production
Input

4. Sustainability assessment
of Biodiesel
f Bi di l
State f th
St t of the art:
t
 Although biodiesel is made from renewable raw materials, the environmental
advantages are small
g
 The production of biodiesel is more expensive than that of conventional fossil
diesel (excl. taxes and subsidies)
 However, biodiesel production creates jobs in the agriculture sector.
customer benefit alternatives
Use of a conventional •RME (biodiesel)
diesel car
(driving distance
200.000 km) )
•conventional diesel

5. Weighting and aggregation of
environmental categories
i t l t i
Energy use Resource cons. Land use
20% 20% 10%
Risk potential Toxicity potential Emissions
10% 20% 20%

6. Ecological Fingerprint
energy consumption
1,00
0,50
Use of a area use emissions
conventional
0,00
diesel car
(driving
distance
200.000 km)
raw material eco-toxicity
consumption potential
biodiesel
bi di l diesel
di l
1 worst alternative

7. Fuel Production Costs
(Excluding T
(E l di Taxes) )
0,900
Verteilungskosten
Distribution
0,700
fixe Fertigungskosten
Fix production costs
0,500 Gutschrift Glycerin
Credit glycerine
€/Liter
Transesterif. costs
Umesterungskosten
0,300 Credit rape grist
Gutschrift Rapsschrot
Rape oil production
Rapsölgewinnung
0,100
Fert. & crop protection
Düngung +PSM
Soil Working
Bodenbearbeitung
-0,100
Crude costs
Rohölkosten
-0,300
Diesel Biodiesel Assumption: 55 US$/barrel

8. Eco-Efficiency Portfolio
Assumption: 55 US$/barrel / 92 US$/barrel
0,2
alized)
High eco-efficiency
pact (norma
• Eco-efficiency of
biodiesel compared to
diesel is strongly
nmental imp
Use of a 1,0 dependent on oil price
conventional •The Break Even for
diesel car biodiesel to have the
Environ
same eco-efficiency as
ffi i
(driving diesel is at an oil price
distance of approximately 85
200.000 km) Low eco-efficiency
US$/barrel
1,8
18
1,8 1,0 0,2
Costs (normalized)
biodiesel diesel

9. Eco-Efficiency Analysis
Standard Diaper versus Fl ff Reduced
St d d Di Fluff R d d
Diaper
The market driven trend within the diaper industry is towards
thinner, fluff reduced diapers
... what impact does this have on the overall sustainability?
Full eco-efficiency analysis Only Carbon Dioxide (Model)
0,8
0,8
alized)
orm.)
mental impact (no
Environme (norma
standard diaper
fluff reduced diaper
1,0 1,0
ent
environm
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,0 0,8 1,2 1,0 0,8
costs (norm.)
Costs (normalized)