Word to word association is another method used for personality testing and psychometric .Other methods are Sentence making and sentence completion.
SSB is likely to employ this in future instead of Sentence making presently in vogue.
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Word to word association
1. Word to Word Association
By
Col Mukteshwar Prasad(Retd)
2. Word Association Lookup
The project «Word Associations Network» gives you an opportunity to lookup
associations with a given word.
Word associations arise in the human’s mind when reading or saying a word, or just thinking
about the word.
For better usability each word is accompanied by the explanatory articles
from WordNet lexical database.
The Description of the Project
"Word Associations Network" is inherently an ideographic dictionary or
thesaurus.
The project consists of three basic components:
an associative dictionary,
an explanatory dictionary, and
a picture dictionary.
The associative dictionary, the dictionary of associations, or analogical dictionary
groups the words of the language by psychological perception, sense and
meaning.
The explanatory dictionary provides lexical meaning for every word.
This dictionary often provides examples on the usage of a word. Picture vocabulary
or visual dictionary contains graphic illustrations that depict the meaning of words.
3. The Definition of Word
Association
Association is one of the basic mechanisms of memory.
They can be called natural classifiers of the conceptual content
of the vocabulary of the language.
Ideas and concepts, which are available to the memory of a
man are related.
This relationship is based on the past experience of a man and,
in the final analysis, more or less accurately reproduces
objectively existing relationship between the phenomena of the
real world.
Under certain conditions, a revival of one idea or concept is
accompanied by a revival of others ideas correlated with it.
This phenomenon is called the association (a term proposed in
the XVIII century by Locke).
Based on the book V. V. Morkovkin «Ideographic Dictionaries»
(1970)
4. Classification of Associations
Since Aristotle the people distinguish association by similarity, contrast and
contiguity.
Association by similarity is based on the fact that the associated
phenomena have some common features.
It represents a result of generalization of the conditioned connection in which similar stimuli
evoke similar reactions (for example, excitement of synonymic series with actualization of
one of the synonyms: woe - unhappiness, sorrow, grief, sadness, and so on).
Origin of Association by contrast is explained by the presence in
phenomena of opposite features.
The physiological nature of the association by contrast is in the "mutual induction of neural
processes when strong stimuli ... cause great excitement in the beginning, and then
successive inhibition in the same regions of the cerebral cortex. As a result, in the
future one of the contrasting stimuli can cause immediately after it something that was
caused before by another stimulus (contrast with given one)" (for example, the
phenomenon of antonyms: grief - joy, happiness – unhappiness, and so on).
Association by contiguity comes into existence when events are situated
close together in time or space.
Currently, the three mentioned types of associations are classified as simple
or mechanical.
5. The Role of Association
Since the associations reflect some significant relations between objects and
phenomena of the real world, and thus between the concepts, it is
reasonable to conclude that they play an important role in the structure of the
lexical system of the language.
This was pointed out as long ago as by N.V. Krushevskiy: "Every word is
linked to other words by ties of association by similarity; this similarity
will not be only external, i.e. sound or structural, morphological, but
also internal, semasiological. Or in other words: every word is capable,
due to a special mental law, to bring in our mind other words with which
it is similar, and is excited by these words ..."
6. Classification of Associations
Along with them, more complex semantic association is distinguished.
This is, in particular,
the association reflecting generic and cause-and-effect relationship between the objects of
the world (for example, a flower - a rose, a disease - death, and so on).
Based on the book V. V. Morkovkin «Ideographic Dictionaries» (1970)
The Role of Associations
Since the associations reflect some significant relations between objects and
phenomena of the real world, and thus between the concepts, it is
reasonable to conclude that they play an important role in the structure of the
lexical system of the language. This was pointed out as long ago as by N.V.
Krushevskiy: "Every word is linked to other words by ties of association by
similarity; this similarity will not be only external, i.e. sound or structural,
morphological, but also internal, semasiological. Or in other words: every
word is capable, due to a special mental law, to bring in our mind other words
with which it is similar, and is excited by these words ..."
7. LOVE(Dictionary Definition)
LOVE, noun. A strong positive emotion of regard and affection; "his love for his work";
"children need a lot of love".
LOVE, noun. Any object of warm affection or devotion; "the theater was her first love";
"he has a passion for cock fighting";.
LOVE, noun. A beloved person; used as terms of endearment.
LOVE, noun. A deep feeling of sexual desire and attraction; "their love left them
indifferent to their surroundings"; "she was his first love".
LOVE, noun. A score of zero in tennis or squash; "it was 40 love".
LOVE, noun. Sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse) between two
people; "his lovemaking disgusted her"; "he hadn't had any love in months"; "he has a
very complicated love life".
LOVE, verb. Have a great affection or liking for; "I love French food"; "She loves her
boss and works hard for him".
LOVE, verb. Get pleasure from; "I love cooking".
LOVE, verb. Be enamored or in love with; "She loves her husband deeply".
LOVE, verb. Have sexual intercourse with; "This student sleeps with everyone in her
dorm"; "Adam knew Eve"; "Were you ever intimate with this man?".
Wise words
Hope is the word which God has written on the brow of every man.
9. Dream(Dictionary Definition)
DREAM, noun. A series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep; "I had
a dream about you last night".
DREAM, noun. Imaginative thoughts indulged in while awake; "he lives in a dream
that has nothing to do with reality".
DREAM, noun. A cherished desire; "his ambition is to own his own business".
DREAM, noun. A fantastic but vain hope (from fantasies induced by the opium pipe);
"I have this pipe dream about being emperor of the universe".
DREAM, noun. A state of mind characterized by abstraction and release from reality;
"he went about his work as if in a dream".
DREAM, noun. Someone or something wonderful; "this dessert is a dream".
DREAM, verb. Have a daydream; indulge in a fantasy.
DREAM, verb. Experience while sleeping; "She claims to never dream"; "He dreamt a
strange scene".
Wise words
Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the
manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied.
Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation.
Noam Chomsky