Presentation by IUCN on a Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) project in Northern Thailand. The integrated management of ecosystems and livelihoods - Introduction at the RECOFTC training on “Landscape Functions and People: Applying Strategic Planning Approaches for Good Natural Resource. 31 October 2009 by Tawatchai Rattanasorn.

1. Forest Landscape Restoration Project at Doi Mae Salong.The integrated management of ecosystems and livelihoods Introduction at the RECOFTC training on“Landscape Functions and People: Applying Strategic Planning Approaches for Good Natural Resource. 31 October 2009 Tawatchai Rattanasorn

2. Doi Mae Salong, Chiangrai

3. Doi Mae Salong-Doi Tung-Mae Sai

4. แม่น้ำโขง แม่น้ำกก The National Hydrological Board divides Thailand into 25 major river basins and 254 sub-basins ลุ่มน้ำกก (MaeKok) 8.ลุ่มน้ำกก (เขตจังหวัดเชียงราย) 9.ลุ่มน้ำแม่กรณ์ 10.ลุ่มน้ำแม่ลาว ลุ่มน้ำโขง(MeKong) 1.ลุ่มน้ำมะ 2. ลุ่มน้ำบริเวณดอยหลวงแปรเมือง 3.ลุ่มน้ำแม่คำ 4.ลุ่มน้ำแม่จัน 5.ลุ่มน้ำอิง(ที่อยู่ในจังหวัดเชียงราย) 6.ลุ่มน้ำงาว 7.ลุ่มน้ำพุง ลุ่มน้ำย่อยในเขตจังหวัดเชียงราย

8. Price of land increased

9. Over use of agro-chemicals

11. The Ecosystem Approach The ecosystem approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land,water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way.

12. The 12 Principles The objectives of management of land, water and living resources are a matter of societal choice Management should be decentralised to the lowest appropriate level Managers should consider the effects of their activities on adjacent and other ecosystems Recognising potential gains from management, there is usually a need to understand and manage the ecosystem in an economic context Conservation of ecosystem structure and functioning, in order to maintain ecosystem services, should be a priority target Ecosystems must be managed within the limits of their functioning

13. The 12 Principles Action should be undertaken at the appropriate spatial and temporal scales Objectives for ecosystem management should be set for the long term Management must recognise that change is inevitable Action should seek the appropriate balance between, and integration of, conservation and use of biological diversity Action should consider all forms of relevant information, including scientific and indigenous and local knowledge, innovations and practices The approach should involve all relevant stakeholders of society and scientific disciplines

14. Participatory and Integrated Development Approach/ Action learning/Gender Balance

15. Driven by the Need for Pragmatic Approaches to Rehabilitation Remnant Forest Remnant Forest Slope Agriculture Rice and Corn Degraded Land Slope Agriculture Rice and Corn

16. Beginning Land Use Planning Agreements on priority areas -Steep slope areas -headwaters Negotiating other Land Uses -Avoid reforesting land used for agriculture -Increase productivity of agricultural land to reduce encroachment and generate income

17. What have been doing Planted over 800,000 trees in 3 years total area of 4,000 rai (640 ha). 40 species Framework species approach demonstration plot School and community nursery Participatory land use planning and zoning of forest – agriculture land, participatory formation of land use criteria

18. Livelihoods/Poverty Reduction Agro-Forestry Practices. Arabica coffee-Macadamia-Bamboo-Rattan-and multi-purpose fast growing species. Trial plots Soil and water conservation measure, improve soil fertilities-biofertilizer Improvement of small scale irrigation system Paddy terrace initiative Community-based ecotourism Fruit, vegetable ,flower crops promotion

19. Participatory Land use planning/land use classification

20. Other Agricultural Use Integrated Approach Poverty Degradation Lack of Land Tenure Migration

21. Negotiating and Finding Pragmatic Solutions

22. Framework species demonstration plot

23. Negotiation of Agricultural Use Learning Nurseries Demonstration Sites

24. Terrace paddy field expansion-small scale irrigation

25. Coffee-Macadamia-Bamboo-Rattan-Medicinal plants-Fast growing species/Agro-forestry practices 120 farmer / 120 rai established coffee and Macadamia nut trial plot (400 arabica coffee and 16 Macadamia nut per rai) SWC measure 500 rai

26. Multi purpose/fast growing species trial plots 20,000 seedlings of Griffith’s Ash (Fraxinus griffithii), Sweet gum (Liquidambar formosana), Camphor Wood (Cinnamomum Camphora) and Taiwan Acacia were planted in the area of about 100 rai (200 tree per rai) for future benefits.

27. Participatory Approach The FLR Approach Addressed within a negotiated framework

28. Land use planning / classification

29. Creating Four Demonstration Sites to Learn From (Learning through actions)

31. 1 2 3 4 ลุ่มน้ำจัน น้ำแม่คำ ไปอำเภอแม่สาย ฝายป่ายาง ฝายฮ่างต่ำ ไปอำเภอเชียงแสน ฝายแม่คี แนวทางการระบายน้ำฝั่งซ้าย แนวทางการระบายน้ำฝั่งขวา อ.แม่จัน อ่างฯห้วยปู อ่างฯบ้านสันติคีรี อ่างฯแม่จันหลวง ฝายประปา ฝายห้วยปู ฝายน้ำโป่งน้ำร้อน ไปอำเภอเมืองเชียงราย อ่างฯป่ากุ่ม อ่างฯจะผือ

32. Challenges Big gap between the poor and the better off Migrant workers/Human rights and national security Land use planning model (growth vs. stability) Marketing and Production model Soil and water conservation and agricultural model (good practices in high slope areas, encroachment of forest reserves Forest restoration model (FORRU, King’s Model, AgroForestry Model). Finding the right mix and convincing people to learn from these practices. Water governance and complex regulatory frameworks (law, policy, institutions, process)

33. 1 2 3 4 ลุ่มน้ำแม่คำ น้ำโขง อ่างฯพญาไพรลิทู่ ไปอำเภอแม่สาย อ่างฯบ้านผาจิ ฝายป่าถ่อน อ่างฯบ้านเทอดไทย 2 อ่างฯแม่คำตอนบน ฝายร่องธาตุ อ่างฯบ้านเทอดไทย 1 อ่างฯบ้านหินแตก 1 อ่างฯบ้านเทอดไทย 3 อ่างฯแม่คำ อ่างฯบ้านหินแตก 2 อ่างฯ ห้วยหยวก ฝายผาม้า ฝายกล้วยคำ ปตร.ปากเหมืองอุดม ห้วยหยวก บ้านแม่คำ อ่างฯบ้านห้วยผึ้ง อ่างฯห้วยหมาก อ่างฯบ้านสามสูง บ้านแม่คำหลักเจ็ด ไปอำเภอเมืองเชียงราย น้ำแม่สลอง

34. Challenges Balancing the needs of difference stakeholders-forest-land-water users (Up and down stream)- River Basin Organization - Integrated Basin Management ? Developing alternative livelihoods that make a meaningful reduction in poverty while improving conservation of the area Holistic approach. Participatory Action Research- Can research leads development ?