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1. Portable Multipurpose Stethoscope for disease identification and classification
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract.....................................................................................................................................i
Acknowledgement …................................................................................................................ ii
List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………..………………….. iii
List of figures……………………….........……………………...……………….…...........……….. iv
List of tables……………………….........………………….…...……………….…..........………… .v
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ……………………….………………………………….1
CHAPTER 2 HEART-LUNG SOUNDS ………………………………….…………….…2
2.1 LUNG SOUNDS BACKGROUND………………………………..………………2
2.1.1 Classes of Respiratory Sounds………………………..………..…………..…2
2.1.1.1 Tracheal ……………………………………………………………… .2
2.1.1.2 Bronchial ………………………………………………………………3
2.1.1.3 Bronchovesicular .……………………………………………………...3
2.1.1.4 Vesicular …………………………………………………………….…3
2.1.1.5 Crackles (Rales) ……………………………………….……………….3
2.1.1.6Pleural Rub………………………………………….……………….….3
2.1.1.7 Rhonchi ……………………………………………………….………..4
2.1.1.8 Squawks……………………………………………..….……………….4
2.1.1.9 Stridor ………………………………………………..….……………...4
2.1.1.10 Wheezes……………………………………………..……….…………4
2.2 HEART SOUNDS BACKGROUND………………………………………..……...4
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2. Portable Multipurpose Stethoscope for disease identification and classification
2.2.1 Heart Anatomy…………………………………………………………………....4
2.2.2 Heart Rate………………………………………………………………...………5
2.2.3 Classes of Heart Sounds…………………………………………………………..5
2.3 CONVENTIONAL METHOD……………………………………………………...6
2.3.1 Stethoscope…………………………………………………………………......6
2.3.2 Phonocardiogram………………………………………………………….……6
CHAPTER 3 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK ………………………….....……........8
3.1 MULTI-LAYERED PERCEPTION(MLP) ………...…………………..……….......8
3.1.1 MLP Structure …………………………………….……………..………….…...9
CHAPTER 4 MULTIPURPOSE STETHOSCOPE FOR DISEASE IDENTIFI-
-CATION AND CLASSIFICATION………………………………………..………………..10
4.1 PRINCIPLE…………………………………………….…………..………...….......10
4.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM…………………………………...………….………………...11
4.3 STETHOSCOPE …………………………………………………...……….….......12
4.3.1 The Electromagnetic Diaphragm…………………………..…………......……...12
4.3.2 Electret Condenser Microphone……………………….……………….………..12
4.4 PIC 14F883………………..…………………………………………………………12
4.5 ATOM PROCESSOR..…………...…………………………………...……..…...…13
4.6 PROCESSING UNIT..…………...……………………………………...…...…......13
4.7 WIRELESS LAN ……………………………………………………………..….…14
CHAPTER 5 ELECTRONIC DESIGN..…………………………………………………....15
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3. Portable Multipurpose Stethoscope for disease identification and classification
5.1 STETHOSCOPE DESIGN…..….………….……………………………………..15
5.1.1 Probe…………………………………………………………………………...15
5.1.2 Headphones……………………………………………………………………15
5.1.2 Microphone specifications…………………………………………….………16
5.2 MICROCONTROLLER- PIC 16F883.….….…………….……………………....16
5.2.1 Power Supply……….…....…..………….…………………………………....18
5.3 SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY……………………………………………..18
5.4 INTEL ATOM PROCESSOR……....…………………….……………………....19
5.4.1 Intel i384Architecture………………………..……………………………..….20
5.5 WIRELESS ROUTER…….….………….………………………………………..20
CHAPTER 6 SOFTWARE DESIGN……………………………………………………..21
6.1 ATOM PROCESSOR…….………..…………………….………………………..21
6.1.1 FLOW CHART…………………………...…………………………………...21
6.1.2 FFMPeg………………………………………………………………………..22
6.2 PIC 16F883………………………………………………………………………...22
6.2.1 Flow Chart……………………………………………………….…………….22
6.3 MATLAB…………………………………………………...……………………..23
6.3.1 Flow Chart………………………………………………………………...…..23
6.3.1.1 Fdatool………………………………………………….……………...….22
6.3.1.2 Framing………………………………………………………………..….25
6.3.1.3 Windowing ……………………………………………………………......25
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4. Portable Multipurpose Stethoscope for disease identification and classification
6.3.1.4 The FFT………………………………………………………….……….26
6.3.1.5 Power Spectrum…………………………………………………………..26
6.3.1.6 Vector Quantization……………………….………………………….…..26
6.3.1.7 ANN…………………………………………….………………………………......27
6.4 WIRELESS ROUTER……………………………………………………………27
CHAPTER 7 HUMAN FACTOR CONSIDERATIONS……...………………..……….28
CHAPTER 8 SIMULATION TESTING AND CALIBRATION...………………...…...29
8.1 SIMULATION………...………………………………………………….…….....29
8.2 TESTING……………………….………………………………...……………......30
8.3 CALIBRATION………………………………………………………………...…30
CHAPTER 9 RESULT AND ANALYSIS……………………………………………....….31
9.1 ADVANTAGES ………...………………………………………………….…..........34
9.2 DISAVANTAGES ……………………….………………………...…………….......34
CHAPTER 10 FUTURE PLANS…………………………………………………………....35
CHAPTER 11 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………......…..36
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………..………........37
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