2. Controls Save Energy
Lighting energy savings due to Lighting Controls
Energy Management
Strategies
Multi-Tenant Corporate Hospital Admin Major Sports
Office bldg Office Building Building complex
300K ft2 400K ft2 175K ft2 1.3 M ft2
Adaptive Scheduling 14% 9% 22% 24%
Daylight Harvesting 1% 4% 8% 3%
Lighting Limits 9% 11% 13% 5%
Occupancy Control 31% 25% 25% 37%
Personal Task Control 6% 11% 2% 2%
Load Shedding 0% 5% 3% 5%
Cumulative Savings
due to Addressable 61% 64% 74% 77%
Lighting Controls
3. DALI – the simple, versatile digital lighting solution
DALI = Digital Addressable Lighting Interface
DALI is an international standard created specifically for digital lighting
control
DALI provides a single interface for all electronically controlled light
sources in an easy-to-install and versatile system
DALI promises flexibility in design, and ease of installation
DALI provides almost unlimited scalability of lighting control systems
DALI is cost-effective through energy-savings and is easy to manage
Created by Europe’s leading lighting manufacturers and is firmly
established all over the world
Source: DALI-AG
4. History: Founded in Europe
Tridonic and others
» Digital Serial Interface (DSI) ballasts in 1991
» Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) ballast in 1998
» Dropped royalties to gain wide spread acceptance of DALI
IEC
» DALI protocol (IEC Standard 60929, Annex E & G) advanced to voting process
in year 2000.
» Adopted by other leading ballast and control manufactures
» Formally adopted summer of 2002
5. History: Came to USA (and the world)
NEMA Controls Council
» Wiring Devices, Controls, and Ballasts
» Liaison with International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
» DALI subcommittee
IESNA Controls Subcommittee
» Established to develop a control protocol
» Reviewed several existing systems
» Asked by NEMA to comment on DALI proposal
A true GLOBAL and OPEN standard
6. DALI AG
Global Governing Body to Promote and manage the DALI protocol
Review protocol compliance by manufactures
>62 members as of January 2012
ABB - ALTENBURGER - B.E.G. - BAG - BTICINO - CABA - CEAG - CP ELECTRONICS LTD - CRESTRON ELECTRONICS - DELMATIC - DIAL -
DISTECH CONTROLS SAS - DYNALITE - ECKERLE - ELDOLED - ELTAM - ERC - ERCO - ETAP-Excellum - EUTRAC - FIFTH - GERARD -
GEWISS - GITRONICA - HÜCO - HADLER - HARVARD ENGINEERING PLC - HELVAR - HEP TECH CO. LTD. - HERBERT WALDMANN GMBH &
CO KG - HESCH INDUSTRIE-ELEKTRONIK GMBH - INFRANET - INSTA - KATHREIN Austria - LEGRAND GROUP - LIGHTOLIER - LUTRON -
MACKWELL - ME - NIKO - NOVAR ED&S Limited - OSRAM - PHILIPS - POWER SYSTEMS - RENESAS ELECTRONICS EUROPE GMBH - SAIA
BURGESS CONTROLS AG - SAMSUNG LED Co., Ltd. - SANDER - SCEMTEC - SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC - SIMMTRONIC - SITECO
