This Presentation was originally given on February 2009, by JP Kenny. This company, today, is known as Wood Group Kenny. said presentation was given at the Underwater Intervention conference, and it excels in explaining what exactly is in the works, in terms of subsea technology, and where said technology is headed.
Global Perspective on the Future of Subsea Technology
1. A Global Perspective on the Future of
Subsea Technology – SUT Subsea Technical
Conference
February 2009
2. Agenda
• Future Demand
• What Environment Are We Working In
• Current Status Of Subsea Developments
• Subsea Systems Update
• Engineering Developments
• Message To The Industry
3. Energy Resource Update
• The IEA warn that reserves will need to be exploited faster than at
present if an energy ‘Crunch’ is to be avoided in the future
• $1 Trillion needs to be invested annually up to 2030
• Even if demand remains flat until 2030, an additional 45 mbl/day
needed to offset the effect of oilfield decline
4. Current Environment
• Enhanced Environment and Safety Performance
• Large Demand in SE Asia for Oil & Gas
• Driven to Deeper Waters – 1000m+
• Hostile Environments
• Innovative Engineering Solutions
• Gradual Elimination of Surface Facilities
• Enhanced Recovery
• Remote Field Management
• Total Acceptance of Subsea Solutions
5. Current Status of Subsea Developments
• Deepwater to 2500m +
• 15K systems in operation
• One major Operator has gone from <10 subsea projects in the
90’s to a projected 50 in 2013
• Tie back distances already exceed 100 km
• Subsea Processing
– Multiphase Pumping now accepted technology
– Compression by 2010 – Ormen Lange + others proposed
– Separation/Boosting/WI – Tordis 2007
– RWI – Tryihans, Columba, Albacora
• Risers –SCR’s, Flexibles, Towers
• Subsea Wells – Worldwide
– Operational - >3400
– Under development - >600
6. SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Why Do We Need Subsea Processing?
• Oil & gas fields being discovered in deeper, more remote places
• Fields further away from host facilities or shore
• Increased recovery factors
• Improved flowrates
• Improved flow assurance
• Potential cost savings over use of conventional technology, eg
second pipeline
• Improved project economics
8. • Access to difficult reserves
• Accelerated production
• Improved flow assurance
• Reduced capex and opex
• Improved reservoir recovery
• Shorter time to first oil
TECHNOLOGY DRIVERS ……
9. • Maturity / Limits of technology ?
• Demonstration of reliability ?
• Sufficient priority and focus ?
• Business risk ?
• Mental barriers – perceptions ?
• Long field life
………AND CHALLENGES TO BE RESOLVED
11. System Development
• Multiphase Pump
• Injection Pump
• Gas Compressor
• Integrated Prod. Umbilical
• Separators – Compact / Downhole
• Power Distribution & Power Connector Technology
• All Electric Products
• Multiphase Pumping System
• Raw Water Injection System
• Subsea Separation System
• Subsea Cooling or Heating System
• All Electric Systems
FOCUS AREAS
Equipment Development
2000 2005 2010 2012
12. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
MULTI PHASE PUMP
Application:
• Well stream energy enhancement
Advantages:
• Drawdown of wellhead pressure
• Increased production rates
• Increase reservoir recovery
• Increased tie-back distance
• Separated liquids evacuation
Status:
• Helico-axial pumps in operation subsea
• Twinscrew pumps qualified – pilot subsea application 2005
13. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
INJECTION PUMP
Application
• Water injection pressure boosting
Advantages
• Increased injection rates
• Increased tie-back distance
• Ability to inject produced water or sea water
subsea
Status
• Pump designs well proven topside
• Critical parts qualified in MPP programme
• Detail design of production version complete
14. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
SUBSEA GAS COMPRESSOR
Application:
• Subsea gas compression
Advantages:
• Drawdown of wellhead pressure
• Increased production rates
• Increase reservoir recovery
• Increased tie-back distance
• Separated gas evacuation
• High tolerance for liquid droplets
Status:
• In development by various specialist
companies
15. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
COMPACT SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY
Application:
