Electronic Commerce By Roohul Amin

1. By Roohul Amin MSc Computer (Peshawar University) PAKISTAN

13. Figure to Explain EM Shopper/Purchaser Product Services Information, Request Purchases Request Payment or Payment Advice Electronic Market (Transaction Handler) Seller/Supplier Purchase Fulfillment Request Purchase Change Request Electronic Commerce Network (Infrastructure) Response to Information Request Purchase Acknowledgment Shipping Notice Purchase/Services Delivery (If online) Payment Acknowledgment Response to Fulfillment Request Shipping Notice Payment Authorization Request Electronic Transfer of Funds (ETF) Payment Authorization Request Shoppers/Purchaser’s Bank Transaction Handler’s Bank (Automated Clearing House) Sellers/Supplier’s Bank Payment Approval Electronic Transfer of Funds (ETF) 02/25/12

18. Cont… 02/25/12 Interorganizational Systems Electronic Markets Advance arrangements are made so both parties know which communication networks will be integral to the system. Customers and seller use their own choice regarding using communication networks, may it change to transaction to transaction. Joint guidelines and expectations of each party are formulated so each knows how the system is to be used and when transaction will be submitted and received by each business partners. No joint guidelines are drawn in advance

44. Cont… 02/25/12 Organization Technology Innovations Obsolescence(going out of use) EC Info Overload Market Global Competitive Changing Workforce Powerful Customers Society Social Responsibility Government- Regulations Deregulations Shrinking Budgets Subsidies Ethics IT and EC support This figure shows us the Major Business Pressures and the role of EC