BELEUCHTUNGSTECHNIK - SPITTLER - STEINEL PROFESSIONAL - TCI - TRIDONIC - Theben AG - UNIVERSAL - VENTURE LIGHTING EUROPE
Ltd - VOSSLOH - WAGO - XAL - ZUMTOBEL
DALI-AG.org
7. What is DALI?
DALI is not a product
DALI is a protocol, a set of rules defined from
ballast perspective
» Power connection
» Lamp response
» Control interface
» Command set
8. Benefits of DALI
International standard Versatility
Interchangeability of different manufacturers’ Freely addressable DALI operating devices for
equipment scalable lighting scenes (from workplace to room, to
Designed specifically for commercial and architectural floor, to building)
lighting Lighting group configuration and reconfiguration by
Future-proof software (no hard-wiring and rewiring)
Interoperability with building management systems
Cost-effectiveness
Intelligent lighting management (maximizing service life Digital system
and saving energy) Distributed intelligence (no external switching
Low installation costs (simple wiring, fewer and low- relays, local storage of up to 16 lighting scenes on
cost components) one DALI operating device)
Low maintenance costs Automated functions (e.g. sensor controlled dimming
and switching)
Simple planning and installation Individual status reporting
Single-cable solution (no additional bus cable required)
Simple wiring (no observance of polarity, any topology)
Flexible lighting design
Source: DALI-AG
9. Benefits of DALI
Lower initial cost to the Owner
» Simple wiring
Higher level of maintenance to the Facility Manager
» Status of lamp and ballast
Greater flexibility to the Lighting Designer
» Change grouping via software
Lower energy costs to the User
» Reduced power consumption
Greater sense of control to the Occupant
» Individual control
10. Benefits for architects
Ability to Mix and match
» All major manufacturers offer DALI-compliant lighting control devices which are
available for all kinds of light sources – offering freedom of choice
» Architects can combine lighting solutions from multiple manufacturers and use
different types of luminaires in one installation, allowing more artistic freedom
Scene-based lighting
» Using different lighting scenes, the mood and function of rooms or areas of a
building, or even the character of a building itself, can be changed at the touch
of a button
Meeting people’s needs
» Good lighting meets the visual, emotional and biological needs of the people
using a building
» Optimum conditions can be created by means of automated dimming and
switching, using daylight and occupancy sensors, for example
Source: DALI-AG
11. Benefits for specifiers
Cost-effective
» Fewer components and simple wiring, systems offer intelligent scene-based lighting management at low cost
» Luminaires are grouped using software instead of hard-wiring allows changes to be made at any point up to the
commissioning stage purely by reprogramming, without the expense of redesigning or rewiring
Versatile
» Replaces inflexible 1-10V analogue systems
» Control individual luminaires, light groups and networks
» Luminaires can be freely assigned to different groups to create flexible lighting scenes for workplaces, rooms, floors and
buildings
» Interoperable with all building management systems
» Lighting scenes can be configured, reconfigured, saved and called up again on a central computer, meeting changing
requirements with total flexibility throughout the system’s life
Simple and intelligent
» Single interface for all types of electronic control gear (ECG) and lighting control devices
» Light fittings from any manufacturer and of any load type can be used in one installation, as long as they are fitted with
DALI ECG, removing the constraints created by proprietary systems
» Local lighting intelligence of the ECG, fewer controls are necessary for changing lighting scenes and even first-time
users can quickly learn to operate groups of lights
Source: DALI-AG
12. Benefits for installers and electrical contractors
DALI is not only easy to install, but also extremely cost effective, saving both time and resources
Wiring made simple
» Single-cable digital system
» Wiring is done using only a standard mains rated 5-core cable that handles power supply and DALI
communications, so no separate bus cable or special tools are required
» Offers complete freedom of topology, DALI avoids the wiring errors common with 1-10V systems
Digital means simple and flexible
» There is no need to wire luminaires in groups
» The system is simply programmed and, if requirements change, it can be reprogrammed, thus avoiding
costly rewiring
» Switching relays are unnecessary because switching is done locally by the ballasts themselves
» DALI can easily be integrated into a building management system by means of a simple gateway