• Compact gas, oil and water 2 or 3 phase
separation
Advantages:
• Small size and weight
Status:
• Separation performance qualified
topside
• Gas/Liquid 2 phase unit in operation
offshore
• Concept design for subsea unit
complete
16. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
COMPACT ELECTROSTATIC COALESCER
Application:
• Removal of water from oil after separation
Advantages:
• Small size and weight
• Oil polishing to 0.5% water in oil
Status:
• Topside pilot unit on Petrojarl FPSO
• Design for subsea unit complete
• Subsea equipment components
qualified
• Next step subsea pilot testing
17. HSP
Power
Fluid
X-over
Injection Zone
Oil to
surface
Production Zone
H-Sep
Application:
• Remove water from well stream
and re-inject into reservoir
Advantages:
• Improvement on production rate
• Improves reservoir recovery
• Produces export-quality oil
• Good quality injection water
Status:
• Land base testing complete
• Offshore pilot testing next step
DOWNHOLE SEPARATION
SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
18. SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
INTEGRATED PRODUCTION UMBILICAL
Application:
• Integrated flowline, control umbilical and
power cable
Advantages:
• Simplified subsea architecture
• Cheaper faster installation
• Can be used as production flowline or
service line
• Trace heating and monitoring possible
Status:
• 8 and 10 inch prototype test completed
• Next step 10 inch IPU system test
Disadvantages – installation vessel size /
jointing of superduplex offshore
19. SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Subsea Power Distribution
Electric - Ability to handle the power requirements
of a subsea processing system, particularly subsea
pumps
More efficient than hydraulic, particularly over
longer distances due to hydraulic losses. However
AC systems become inefficient on long step outs
and may drive to DC systems or subsea power
generation technology.
Hydraulic - Able to utilise existing water injection
system
Simpler system
May compromise water injection system
Limited distances
20. System Development
• Multiphase Pump
• Injection Pump
• Gas Compressor
• Integrated Prod. Umbilical
• Compact Separator
• Downhole Separator
• Power Distribution System
• Multiphase Pumping System
• Raw Water Injection System
• Subsea Separation System
• Subsea Cooling or Heating System
FOCUS AREAS - SYSTEMS
Equipment Development
2000 2005 2010
21. FOCUS AREAS - SYSTEMS
System Development
• Multiphase Pump
• Injection Pump
• Gas Compressor
• Integrated Prod. Umbilical
• Compact Separator
• Compact Coalescer
• Downhole Separator
• Multiphase Pumping System
• Raw Water Injection System
• Subsea Separation System
Equipment Development
2000 2005 2010MULTI PHASE PUMPING SYSTEM
• IPU functionality
• Production pipe
• Power supply and
umbilical functions
• Heating for hydrate
mitigation for
production and shut-
down
• IPU functionality
• Production pipe
• Power supply and
umbilical functions
• Heating for hydrate
mitigation for
production and shut-
down
• Pump functionality
• Well stream pressure boosting
• Optimization of gas lift in artificially lifted wells
• Pump functionality
• Well stream pressure boosting
• Optimization of gas lift in artificially lifted wells
Subsea Production
Trees
Subsea Production
Trees
22. SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEM
System Development
• Multiphase Pump
• Injection Pump
• Gas Compressor
• Integrated Prod. Umbilical
• Compact Separator
• Compact Coalescer
• Downhole Separator
• Multiphase Pumping System
• Raw Water Injection System
• Subsea Separation System
Equipment Development
2000 2005 2010RAW SEAWATER INJECTION SYSTEM
• Injection Pump and Filter System functionality
• Filtering raw water to injection quality
• Water injection for pressure maintenance
• Injection Pump and Filter System functionality
• Filtering raw water to injection quality
• Water injection for pressure maintenance
Water Injection TreeWater Injection Tree
Power, Control & Chemical
Injection Umbilical
Power, Control & Chemical
Injection Umbilical
23. SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEM
SUBSEA SEPARATION SYSTEM
• Separation System
functionality
• 2 or 3 phase separation of
wellstream
• Increase production
• Increase reservoir
recovery
• Improve flow assurance
• Debottleneck flowlines,
riser and topside systems.
