Mogens S Hovmøller, Annemarie F Justesen, Stephanie Walter, Chris K Sørensen, Tine Thach, Julian R Algaba, Poul Lassen, Jens G Hansen

1. Global Rust Reference Center (GRRC):
Current research and servicesCurrent research and services
Mogens S Hovmøller, Annemarie F Justesen, Stephanie Walter,
Chris K Sørensen, Tine Thach, Julian R Algaba, Poul Lassen,
Jens G Hansen

2. The Borlaug Global Rust Initiative NetworkThe Borlaug Global Rust Initiative Network
GRRC, Aarhus University
Denmark

3. GRRC established in 2008 with support from
CIMMYT, ICARDA and Aarhus University
• Quarantine facility which can recieve live
samples of wheat rust year roundp y
(pathotyping)
• Store alive isolates of incoming samples &• Store alive isolates of incoming samples &
take responsibility for ”historic” Stubbs
collection (Wageningen University NL)collection (Wageningen University, NL)
• Assist in training of scientists in wheat rust
pathology

4. www.wheatrust.org

5. Type of GRRC activities, funding bodies and budget
Applied Research national
International Activities
National Strategic Research
pHd Education
Annual average 2013-2015: ~ 1.6 M US$

6. WheatWheat rustrust quarantinequarantine
facilitfacilitfacilityfacility

7. N2N2 storagestorage of liveof live wheatwheat rustrust isolatesisolates
~ 8000 samples from recent years

8. N2N2 storagestorage of liveof live wheatwheat rustrust isolatesisolates
~ 5000 samples from historic ”Stubbs” collection

10. New GRRC standard procedure for P. striiformis sample
handling prior to virulence phenotyping and DNA genotyping
Plant inoculation
Excision of single lesion
from leaf sample and
induction of sporulation on
Isolate multiplication
and subsequent
pathotyping
p
wet Whatman paper
Excision of
single lesion
from dry leafSSR genotyping from dry leafSSR genotyping
with ABI3730XL
DNA Analyzer
DNA
extraction
Q
Multiplex PCR from 75ng
DNA with 20 SSR primers
(Ali et al BMC Research with Qiagen
DNeasy Plant
Mini Kit
(Ali et al. BMC Research
Notes 2011, 4:240) in
2 Multiplex reactions

11. GRRC Wheat Rust Sample Summary 2013y

12. GRRC Wheat Rust Sample Summary 2013y

13. T h t t iTwo short stories
1. Origin and spread of two aggressive1. Origin and spread of two aggressive
strains of P. striiformis
2 U d di h i l h2. Understanding the virulence phenotype
(case: Yr17)( )

14. P. Striiformis aggressiveness
Increased aggressiveness:
Refers to a pathogen isolate
that causes disease more
quick and severe on aq
susceptible host (compatible
interaction) - compared to a
reference isolatereference isolate
• Susceptible cv. Cartago
• 12 days after inoculation
i b t d i th
Non-aggressive Aggressive strain
- incubated in the same
environment
strain NA 1990 NA 2005

15. P. Striiformis aggressiveness
Walter et al. 2012:
570 isolates from 40 countries• 570 isolates from 40 countries
and six continents (recent
collections by GRRC and
references from the historicreferences from the historic
“Stubbs” collection)
AAssays:
• 3 SCAR markers (developed
from AFLP polymorphic sites)
d 20 SSR kand 20 SSR markers were
applied to assess genetic
association to PstS1 and PstS2
( i t i )
Non-aggressive Aggressive strain
(aggressive strains)
• 15 virulences based on 25-30
wheat differential lines
strain NA 1990 NA 2005

16. 2. Understanding the virulence phenotype
Example: phenotyping virulence to Yr17 derived from T. ventricosum/ VPM1
Yr17 virulence Yr17 avirulence Yr17 avirulence? Yr17 virulence?Yr17 virulence Yr17 avirulence Yr17 avirulence?

17. 2. Understanding the virulence phenotype
New exotic race appeared in high frequency in Europe in 2011:
Ambition (DK)/Warrior (UK)
Conclusions (preliminary)Conclusions (preliminary)
• Isolates of Ambition/Warrior race
heterozygous for virulence to Yr17
• Virulence to Yr17 dominant or co-
dominant

19. Concluding remarks
• Global Rust Reference Center (GRRC) is running and
expanding – emphasis on yellow (stripe) and stem rust
• Isolate collections expanding, - contributing to the
understanding of host-pathogen interactions at the genetic
and epidemiological level
• Wheat Rust Toolbox provide a new tool for rapidp p
dissemination and interpretation of a wide array of results
related to ’wheat rust epidemiology’
• Significant increase in activities in recent years (project
funding and investment in facilities by Aarhus University)

20. Acknowledgements
International collaborators
• Kumarse Nazari, ICARDA
• Amor Yahyaoui, ICARDA
R i Si h CIMMYT
GRRC-team
• Ravi Singh, CIMMYT
• Dave Hudson, CIMMYT
• Claude Pope, INRA (F)
• Jonathan Yuen, SLU (S)
• Cristobal Uauy, JIC (UK)
• Rosemary Bayles, NIAB (UK)ose a y ay es, (U )
• Kerstin Flath, JKI (D)
• James Brown, JIC(UK)
Sajid Ali (P)• Sajid Ali, (P)
• > 40 people who submitted samples from
Asia, Africa and South America