Week 11 in Canada in the World

1. 11-Not Canada:
Newfoundland
HIST 124: Canada in the World
23 November 2011

2. Today, 3 Points
• Linked to previous classes
• Conrad/Finkel, ch. 14

3. 3 Points
1. Fish, whales and Skrealings
2. Empires and Colonizers
3. Not Canada

4. 1. Fish, Whales &
Skrealings
• Early contact

5. Aboriginals
• Beothuk (and Little
Passage)
• Mi’Kmaq
• Inuits

6. Beotuks
• Nomadic, fishermen,
hunter gatherers
• Coastal
• Small populations
• Linguistic isolate

7. Beotuks
• «Red Indians»
• Probably not Skrealings

8. Beothuks
• Extinct in 1829
• † Shanawdithit
Desmaduit, 1819

9. Norse
• Atlantic expansion, 800
to 1000
• Greenland, 982, Erik
Thorvaldsson
• Vinland, c1000, Lief
Eiriksson, Thórfinn
Thordarson, Freydis
Eiriksdaughter,
Thorvald Eiriksson

10. Myth
• Massachussets, Rhode Island, Cape Cod

11. New research
• Newfoundland
• Anse-aux-Meadows
• 1961, Helde and Anne Stine
Ingstad

12. Newer research
• Research Sagas in original Norse language
• Environmental research
• Birgitta Wallace

13. Vindand
• Greenland
• Helluland
• Markland
• Vinland

14. Fishermen
• Cod
• Whale

15. Grand Banks

16. Bristol Bankers

17. 2. Empires and
Colonizers
• Competition for possession of
Newfoundland

18. Competition
• 1380-1497
• Giovanni Caboto, 1497
• Sir Humphrey Gilbert, 5 Aug. 1583

19. 1556

20. Competition
• Between France and GB
• Cod

21. England’s «oldest» colony

22. Battle for St. John’s, 1697

23. Colonization
• Inaffective mostly
• Plaisance (1662), Placentia (1713)
• Avalon Peninsula, Ferryland

25. After Utrecht
• Newfoundland is British
• Saint-Pierre et Miquelon, «French Shore»
are French

27. 3. Not Canada
• Not before 1949

28. Not Canada
• Government
• 1713-1730
• Naval Governors,1730-1815
• Reform Era, 1815-32
• Representative Government,
1832-1855
• Amalgamated Assembly,
1842-8
• Responsible Government,
1855-1933