Digital Classicist London Seminars 2013 - Seminar 10 - Agnes Thomas et al.
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Agnes Thomas, Francesco Mambrini & Matteo Romanello (DAI, Berlin) 'Insights in the World of Thucydides: The Hellespont Project as a research environment for Digital History'. Digital Classicist London & Institute of Classical Studies seminar 2013, Friday August 9th. The Hellespont Project (German Archaeological Institute and Tufts University) aims to integrate two of the largest online collections for the study of Antiquity, the Perseus Digital Library and the Arachne archaeological database, in a dynamic digital research environment. Historians will have access to materials and resources of heterogeneous type, like ancient texts, archaeological evidence, historical background, and modern scholarly literature, while the documents related to each single historical event taken from the textual evidence will be interconnected through the CIDOC-CRM model. Hellespont as a case study focuses on a limited historical period, the 50-year period in the history of Athens between the end of the Persian Wars (479 BCE) and the outburst of the Peloponnesian War (431 BCE). Furthermore, it follows the narration presented by the most important written source, chapters 1.89-118 of the Histories of Thucydides, who was a contemporary to some of the facts. One of the point of departure for the project is the annotation of Thucydides' text with multiple layers of linguistic information. Our goal is really to create a "digital sourcebook" including a lot of machine-actionable information, where historians can go to find references to sources, and tools to help linguistic analysis of the original texts. Documents are bridged using the event-based CIDOC-CRM. We are working with two different concepts of events. In CIDOC ontology, events encompass all changes of states in cultural systems: they are identified by reference to historical scholarship. In Ancient History, where event reconstruction is mostly based on the interpretation of written sources, this definition isinsufficient. We are therefore implementing a data-driven approach, based on the semantic/syntactic strategies that express mutation in the external words through language. We aim to identify such strategies through a fine-grained semantic annotation of the written ancient texts. We are going to present the digitally analysed text of Thucydides including different kind of additional information in a single Virtual Research Environment (VRE). The interface, which is currently still being implemented, is based on the same idea of GapVis, that is a visual interface for reading texts providing the user with multiple views on the same passage of text. In the presentation we will show the most important parts of the different views the user will access in the interface.
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Digital Classicist London Seminars 2013 - Seminar 10 - Agnes Thomas et al.
- 1. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Insights in the World of Thucydides The Hellespont Project as a research environment for Digital History A. Thomasab F. Mambrinib M. Romanellobc aUniversität zu Köln bDeutsches Archäologisches Institut, Berlin cKing’s College, London August 9, 2013 Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 2. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Outline 1 Introduction 2 The GapVis Interface 3 Event annotation Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation 4 Secondary Literature Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 3. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature The Hellespont Project Integrating Arachne and Perseus October 2010 - September 2013 http://arachne.uni-koeln.de/drupal/?q=de/node/231 Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 4. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Cooperating Institutions and Persons German Archaeological Institute Berlin: Ortwin Dally Reinhard Förtsch Francesco Mambrini Matteo Romanello Wolfgang Schmidle The Perseus Project: Bridget Almas Alison Babeu Lisa Cerrato Gregory Crane Cologne Digital Archaeology Laboratory: Carina Berning Robert Kummer Alexander Recht Marcel Riedel Karen Schwane Agnes Thomas Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 5. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature GapVis for Hellespont Named entities, linguistic information, event annotation, and bibliography connected in one interface: A case study on Thuc. 1.89-118 Different formats (TEI, CIDOC-CRM, AGDT, PML. . . ) User interface based on GapVis: http://nrabinowitz.github.io/gapvis Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 6. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Book Summary Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 7. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Entity Detail Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 8. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Arachne Topography Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 9. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Related Entities Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 10. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Reading View Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 11. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Outline 1 Introduction 2 The GapVis Interface 3 Event annotation Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation 4 Secondary Literature Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 12. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Going through secondary literature Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 13. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Event List Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 14. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Oinophyta Event Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 15. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Myronides as a general Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 16. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Outline 1 Introduction 2 The GapVis Interface 3 Event annotation Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation 4 Secondary Literature Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 17. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Natural language and events Thuc. 1.102.2 μάλιστα δ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι, τοῖς δὲ πολιορκίας μακρᾶς καθεστηκυίας τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο: βίᾳ γὰρ ἂν εἷλον τὸ χωρίον. Translation [They] invited them especially because [they] considered [them] particularly skilled in siege operations, while, since the siege for them was dragging on, [their] own deficiency in that sort of warfare was clear: for otherwise [they] would have taken the place by force. Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 18. