Lecture 24 from a college level neuropharmacology course taught in the spring 2012 semester by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University.

1. Inhalants
Brian J. Piper, Ph.D.

2. Commonly Abused Products
• Gases
– Nitrous oxide, helium, refrigerants, propane
• Cleaning Agents
– Spot remover, degreaser
• Solvents and Fuels
– Butane propane, nail polish remover, paint
thinner/remover, correction fluid, permanent
markers, gasoline, engine octane boosters

3. Commonly Abused Products
• Aerosols
– Spray paint, hair spray, air freshener, deodorant, fabric
protector
• Adhesives
– Model airplane glue, rubber cement, PVC cement
• Foods
– Cooking spray, aerosol whipped cream toppings

4. MtF: Epidemiology

5. MtF: Epidemiology
Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome

6. Functional Resiliency
• MRI & neurobehavioral tests
of adolescent toluene and
polysubstance abusers
(N=50/group)
White matter hyperintensities
Rosenberg et al. (2002). Clinical Toxicology, 40, 21-34.

7. Functional Resiliency
• MRI & neurobehavioral tests
of adolescent toluene and
controls (N=50/group)
Rosenberg et al. (2002). Clinical Toxicology, 40, 21-34.

8. Neurobehavioral Tests
Test Use(s)
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Schizophrenia/Alzheimer’s (Frontal lobe)
Continuous Performance Test ADHD
Tower of London Alzheimer’s
Trail Making Test Alzheimer’s
Novel Places & Faces ?

9. Concluding Thoughts
• Beyond dichotomies
• Pharmacokinetics
• Pharmacodynamics
• Neurobehavioral Methods