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Parameter Setting and the Subset Principle
Some observations ,[object Object],DP PP N’ N NP visit DP his DP D’ D DP [poss] to the hospital i VP IP V V’ I’ I [past] DP upset j t j t i her DP
Some observations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The poverty of the stimulus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The poverty of the stimulus problem ,[object Object]
The poverty of the stimulus problem ,[object Object],[object Object]
Language acquisition An interaction between grammar and data  S --> NP VP NP --> DET N VP --> V NP PP PP --> P NP S --> S and S NP --> NP andNP
Apparent Complexity  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Universal Grammar: the basic idea Input (data) Output (grammar) “ An engineer faced with the problem of designing a device for meeting the given input-output conditions would naturally conclude that the basic properties of the output are a consequence of the design of the device.  Nor is there any plausible alternative to this assumption”  Chomsky (1967)   Acquisition  device
Universal Grammar ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
UG and language acquisition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Principle: structure-dependency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structure-dependency and stimulus poverty ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Another Principle: recursion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Principles: a summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Parameters ,[object Object]
Parameter: head-complement ordering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Typological data ,[object Object],Class Percentage of Genera Verb-Object, Preposition 33% Verb-Object, Postposition 3% Object-Verb, Preposition 3% Object-Verb, Postposition 61%
Parameter: head-complement ordering  ,[object Object],IP CP C’ C if VP IP I’ I will DP VP V’ V write DP PP P’ P to
Parameter: head-complement ordering  ,[object Object],IP CP C’ C ka VP IP I’ I -u DP VP V’ V kak DP PP P’ P ni
The null subject parameter ,[object Object],[object Object]
The null subject parameter  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The null subject parameter  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The null subject parameter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A parameter space  polysynthesis head directionality subject side verb attraction subject placement serial verb null subject yes no Mohawk,  Warlpiri final initial Japanese, Turkish initial final Malagasy, Tzotzil yes no no yes English Edo, Khmer high low Welsh,  Zapotec no yes French Spanish,  Romanian
Parameter Setting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Subset Principle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Parameters in L2 Learning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Four views on the role of L1 parameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Some parameters that have been looked at in L2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Null subject parameter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Principles and Parameters: summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Universal Grammar: summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Parameter setting

  • 1. Parameter Setting and the Subset Principle
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Language acquisition An interaction between grammar and data S --> NP VP NP --> DET N VP --> V NP PP PP --> P NP S --> S and S NP --> NP andNP
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  • 9. Universal Grammar: the basic idea Input (data) Output (grammar) “ An engineer faced with the problem of designing a device for meeting the given input-output conditions would naturally conclude that the basic properties of the output are a consequence of the design of the device. Nor is there any plausible alternative to this assumption” Chomsky (1967) Acquisition device
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  • 25. A parameter space polysynthesis head directionality subject side verb attraction subject placement serial verb null subject yes no Mohawk, Warlpiri final initial Japanese, Turkish initial final Malagasy, Tzotzil yes no no yes English Edo, Khmer high low Welsh, Zapotec no yes French Spanish, Romanian
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  • 33.