T3 thermal imager class bates
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This document provides an overview and training on the operation of Bullard thermal imaging cameras. It discusses the key features and operating procedures of the cameras, including activating the unit, changing batteries, and cleaning and maintenance. It also covers the basic theory of thermal imaging, how infrared radiation and heat transfer work, and various emergency response applications of thermal imaging such as search and rescue, fire attack, and hazmat situations.
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T3 thermal imager class bates
- 2. Special Thanks to Gary Simpson of Bullard Thermal Imaging Cameras for his help on this presentation .
- 6. Familiarization LCD Display On/Off Button Battery Indicator Battery Release Battery Lens & Bezel w/Cover Window
- 23. IR Principles Heat Conditions Search & Rescue Haz-Mat Recon
- 25. IR Principles Fire Attack Outdoor Search Overhaul
- 40. Thermal Imaging Applications Size Up
- 43. Thermal Imaging Applications Search & Rescue
- 46. Search & Rescue
- 47. Thermal Imaging Applications Fire Attack
- 52. Thermal Imaging Applications Ventilation
- 54. Thermal Imaging Applications Overhaul
- 58. Thermal Imaging Applications Haz Mat
- 61. Haz Mat
- 63. Haz Mat
- 64. Thermal Imaging Applications Wildland
- 66. Thermal Imaging Applications Firefighter Safety
Notes de l'éditeur
- This slide covers the objectives of the “orientation” program, we are using orientation because this is a basic introduction and a higher level of hands-on work should be involved before it is termed training. The SAFE-IR option is “training” At the end of the orientation you should have covered all of this material, If you don’t intend to cover this much material modify the slide accordingly
- Self explanatory Refer to the instructions manuals
- VERY IMPORTANT ! Make sure the power supply marked “24 volt” is only used with a dual charge battery charger. All other components operate off of 12-15 volts, so the 24 volt power supply can damage them. Make sure a battery is in the thermal imager before connecting the direct charge cord to the camera, if not the charger may not operate properly.
- The battery can be inserted in the charger and thermal imager in a number of wrong positions so please note the following : Charger Make sure when the battery is placed in the charger the light turns red and does not stay green, this will insure the battery is in properly and has made contact. A battery can be left in the charger once the light turns green, the charger will automatically switch to a trickle charge mode Thermal Imager Insure that the battery is inserted with the arrow on the front of the battery in the correct position. If the arrow can not be seen the notch on the back of the battery should be placed toward the left side of the imager when inserting it, this can be done in blinding smoke conditions with a gloved hand with a little practice. Also make sure the battery light and sleep mode are illuminated when the battery is inserted.
- Self explanatory
- Getting use to using the sleep mode is very important because it can really increase the amount of time the unit can operate. Remind firefighters it is possible to accidentally bump the sleep button, so they should check it if they are carrying the unit and pick it up to find that there is no image on the screen.
- Getting use to using the sleep mode is very important because it can really increase the amount of time the unit can operate. Remind firefighters it is possible to accidentally bump the sleep button, so they should check it if they are carrying the unit and pick it up to find that there is no image on the screen.
- The unit is water resistant, but it is best not to dunk the unit under water for long periods of time since the waterproofing may be damaged by impacts or high heat exposure. Do not use strong solvents to clean the unit. If the picture on the imager is weak or distorted, check to insure the lens does not have a build-up on it. Any questions on cleaning problems or other service issues contact your distributor or Bullard.
- Self explanatory Refer to the instructions manuals
- Technology really took off due to an incident in the Falklands War, which resulted in British Naval Forces employing Thermal Imagers.
- Use the example of being in a fire, you can’t always see the fire but you can feel the heat from it, this is the infrared energy from the fire which pass through the smoke unlike the visible light which does not always pass through.