interface
» Testing, fault-finding and commissioning are simplified and time is saved thanks to central monitoring of
luminaire status
Source: DALI-AG
13. Benefits for building owners and facility managers
DALI offers cost effective sustainability, ease of use, central monitoring and occupant-comfort
Cost-effectiveness
» Keeps running costs low through intelligent management of lamps and ballasts (i.e. dimming and switching) to
maximize their service life, saving energy and reducing replacement costs
Sustainability
» Versatile and scalable enough to accommodate any changes in room uses and lighting requirements throughout the
life of the building
Ease of use
» Easy to operate and provide a high degree of convenience - configured flexibly for task-related lighting scenes and
reconfigure without rewiring when tenancies change
» Permits extensive automation of lighting using daylight sensors, time controls and occupancy sensors
Central monitoring
» DALI’s 2-way digital communications feature system monitoring, status feedback and fault reporting, thus reducing
maintenance costs, and enabling lighting groups to be reconfigured centrally and integrates as a sub-system in the
building management system
Occupant comfort
» Occupants enjoy a pleasant working environment due both to the ease with which they can change lighting scenes
and to automated comfort features, such as dimming and switching in response to ambient light levels and
occupancy
Source: DALI-AG
14. DALI vs. Proprietary Digital Bus
The market is confused and searching for a solution
One group wants a single vendor solution for security
and guaranteed compatibility
» Most single vendor solutions lock a project into a proprietary
solution with higher price and limited options
Another group wants an open/standard solution for
competitive pricing and broader options
» Many open solutions have compatibility challenges and open the
project to finger pointing
15. Crestron DALI Solution
Single Vendor = Single Point of Responsibility and Response
» Crestron supplies Ballasts, Controls, Sensors and Systems beyond DALI
» Crestron takes full responsibility for start-up and commissioning of the entire
Crestron system
» Designer and Contractor are secure because there is “one throat to choke”
Open Standard = Competitive Pricing and Broader Choices
» True DALI solution – member of DALI and fully compliant
» Competitive to every other DALI manufacturer – No single source cost
premium
» If the application requires components beyond those supplied by Crestron, the
world of DALI is open to the design
16. Protocol: Power Connection
• Initial application of voltage – lamps go to full output
or other preset level
• Universal voltage input – 115V to 300V, 50Hz to 60Hz
• High power factor
• Low harmonics
• Transient protection
17. Protocol: Lamp Response
Precise dimming curve
» Logarithmic curve
» Range: 0.1% to 100% for incandescent,
1% to 100% for linear fluorescent and LED,
3% to 100% for CFL
» 254 steps
» Based on lamp arc power
• not lamp lumen output
18. Protocol: Control Interface
Intent
Electrical
Media
Wiring
Bits and Bytes
No Collision Detection
20. Control Interface: Electrical
Voltage – 0 VDC to 16VDC (+/- 4.5V)
Voltage drop – must not exceed 2 volts
Loss of control voltage – lamps go to preset level
Current – 2 ma consumption, able to sink 250 ma
Power – Remote power supply of <250 ma
Speed – 1,200 bits/sec - Slow but reliable
» compare to Ethernet at 100Mb/s
» Slower communication speed and Manchester Encoding
increase reliability and noise resistance
Must be able to withstand live voltage
21. Control Interface: Media
Two wire
Twisted pair not required
Shielded pair not required
Non-polarized
No End-of-Line resistor
Standard building wire
22. Control Interface: Wiring
Maximum length of 300 meters
Open topology: chain, star, tree
Class 2 (may be wired as Class 1)
» for ballasts, controls
May be installed with line voltage
23. DALI Wiring Topology Diagram
Serial Connection Star Connection
Or in any combination of the two topologies
24. Control Interface: Bits and Bytes
Address (one specific ballast)
• 0AAAAAA1 + CCCCCCCC , 0AAAAAA0 + arc power
Broadcast (all ballasts – to avoid “popcorning”)
• 11111111 + CCCCCCCC , 11111110 + arc power
Group (send to group – to avoid “popcorning”)
• 100GGGG1 + CCCCCCCC , 100GGGG0 + arc power
“Go To Scene”:
• 0AAAAAA1 + 0001SSSS
• 11111111 + 0001SSSS
• 100GGGG1 + 0001SSSS
25. Control Interface: No Collision Detection
Assumes only one sending device
Ballasts talk only when queried
No checking for simultaneous commands
Control manufacturers must provide collision
detection
» Crestron DIN-DALI, when properly configured, no risk of
collision
26. Protocol: Command Set
Current command set is for ballasts only.
