1. Blood based biomarkers
Why do we want them? Exactly what do we want? How will we get it ?

2. Adapted from Sperling et al (2011) Alzheimer’s and dementia 7 280-92
Why do we want (blood based) biomarkers ?

3. -
1.0
0.6
0.2
1.4
1.8
Relativeopticaldensity
P<0.05
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1 - Specificity
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Sensitivity
ROC Curve
Complement Factor H (CFH)
n>500
Proof of a signal in blood
(also complement c4 – decreased)

4. Biomarkers for prediction
‘Conversion’, progression and sub-type
Companion biomarkers
Specific to target/therapy
Biomarkers for pathology
Discovery by endophenotype
Biomarkers for clinical trials
Stratification and experimental medicine
What, exactly, do we want ?
Biomarkers for AD
not needed, not possible

5. Correlation with cortical atrophy
Correlation with cognition (MMSE)
Correlation with speed of decline
Design matters
In man….
W/T APP/PS1
In mouse….

6. European Medical Information Framework
Vision: To enable and conduct novel research
into human health by utilising human health data
at an unprecedented scale
• Access to information on 40 million patients
• Cohorts with samples, imaging and clinical data :
• > 20,000 for dementia and metabolic biomarker discovery and validation
• Linkage of clinical and omics data
• Development of a secure (privacy, legal) modular platform
• Continue to build a network of data sources and relevant research
http://www.imi.europa.eu/content/emif
How will we get biomarkers ?

7. EMIF – a public private partnership for data-integration
EMIF-Metabolic
EMIF-AD
Data Privacy
Analytical tools
Semantic Integration
Information standards
Data access / mgmt
IMI Structure and Network
Research Topics
EMIF governance
Preventionalgorithms
Predictivescreening
Riskstratification
Call 5Call 5
Riskfactoranalysis
Patientgenerateddata
TBD
EMIF-Platform
Metabolic CNS

8. Maudsley BRC
Informatics team
Martina Sattlecker
Steven Kiddle
Steve Newhouse
Anbarasu Lourdasamy
Simon Furney
Gerome Breen
Rob Stewart
Mike Denis
Richard Dobson
King’s College London
Biomarkers team
Abdul Hye
Joanna Riddoch-Contreras
Rufina Leung
Andreas Guentert
Mohammed Aiyaz
Madhav Thambisetty (NIA)
Katie Lunnon
Alison Baird
Nicholas Ashton
Sarah Westwood
Latha Velayudhan
Chantal Bazenet
Angela Hodges
Simon Lovestone
AddNeuroMed
Imaging team
Eric Westman
Sebastian Muehlboeck
Sergi Costafreda
Lars-Olof Wahlund
Christian Spenger
Alan Evans
Andrew Simmons
AddNeuroMed
Clinical team
Hilkka Soininen
Bruno Vellas
Patrizia Meccocci
Magda Tsolaki
Iwona Kłoszewska
Simon Lovestone