- As mentioned earlier basically everything emits IR. These emitters are classified on the quantity of IR that they emit. Passive emitters emit very little IR because they tend to have very little molecular activity. They emit the majority of their IR by absorbing and dissipating IR from an Active or Direct emitter. Passive emitters that are not dissipating heat they have absorbed from an Active or Direct emitter can be very difficult to see with a thermal imager. Examples include : walls, floors, doors, rocks, dirt, etc. Active emitters are always emitting varying quantities of IR which is usually in direct proportion to the activity of the organism. The only time an active emitter will not emit IR is when it is dead. Shortly after death, there still may be a small quantity emitted of IR emitted for a small period of time. Active emitters are usually readily identified with a thermal imager. Examples include people and animals. Direct emitters are always emitting IR. They vary from Active emitters in that they are continually emit very strong concentrations of IR for the period of time that they exist or operate. Examples include : fire, sun, and lights. Direct source emitters are very easy to identify with a thermal imager, but they may damage older tube technology during exposure to the Direct source.
- People in the audience with a military or law enforcement background may confuse image intensifiers with infrared detectors, make sure they understand that they are 2 different types of technology. Image intensifiers operate by magnifying existing light, so they will not work with out some form of visible light so they are not effective for firefighting The picture at the bottom shows how IR detectors or thermal imagers are much better
- Remind everyone a thermal imager displays an image based on the amount of energy or heat that it detects or “sees”. Make sure everyone understands a particular shade is not assigned to any specific temperature. An object is not displayed as white because it has reached any specific temperature, it will appear white when it is one of the hottest things in the field of view. In the first picture the person which is about 80 degrees is white because it is the hottest thing in the field of view In the second picture the fire in the room through the doorway is white because it is the hottest thing in the field of view, but in this case the white object is over 1,000 degrees
- Make sure everyone understands how IR energy behaves. The video shows IR energy being : emitted by the hand absorbed by the magazine re-emitted from the magazine An example of reflection will follow
- Make sure everyone understands how IR energy behaves. The video shows IR energy being : emitted by the hand absorbed by the magazine re-emitted from the magazine An example of reflection will follow
- Make sure everyone is aware of how IR energy can be reflected off of various smooth or shiny surfaces. Tell them if they believe they see a victim or firefighter to wave, if they wave back very good chance it is a reflection. If they are applying water on a fire and nothing is happening they may be applying water to a reflection on a wall or floor.
- Make sure everyone is aware of how IR energy can be reflected off of various smooth or shiny surfaces. Tell them if they believe they see a victim or firefighter to wave, if they wave back very good chance it is a reflection. If they are applying water on a fire and nothing is happening they may be applying water to a reflection on a wall or floor.
- IR will penetrate smoke, but it will not penetrate everything. When IR strikes a surface such as water or glass a very large percentage of it is reflected back, and a small portion of it is absorbed by the surface / object. Looking at these surfaces through a thermal imager is like looking at a mirror. Strong IR emitters such as a fire can transmit enough IR energy to a surface / object to allow it to register on the other side of the object. This is why / how you can not see a fire directly through a window but you can tell it is there because of the transferred heat / IR.
- Thermal Contrast is also a very important term and concept. This refers to how well different objects viewed and displayed by an imager stand out from one another. If there is good thermal contrast the objects will be well defined and easily identifiable, if not they will tend to blend together with one another. Thermal contrast is affected by how the MRTD of unit is and how much of a temperature difference there is between the objects. The better the MRTD and the greater the temperature difference the better the thermal contrast.
- Thermal Inversion is also a very important term and concept. This event can cause confusion when it occurs, a prime example is : A person (98 degrees) standing outside under normal conditions (75 degrees) appears on a thermal imager as a white or light colored object, because compared to the background they are emitting more IR and have a higher temperature. Take the same person (98 degrees) and put them in a room where the temperature has been raised (over 100 degrees) and they will now be dark in color. It is the same object at the same temperature, but it has changed in appearance because the surrounding back ground or environment has changed. Reinforce the point that a thermal imagers assign a color to an object based on how it compares with the surrounding background, the hottest objects will be light in color and the coolest objects will be dark in color.