>100 commands defined
» with space for future commands
Ability to program, control and monitor status
information
Spaces in commands defined for manufacture
specific commands
» Like Power Metering
27. Ballast Commands: To Ballast
» Off » Fade to Level
» Step Up » Set Actual Level
» Step Down, » Set Power On Level
» On and Step Up » Set System Failure Level
» Set Max » Set Fade Time
» Step Down and Off » Set Fade Rate
» Set Min » Set Scene
» Go to Max » Go to Scene
» Go to Min » Remove from Scene
» Up to Max » Set Group
» Down to Min » Remove from Group
28. Ballast Commands: Information from Ballast (Query)
Actual Level, Scene Level
Power ON Level Fade Time
System Failure Level Random Address
» Invalid arc power request Version Number
» Lamp failure Device Type
» Just Reset
Max
Min
Group Assignment
29. Device Types
Type 0 – Standard (fluorescent)
Type 1 – Emergency lighting
Type 2 – HID lamps
Type 3 – Low voltage halogen lamps
Type 4 – Line voltage incandescent lamps
Type 5…255 – Future device type (LED, Induction)
30. DALI Programming
Each DALI loop can support up to 64 individual
addresses
When in initial programming mode:
• Each ballast generates a 24 bit random address
• Control unit then assigns a 6 bit short address (0 to 63) to
each ballast
• May reassign a 6 bit address to each ballast
• May assign a 6 bit address by disconnecting a lamp from the
ballast
Crestron DALI software masks this level of detail from end
user
31. DALI Programming (Cont’d)
Group Addressing
» Each DALI loop can support up to 16 individual groups
» Each ballast may belong to any or all of the 16 available groups
Scene Setting
» Each ballast may have as many as 16 preset levels (scenes)
» Scenes may be applied to ballasts
» Scenes may be applied to groups
32. Wiring per NEC
Approved for use in Class 1 and Class 2
installations
DALI wiring may be with line-voltage wiring
Could use a 5-wire prefabricated wiring assemble
Installation must comply with Code
Verify rating of control units
34. Auxiliary Components
Power Supply
» Voltage – 16VDC (9.5V to 22.5V)
» Power – <250 ma
Controller Units – Separate or in one unit
» Scene Controller
» Daylight Harvesting Controller
» Occupancy Controller
Computer Interface (optional)
36. Auxiliary Components (Cont’d)
Gateways
» DALI – RS232
» DALI - Ethernet
» RS232 – Ethernet hub
» In separate cabinet from the branch circuit panelboard
37. The Crestron DALI Product Line
DALI Controllers – DIN-DALI-2
» Controller with 2 DALI Loops, Ethernet and Crestnet
DALI Ballasts – GLB-DALI
» T8, T5, T5HO – 1,2,3 Lamp
» Standard or Energy Metering Versions
DALI Configuration Software
» Local, Ethernet, Crestnet
Facility Management – Fusion-EM
» Ballast Status, Building Scheduling
38. Crestron DIN-DALI-2 Controller
Interfaces with 2 independent DALI loops
Controls up to 128 DALI ballasts
Cresnet or PoE communication for single wire
installation
Integrated DALI power supply
Crestron DALI commissioning tool for easy setup
Override input
9M wide DIN rail mounting
40. Crestron DALI Solutions: Equipment
DIN-DALI-2: Ballast Interface
Allows for DALI to talk to Cresnet
(Protocol to Protocol…seamlessly)
Each interface has 2 DALI loops:
2 x 64 = 128 devices
DALI wire is supplied by Belden
Housed in a 2x1 simple CAEN Enclosure or
DIN rail mounted
Requires a control processor such as the DIN-
AP2 DIN rail mounted unit
Self healing system = 1 ballast goes down &
replaced, automatically re-addressed
Ballast Interface
40
41. DALI Solutions: Equipment
DIN-AP2: Control Processor
The DIN-DALI-2 interface requires a
processor
(the brains of the system)
Any Crestron 2-series control processor
can be used
(PAC2, PAC2M, DIN-AP2, etc.)
