3. Paraneoplastic syndromes
Symptoms:
May be endocrine, neuromuscular or
musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, cutaneous,
hematologic, gastrointestinal, renal, or
miscellaneous in nature
Nonmetastatic manifestation of malignancies
CSBRP-DEC-2012
4. Paraneoplastic syndromes
Mechanisms:
The mechanisms of how cancers affect distant
sites are not understood precisely
• Cross-reacting Abs
• Production of physiologically active substances
• Interference with normal metabolic pathways
• Idiopathic
CSBRP-DEC-2012
7. Paraneoplastic syndromes
Miscellaneous (nonspecific):
Fever, anorexia, and cachexia are included in
this category.
Fever frequently is associated with
lymphomas, acute leukemias, sarcomas, renal
cell carcinomas (Grawitz tumors), and
digestive malignancies (including the liver)
CSBRP-DEC-2012
8. Paraneoplastic syndromes
Rheumatologic
Arthropathies
Polymyalgia [myelomas; lymphomas; leukemia]
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy [lung cancers,
pleural mesothelioma, may be observed in as
many as 95% of cases]
SLE: Patients with lymphomas or cancers of the lung,
breast, or gonads may have systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).
Secondary amyloidosis: Patients with myeloma, RCC,
HD, and lymphomas CSBRP-DEC-2012
9. Paraneoplastic syndromes
Renal
(ACTH) or ACTH-like substances may have
hypokalemic nephropathy
ADH, and gut hormones may cause
hypokalemia, hyponatremia or hypernatremia,
hyperphosphoremia, and alkalosis or acidosis
Nephrotic syndrome - Hodgkin lymphoma
(HL); non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL);
leukemias; melanomas
CSBRP-DEC-2012