Professor David Heymann, of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Chatham House, explained the recent history of access to health-related products and services and the challenges ahead at the launch of Policy Cures on 16 September 2010. In his presentation he highlighted the cost of malaria – estimated at $12 billion per year –and how the donor community has shifted from the pursuit of a vaccine to providing medicines.

1. Access to health-related products, technologies and services David Heymann Head and Senior Fellow, Centre on Global Health Security, Chatham House Professor of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

2. Distribution of deaths by cause and gender, 2004 Source: GBD, WHO 2004

3. Child mortality rates by cause and region, 2004 ~ 1 million deaths per year Source: GBD 2004, WHO

4. Estimated malaria incidence per 1000 population, 2006 In addition to human suffering and death, an estimated US$ 12 billion lost each year from direct and indirect costs Source: World Malaria Report, 2008

5. Effective evidence-based interventions: Malaria Reduce exposure to mosquitoes Prompt diagnosis Prompt treatment in children, and intermittent treatment in pregnant women Source: WHO

6. Development agencies and health, before 2000 “Medicines not sustainable….the only cost effective interventions are vaccines”

7. WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health Macroeconomics and Health Commissioners

8. Access to medicines: The Global Fund, funding 2001 - 2009 4 3 Billions of dollars US 2 US$ 2.6 billion to malaria programmes in 85 countries 1 0 2001- 2006 2008 2005 2007 2009 Year 2004

9. Other contributions to access to medicines and vaccines

10. The Global Fund: long term sustainability ………. Source: New York Times, May 2010

11. GAVI: long term sustainability Source: The Lancet Vol 375:9117. 791, 6 March 2010

12. Non-communicable diseases

13. Non-communicable diseases are increasing burden in all countries

14. Diabetes, a non-communicable disease with high mortality

15. Cost of care for diabetics, recent estimates

16. What are the sustainable models for increasing access to medicines, vaccines and other health-related technologies Access to health-related products, technologies and services