Recommended is the DIN-AP2 because it
has a similar mounting configuration
Control Processor
41
42. Crestron DALI Solutions: Equipment
DIN-PWS50: Power Supply
The DIN-DALI-2 interface requires a power
supply for the Cresnet Devices that are on
their own, independent bus
50W can be supplied through one power
supply to connect:
- Keypads
- Occupancy Sensors
- Photo Sensors
- Touchpanels
- Shade Controllers
- & other Cresnet Devices
Power Supply
42
43. DALI Solutions: Example System
LAN Ethernet
DALI loop 1
DALI ballast DALI ballast ... DALI ballast
DALI loop 2
POWER SUPPLY DALI ballast DALI ballast ... DALI ballast
Daylight Occupancy
120-230VAC Harvesting Sensors
Viridian
Security Server Microsoft PROCESSOR INTERFACE Keypads/
System (Energy Outlook HVAC Other touchpanels sensor sensor
Server Mgmt) Server Server Servers
DIN-
DIN-AP2 DIN-DALI-2
PWS50 GLS-SIM GLS-SIM
Cresnet Cresnet Cresnet
USB or Ethernet
PC running commissioning software
43
44. Crestron GLB-DALI Ballast Features
Programmed start
Standby power of <0.3w
Automatic restart after lamp replacement
Automatic identification and operation of several
wattage lamp types
Universal voltage support (120-277 VAC)
Flicker-free dimming from 1% to 100%
High power factor of .99
45. Crestron GLB-DALI Ballast Features
Short circuit protection
Open circuit safety feature
Energy efficiency class EE1=A1
Lamps operated above 40k Hz to avoid interference
with infrared devices and reduce lamp flicker
Lamp crest factor of 1.7 or less
NEMA premium
Works with any standard DALI controller
46. Crestron GLB-DALI Ballast Features
Coverage
» T8, T5 and T5HO Ballasts
» 1, 2 & 3 Lamp
Multi Power-Multi Lamp in one SKU
» Three ballast run multiple lamp wattages
» 16 SKU’s covers more applications than the 74 SKU’s of
Competitors
Lowest Standby Power Consumption (<.03W) In industry.
» Competition = .5W
Only built in Power Metering in the industry
High Ballast Factor of 1.15 or above
47. More Crestron GLB-DALI Ballast Product Details
Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI)
The DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface) standard allows multiple ballasts to be
daisy chained using low-voltage wiring for power on/off and dimming control. Up to 64
ballasts can exist on a single DALI channel, each operating independently. DALI lighting is
optimal for applications that require granular control of each fixture, such as open office floor
plans and daylight harvesting in classrooms.
Build-in Power Metering
Optional power metering tracks real time energy usage of each load, thereby delivering
statistics to help control energy costs. By analyzing real data, organizations can make
educated decisions regarding energy resources, which will have greater impact on the
bottom line.
Protection
GLB-DALI ballasts feature End-of-Life Protection, are short and open circuit proof and have
an auto shutdown feature in case of lamp failure. GLB-DALI ballasts are feature protected
shut down against main input lower than 80 Volts AC and auto recovery starting from 95
Volts AC. GLB-DALI ballasts also feature warm start in every dimming position and overload
protection.
48. Crestron DALI Configuration Software
Designed specifically for the DIN-DALI-2, the Crestron DALI
commissioning software tool simplifies and expedites system
setup
» The intuitive menu-driven wizard provides step-by-step
configuration of ballast properties, groups, and scenes
» Simply set the ballast address and check connectivity status, edit
minimum/maximum levels and fade time, and change ballast
groupings and scenes
» Makes ballast replacement straightforward through automatic
identification of new hardware IDs.
» Settings from old ballasts are transferred to replacements with
just a few mouse clicks, saving time and eliminating guess work
and frustration
65. Facility Management with Crestron Fusion EM™
Track real-time energy usage
View historical energy consumption for
day, week, month or year
Control lighting levels, shades, and
climate in real time
Define pre-meeting temperature set points, lighting and shade levels
Change settings for occupied and unoccupied states
Adjust demand response rules for lighting and HVAC
Schedule end-of-day shutdown
At-a-glance view of room status for entire facility
Server-based scalable redundant architecture with load balancing
66. The Value of Green
Managing building energy efficiency is key to cost
savings and return on investment
Managing equipment power extends equipment
lifecycle and saves on energy
Knowing when and how rooms are utilized helps
improve climate efficiency and plan for future
growth
67. Fusion EM™ – The Basics
Built on the Fusion distributed architecture
» > 9,000 installed worldwide
Upgrades directly from RoomView Server Edition 7.2 or
Fusion 8.1
Fusion EM user interface includes
