3. The “-id” sounding words
post/posted /ed/
Verbs which end in the sounds /t/ or /d/
have their past endings pronounced /id/:
/t/ posted /d/ added
The -ed ending is pronounced as an extra
syllable added to the base form of the verb.
4. TheThe ‘-id’‘-id’ soundsound
‘‘-id’-id’
onlyonly used for verbs endingused for verbs ending
with awith a ‘t’ or ‘d‘t’ or ‘d’ sound’ sound
decideciddeded
inviinvitteded
neeneeddeded
planplantteded
pospostteded
shoushoutteded
starstartteded
tastastteded
visivisitteded
waiwaitteded
wanwantteded
5. The “-d” sounding words
play/played /d/
Verbs which end in the following sounds have
their past endings pronounced /d/:
/b/ rubbed /g/ tugged /j/ managed
/l/ filled /m/ dimmed /n/ listened
vowel + /r/ stirred /v/ loved /z/
seized
The -ed ending is not pronounced as an extra
syllable.
6. TheThe ‘-d’‘-d’ soundsound
onlyonly used for verbs endingused for verbs ending
in ain a voicedvoiced soundsound
momovveded
stastayyeded
sasavveded
cleacleanneded
enjoenjoyyeded
lolovveded
cloclosseded
plaplayyeded
‘‘-d’-d’
YouYou cancan feel a vibrationfeel a vibration
when you put your fingerswhen you put your fingers
on your neck.on your neck.
7. The “-t” sounding words
work/worked /t/
Verbs which end in the following sounds
have their past endings pronounced /t/:
/k/ packed; /s/ passed; /ch/ watched;
/sh/ washed; /f/ laughed; /p/ tipped
The -ed ending is not pronounced as an extra
syllable.
8. TheThe ‘-t’‘-t’ soundsound
onlyonly used for verbs endingused for verbs ending
in anin an unvoicedunvoiced soundsound
lalaughugheded
walwalkkeded
kiskissseded
finifinishsheded
helhelppeded
dandancecedd
fifixxeded
worworkkeded
wawashsheded
dropdropppeded
‘‘-t’-t’
YouYou can’tcan’t feel a vibrationfeel a vibration
when you put your fingerswhen you put your fingers
on your neck.on your neck.
Notes de l'éditeur
If you are teaching your students pronunciation of the past participles of some verbs that are being used as adjectives, then a second syllable will be added even if the base form does not end in a /t/ or /d/ sound, and the "-ed" ending will be pronounced as /id/.
Common past participles used as adjectives with an additional syllable are: aged, blessed, crooked, dogged, learned, ragged, and wretched.
Fortunately, this exceptions doesn't apply to teaching pronunciation of English past tense verbs, just past participles when they are used as adjectives.
If you are teaching your students pronunciation of the past participles of some verbs that are being used as adjectives, then a second syllable will be added even if the base form does not end in a /t/ or /d/ sound, and the "-ed" ending will be pronounced as /id/.
Common past participles used as adjectives with an additional syllable are: aged, blessed, crooked, dogged, learned, ragged, and wretched.
Fortunately, this exceptions doesn't apply to teaching pronunciation of English past tense verbs, just past participles when they are used as adjectives.
If you are teaching your students pronunciation of the past participles of some verbs that are being used as adjectives, then a second syllable will be added even if the base form does not end in a /t/ or /d/ sound, and the "-ed" ending will be pronounced as /id/.
Common past participles used as adjectives with an additional syllable are: aged, blessed, crooked, dogged, learned, ragged, and wretched.
Fortunately, this exceptions doesn't apply to teaching pronunciation of English past tense verbs, just past participles when they are used as adjectives.
