Some tips for the exam of 2Batxillerat

1. GRAMMAR HELP
FOR 2BATXILLERAT

2. PASSIVE
VERB TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
am/is/are
was/were
will be
Am/is/are going to
be
have/has been
had been
can be
should be
might be
etc
3a. Columna de verbo
irregular
O
Regular verb +ed
EXAMPLE: The glass is broken by the kid.

3. CAUSATIVE HAVE
EXAMPLES:
I HAVE MY CAR REPAIRED EVERY YEAR.
I WILL HAVE MY HAIR CUT.
SUBJECT + HAVE + OBJECT + PAST PATICIPLE.
Have/has
Had
Will have
Am/is/are going to
have
Had had
Can have
Should have
NOTA: COSES QUE ALGÚ FA PER TU.
HAVEcanvia segons temps verbal (present
simple, passat, futur, etc) IGUAL QUE EN
LA PASSIVA CANVIA EL TO BE

4. ATTENTION!
PASSIVE AND CAUSATIVE HAVE HAVE VERY SIMILAR STRUCTURES:
BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
HAVE + OBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE (a professional does the action for you: repair,
test, cut, paint…)

5. CONDITIONALS
• CONDITIONAL 0: IF + SUBJECT + PRESENT, SUBJECT + PRESENT
TRUTHS, UNIVERSE RULES IF YOU HEAT ICE, IT MELTS.
• 1ST COND: IF + SUBJECT + PRESENT, SUBJECT + WILL +VERB
REAL SITUATION IF YOU STUDY A LOT, YOU WILL PASS.
• 2ND COND: IF + SUBJECT + PAST , SUBJECT + WOULD + VERB
HYPOTHETICAL SITUATION IF YOU BROKE YOUR LEG, YOU WOULD NOT PLAY FOOTBALL.
• 3RD COND: IF + SUBJECT+ PAST PERFECT, SUBJECT + WOULD + HAVE + P. PARTICIPLE
IMPOSSIBLE SITUATION IF YOU HAD OPENED THE DOOR, THE GIRL WOULD HAVE COME IN.
NOTICE! UNLESS = IF NOT IF = WHETHER

6. I WISH…
• I WISH SUBJECT + PAST SIMPLE
• I WISH I HAD A FERRARI
A DREAM, A WISH…
• I WISH SUBJECT + PAST PERFECT
• I WISH I HAD BOUGHT A FERRARI
IT IS PAST, YOU CANNOT UNDO IT.

7. REPORTED SPEECH
• `I AM HUNGRY´, SHE SAID.
• SHE SAID THAT SHE WAS HUNGRY.
PRESENT > PAST
PAST SIMPLE > PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT > PAST PERFECT
PAST PERFECT > PAST PERFECT
FUTURE > CONDITIONAL
(SAME FOR THE CONTINUOUS TENSES: PRESENT CONTINUOUS > PAST CONTINUOUS AND SO FORTH)
TIME & PLACE EXPRESSIONS MUST CHANGE TOO: NOW > THEN, TOMORROW > THE NEXT DAY... HERE> THERE
Reporting questions:
YES/NO QUESTIONS
`IS SHE HERE´, PAUL ASKED.
HE ASKED IF YOU WERE HERE.
WH- QUESTIONS
`WHERE IS ANNE?´, ARTHUR
ASKED.
ARTHUR ASKED WHERE ANNE
WAS.

8. RELATIVE PRONOUNS
• WHICH/THAT THIS IS THE BOOK WHICH I BOUGHT YESTERDAY.
• WHO/THAT ANNE IS THE GIRL WHO IS GOING OUT WITH ERIC.
• WHERE I LOVE THE HOUSE WHERE I WAS BORN.
• WHEN THIS IS THE TIME OF THE YEAR WHEN WE TAKE OUR EXAMS.
• WHOSE THAT IS THE WOMAN WHOSE DOG IS DANGEROUS.
• WHOM I LIKE THE BAND TO WHOM YOU ARE LISTENING NOW.

9. MODAL VERBS
• CAN (BE ABLE TO)
• COULD
• MAY
• MIGHT
• MUST
• HAVE TO
• NEED
• SHOULD
• OUGHT TO
PERFECT MODALS
MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
HE MUST HAVE FAILED. HE LOOKS SO SAD…
MIGHT HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
HE MIGHT HAVE FOUND HIS KEYS. THE DOOR IS OPEN
NOW.
COULD HAVE + PAST PATICIPLE
I COULD HAVE STUDIED MORE. I PASSED BUTMY MARK
IS LOW.
SHOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
I SHOULD HAVE TOLD HER `I LOVE YOU´. SHE SAYS I
NEVER DID.