» Feedback & Control – Manage lights, shades, HVAC
» Automation – Create events for lights and shades
» Energy Monitoring – View real-time and historical energy
68. Monitor and Control – Summary View
• High level overview
• View summary of lights, shades,
occupancy , temperature
• Change lighting scenes or shade
presets
• Sort rooms by column status
69. Monitor and Control – Room Detail View
• View status of lights, shades,
occupancy , temperature
• Open e-Control remote interface
• Change lighting scenes or shade
presets
•Create automation events
• Change lighting levels of individual
loads
• Track energy usage
70. Room Automation
• Setup rules for occupancy and
meetings
• Create time clock events for
time-of-day or sunrise/sunset
• Automatically set room
environment for lights, shades,
HVAC
• Rooms inherit node level events
71. Monitoring Energy
• View real-time energy
consumption
• Track historical usage over time:
day, week, month, year
• Compare to previous time
periods
• View by energy or cost
72. Licensing
Fusion RV and Fusion EM are licensed separately
Unlicensed evaluation mode provides full access to
both Fusion RV and Fusion EM
License either client or both
When one client is licensed, the other is disabled
until it is licensed separately
74. Lighting Plan for Open Office
» CEC Title 24: mandatory
• Two level or dimming
• Occupancy / Auto Off
• Daylight Harvest
• Time-of-Day off with timed manual override
» Adjust for individual comfort
» Weekend function
» Security function
» Power reduction
75. STEP 1:
Design fixture layout or retrofit existing fixtures with DALI compatible ballast.
76. STEP 2:
Layout DALI network (2 wires) to each fixture independent of circuit wiring. Each DALI loop can
support up to 64 ballast. Loop wires can be located in same conduit with power wiring
77. STEP 3:
Design controls into space and determine easiest connection to controls. Identify placement of
bus power supply and optional network interface.
78. STEP 4:
Address DALI ballasts. Determine fixture groupings and map control devices to fixtures. Each
ballast can be assigned to multiple groups (16 max).
84. Potential Commissioning Agents
Any of these parties can be the DALI Commissioning Agent
» DALI Ballast Manufacturer
» DALI Controller Manufacturer
» Luminaire Manufacturer
» Architect
» Lighting Designer
» Electrical Engineer
» Electrician
» Manufacturer’s Representative
» Programmer
» Systems Integrator
» Commissioner
Confusion and conflict are potentials if one party is not selected and
chartered with DALI commissioning
Crestron takes full responsibility for commissioning of our controls
systems and ballasts
85. Commissioning:
DALI Product Manufacturer
» Test product prior to shipment
Luminaire Manufacturer
» Test assembly prior to shipment
» Could preprogram addresses, groups, scenes
Electrician
» Require high quality splices and terminations
» Document power wiring and control wiring
» Verify power wiring and lamping
» Verify DALI loop – broadcast raise/lower, count ballast quantity
86. Commissioning: (Cont’d)
Lighting Designer / Electrical Engineer
» Determine preset levels for scenes
Crestron Programmer
» Assign and document groups
» Assign and document scenes
Systems Integrator
» Combine with IT or AV
87. Commissioning: (Cont’d)
Commissioner – Crestron Control System Field Engineer
» Two people with walkie-talkies
» Document groupings - Critical
» Flash addressed ballast until that ballast is found
» Cycle through addresses to find ballast address
» Document ballast addresses on lighting plans – Critical
Crestron takes “systems responsibility” for all supplied
elements of the Crestron system
» 3rd party ballast commissioning available for additional fee
88. DALI vs. Proprietary Digital Bus
The market is confused and searching for a solution
One group wants a single vendor solution for
security and guaranteed compatibility
» Most single vendor solutions lock a project into a
proprietary solution with higher price and limited options
Another group wants an open/standard solution
for competitive pricing and broader options
» Many open solutions have compatibility challenges and
open the project to finger pointing
89. Crestron DALI Solution
Single Vendor = Single Point of Responsibility and Response
» Crestron supplies Ballasts, Controls, Sensors and Systems
beyond DALI
» Crestron takes full responsibility for start-up and commissioning
of the entire Crestron system
» Designer and Contractor are secure because there is “one throat
to choke”
Open Standard = Competitive Pricing and Broader Choices
» True DALI solution – member of DALI and fully compliant
» Competitive to every other DALI manufacturer – No single source
cost premium
» If the application requires components beyond those supplied by
Crestron, the world of DALI is open to the design