• Re-inject produced water
• Separation System
functionality
• 2 or 3 phase separation of
wellstream
• Increase production
• Increase reservoir
recovery
• Improve flow assurance
• Debottleneck flowlines,
riser and topside systems.
• Re-inject produced water
Gas CompressorGas Compressor
SeparatorSeparator
Water Injection
Trees
Water Injection
Trees
Oil and Gas Export
Lines
Oil and Gas Export
Lines
Power and Control
Umbilicals
Power and Control
Umbilicals
Subsea Production
Trees
Subsea Production
Trees
Booster PumpBooster Pump
24. SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Subsea Cooling and Heating
Can provide an effective
mitigation against
hydrates and wax by
increasing cooldown time
Can provide a solution to
upheaval buckling
concerns
Able to utilise certain
flowline materials, e.g.
flexible lines and certain
insulation coatings, which
have a lower design
temperature threshold
25. Geological Surveys
• 3D Software Fledermaus
• Pipeline Routing
• Integrate with ABAQUS
• Significant Financial Savings
28. MESSAGE
• The subsea industry has met its challenges over the years with some
catastrophes but many successes
• Considerable R&D spend on subsea technology
• Greater emphasis on testing before full field implementation
• Reliability Standards being set – Structured Approach
• Incorporation of lessons learnt
• Improve Quality Management to ensure second and third tier suppliers
testing / documentation traceability is visible
• Standardisation is key to cost containment and reliability
• Programme approach bring major benefits in schedule & cost
• December 2007 – the worlds first seabed separation facility installed on
Tordis
Subsea Systems Will Facilitate Australia’s Development Of Its Oil
& Gas Reserves
29. Remember – this is not rocket science –
It’s much harder than that!
MESSAGE
Notes de l'éditeur
Where do we stand today with falling demand due to recession?
FIRST WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND THE CURRENT ENVIRONMENT. MR ROWLEY HAS EXPLAINED THE MARKET AND THE LARGE DEMAND FOR OIL AND GAS
THE LARGE DEMAND IN O&G IS DRIVING OPERATORS TO DEEPER WATERS. PROJECTS IN THE REGION OR IN THE 1000M PLUS RANGE.
NOC’S HAVE 80% OF RESERVES. IOC’S HAVE 20% AND ARE NEEDING TO FIND LARGE RESERVOIRS
THIS PRESENTATION GIVES AN OVERVIEW OF WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE SUBSEA INDUSTRY
SNOVHIT 160KM
ORMEN LANGE 180KM
TARGET DISTANCES
OIL 200KM
HEAVY OIL 100KM
GAS 600KM
OVER 140 PROSPECTS IN NEXT 10 YEARS ARE HPH1
15K/35F – 09
20K/350F – 2012-13
25-30K/400F – 2014/16
ASSOCIATED TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPMENT
LARGE BORE CONNECTORS
LARGE BORE WELLS OF TREES
&lt;number&gt;
RECOVERY LIGHT WELL INTERVENTION
Subsea processing systems have been in existence for over 30 years and are now becoming more acceptable to operators
&gt;$5 billion expected to be spent over next decade
Trend towards subsea multiphase pumps (over 10 installed) rather than subsea separators (2 installed)
System availability improved - now industry average (up to 98%)
Multiphase pumps now considered robust technology and field proven
Importance of rigorous test programme – as illustrated by Troll Pilot project
JIPs play an important part of developing this technology
Norway leads the world in this area of technology with 3 of the 5 leading companies actively involved in the development of subsea processing being Norwegian or based in Norway