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Natural language and events Thuc. 1.102.2 μάλιστα δ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι, τοῖς δὲ πολιορκίας μακρᾶς καθεστηκυίας τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο: βίᾳ γὰρ ἂν εἷλον τὸ χωρίον. Translation [The siege of Ithome proved tedious, and the Lacedaemonians called in, among other allies, the Athenians . . . ] [They] invited them especially because [they] considered [them] particularly skilled in siege operations, while, since the siege for them was dragging on, [their] own deficiency in that sort of warfare was clear: for otherwise [they] would have taken the place by force. Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 19. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Natural language and events Thuc. 1.102.2 μάλιστα δ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι, τοῖς δὲ πολιορκίας μακρᾶς καθεστηκυίας τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο: βίᾳ γὰρ ἂν εἷλον τὸ χωρίον. Translation [The siege of Ithome proved tedious, and the Lacedaemonians called in, among other allies, the Athenians . . . ] [They] invited them especially because [they] considered [them] particularly skilled in siege operations, while, since the siege for them was dragging on, [their] own deficiency in that sort of warfare was clear: for otherwise [they] would have taken the place by force. Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 20. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Natural language and events Thuc. 1.102.2 μάλιστα δ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι, τοῖς δὲ πολιορκίας μακρᾶς καθεστηκυίας τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο: βίᾳ γὰρ ἂν εἷλον τὸ χωρίον. Translation [The siege of Ithome proved tedious, and the Lacedaemonians called in, among other allies, the Athenians . . . ] [They] invited them especially because [they] considered [them] particularly skilled in siege operations, while, since the siege for them was dragging on, [their] own deficiency in that sort of warfare was clear: for otherwise [they] would have taken the place by force. Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 21. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation NLP Pipeline Tokenization POS-Tagging Syntactic Parsing Thematic Roles Information Structure Coreference Resolution Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 22. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation NLP Pipeline NLP Process Ancient Greek? Chunking Lemmatization POS-tagging Syntactic parsing Word-sense disambiguation Co-reference resolution Semantic role annotation Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 23. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Using and Enhancing the available resources The Ancient Greek Dependency Treebank AGDT: treebank with word-by-word morphological and dependency-based syntactical description a step forward: semantic information Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 24. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Analytical Level “Surface” syntax a-a-1999.01.0199_book1-chapter89_3 AuxS οἱ Atr γὰρ AuxY Ἀθηναῖοι Sb τρόπῳ Adv τοιῷδε Atr ἦλθον Pred ἐπὶ AuxP τὰ Atr πράγματα Obj ἐν ηὐξήθησαν Atr . AuxK Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 25. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Valency The verbal node expresses a little drama. As a drama, it implies a process and, most of the times, actors and circumstances L. Tesnière Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 26. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Tectogrammatical annotation t-t_tree-grc-s1-root root γάρ1 PREC atom Ἀθηναῖος1 ACT n.denot ἔρχομαι1 enunc PRED v πρᾶγμα1 DIR3 state n.denot ὅς1 ACMP circ n.denot #PersPron ACT n.denot αὐξάνω1 RSTR v τρόπος1 MANN n.denot τοιόσδε1 RSTR adj.pron.def.demon . . . Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 27. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation From treebanks to event data-bases Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 28. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation What can you do with multi-layer trees? “Meaningful” relations between NEs [The Athenians]. . . brought the territories of Boeotia and Phocis under their obedience, and withal razed the walls of Tanagra and took of the wealthiest of the Locrians of Opus a hundred hostages, and finished also at the same time their long walls at home (1.108.3) Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 29. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation Maps with semantically relevant relations E.g. travels by sea πλέω (sail) Actor DIR 3 (to) DIR1 (from) The Athenians Other NE's Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 30. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation What can you do with multi-layer trees? Extraction and analysis of events What actions do the Athenians perform? Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 31. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Manual event annotation Linguistic annotation What can you do with multi-layer trees? Extraction and analysis of events What actions do the Spartans perform? Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 32. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Related Secondary Literature (from JSTOR) Figure : http://tiny.cc/GapVis-SecLit Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 33. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Mining JSTOR: Where is Thuc. “hiding”? A meaningful subsample mining citations from all ~171k journal articles, not the best approach curated bibliography (2009) before project started (CiteULike) articles in JSTOR related to Thuc 1.89-118 343 articles, 62 journals journals from bibliography as “seeds” samples ~73k articles (out of ~171k) top-down vs bottom-up bibliographic approach Pros and Cons comprehensive coverage; > 2 centuries; multilingual data not openly licensed Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 34. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Extracting Citations Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 35. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature NLP Pipeline Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 36. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Extracting Citations: Challenges sentence segmentation sentence = sensible unit of context both for extraction and data analysis (co-citation) dirty OCR invalid character sequences (e.g. n) “inconsistent” use of punctuation 1, 110-15 ; 1.89.1, 1.90 ; I 1, 102, 1 solution: reason based on domain knowledge similar references, surface similarity fragments, papyri, inscriptions Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project
- 37. Introduction The GapVis Interface Event annotation Secondary Literature Thank you! Our contacts and temporary development server agnes.thomas@uni-koeln.de francesco.mambrini@dainst.de mattero.romanello@dainst.de http://www.tiny.cc/GapVis-Hellespont Thomas, Mambrini, Romanello The Hellespont Project