- This is phenomenon that can occur with the unit if the thermal throttle is all the way open and a strong IR source is being viewed. This can be eliminated by adjusting the thermal throttle down, however this can be used as a very valuable visual queue to identify which spot is the hottest.
- This is phenomenon that can occur with the unit if the thermal throttle is all the way open and a strong IR source is being viewed. This can be eliminated by adjusting the thermal throttle down, however this can be used as a very valuable visual queue to identify which spot is the hottest.
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- A movie will play on this slide As it plays talk about how you can use an imager for fire attack, cover the earlier points once again (repeat) MAKE SURE everyone notes the white area at the ceiling that looks like steam or smoke. This is very dense particles in the smoke layer that have been superheated. This is a very important warning sign that things are getting very hot and conditions are starting to develop that could lead to a flashover or backdraft. If this condition is bad enough, usually just prior to flashover occurring, the entire area being viewed may appear as white, some people will identify this as “white out” though it is really not. If everything is extremely hot, everything will appear white, this is a bad situation !!! Also point out how the fog stream upsets this thermal layer and pushes it down on the firefighters. You can also point out how you can see areas that have been cooled and areas that have not.
- Self explanatory MAKE SURE everyone notes the white area at the ceiling that looks like steam or smoke. This is very dense particles in the smoke layer that have been superheated. This is a very important warning sign that things are getting very hot and conditions are starting to develop that could lead to a flashover or backdraft. If this condition is bad enough, usually just prior to flashover occurring, the entire area being viewed may appear as white, some people will identify this as “white out” though it is really not. If everything is extremely hot, everything will appear white, this is a bad situation !!!
- A movie will play on this slide As it plays talk about how you can use an imager for fire attack, cover the earlier points once again (repeat) MAKE SURE everyone notes the white area at the ceiling that looks like steam or smoke. This is very dense particles in the smoke layer that have been superheated. This is a very important warning sign that things are getting very hot and conditions are starting to develop that could lead to a flashover or backdraft. If this condition is bad enough, usually just prior to flashover occurring, the entire area being viewed may appear as white, some people will identify this as “white out” though it is really not. If everything is extremely hot, everything will appear white, this is a bad situation !!! Also point out how the fog stream upsets this thermal layer and pushes it down on the firefighters. You can also point out how you can see areas that have been cooled and areas that have not.
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- A movie will play on this slide As it plays talk about how you can use an imager for overhaul, cover the earlier points once again.
- Self explanatory Works great in identifying areas affected by lightning strikes.
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- This is based on the ability of the material in the container to affect the external temperature of the container. This may not always happen with very thick or insulated containers.
- A movie will play on this slide As it plays talk about how you can use an imager for Haz Mat, cover the earlier points once again. Make the point that with the first container you can clearly see a product level, but with the second you can not be sure if the container is full, empty, or to insulated to show a product level. If you have similar containers under similar conditions you can use one that you know the status of as a reference point to compare the others to.
- `This slide shows a container full of hot water and cold water. Personnel trained in chemistry or Haz. Mat. may be able to identify if a chemical reaction is taking based on the amount of heat being given off from a product or if the conditions are changing in a container
- Self explanatory
- `This slide shows a container full of hot water and cold water. Personnel trained in chemistry or Haz. Mat. may be able to identify if a chemical reaction is taking based on the amount of heat being given off from a product or if the conditions are changing in a container
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- Pretty much self explanatory You can use the Grandbury, Texas incident from the news letter to illustrate the first point. Use your own examples or stories for the others.
- Drive home the point that thermal imagers can create tunnel vision and it is critical that everything must be scanned constantly. Also make the point that seeing something is only half the battle, understanding what you are looking at takes a thorough understanding of the basics and hours of practice.