Cyclo converter design for hf applications using h-bridge inverter

Name: ASHOK KUMAR C.U. Register No: 11809105005
Name: THAMARAICHSELVAN.S Register No: 11809105100

Internal Guide: Mr. MUSTHAFA. P External Guide: Mr. SATHISH KUMAR.T
Qualification: M.E Qualification: M.E.
Designation: Assistant Professor Designation: Project Team Leader in HAS

Abstract
• Designing a Cyclo-converter using Diode rectifier and H-
bridge series resonant inverter.
• Inverter- light weight and reduced the switch count.
• Power electronics switches- MOSFET with a pair of diode in
antiparallel.
• Load- RLC for obtaining a resonant frequency
• Control circuit – PIC16F877 microcontroller
• To verify these design- power circuit-MATLAB and control
circuit- Keil μversion4 software.

April 11, 2013 BE - Electrical and Electronics Engineering 2

Objective of the project
 “Design a Cyclo-Converter with RLC load” in order to get
multiple output from the single input with reduced switching
loss

 RLC load- for obtaining a resonant frequency of 30KHz

 Voltage and current – Maintaining constant at load

 Power factor – unity power factor


Existing Cyclo-Converter Circuit Diagram:

A Single input single output(SISO) system is used


Proposed Cyclo-Converter Circuit Diagram
Single input multi output (SIMO) is used with wide
range of frequency without switching losses


Comparison Between Proposed And Existing System
S.NO PROPOSED SYSTEM EXISTING SYSTEM
1 Single input multi output (SIMO) is Single input single output(SISO) system
used with wide range of frequency is used
without switching losses
2 Obtain a variable frequency and it Obtain a variable frequency but cannot
can be regulate and maintain be regulate and maintain
3 Less physical damage More physical damage
4 RLC load is used Inductive load is used
5 Less harmonic distortion Harmonic distortion is high when
compare with proposed system
6 Cost is less Cost is more
7 MOSFET with pair of diode is used IGBT is used which results is
to reduced the switching loss appreciable switching loss
8 Operate at Unity power factor Power Factor may be vary (0.85 to 0.95)


Innovation / Modification
 MOSFET with pair of diode is used- high
switching speed- to regulate the voltage at load.

High Frequency series resonant bridge inverter
is used to convert low frequency to high frequency

PIC16F877 microcontroller – control signal


Modules Involved
• Software Required:
- MATLAB7.10a R2010
-Keil μVersion4
• Hardware Required:
- LC filter circuit
- Diode Rectifier
- MOSFET switches
- H-Bridge Series Resonant Inverter
- RLC load
- PIC16F877 microcontroller ( for control Switches)


Modules Explanation
S.NO Component Explanations
.
1 MATLAB/ SIMULINK To design the Cyclo-Converter circuit and to
obtain output waveform by simulation
2 Keil Software Simulate the control signal using Microcontroller
PIC16F877 by developing C program
3 LC Filter Circuit Generating signals at a particular frequency, or
picking out a signal at a particular frequency from
a more complex signal
4 Diode Rectifier Act as RC snubber circuit, which is connected
between L and C filter circuit
5 MOSFET High commutation speed and good efficiency at
low voltages. It shares with the IGBT an isolated
gate that makes it easy to drive.
6 H- Bridge series The H bridge with a DC supply will generate a
Resonant inverter square wave voltage waveform across the load

Contd…

S.No. Component Explanation

Connected to load for operating under resonant
7 RLC load condition. This load is used to find out the resonant
frequency of the cycloconverter circuit

8 PIC16F877 Control signal- By developing a C program and simulate
microcontroller using Keil


Design Specification Values
Ideal sinusoidal AC Voltage source.

•Peak amplitude (V) : 110V
•Frequency : 50Hz
•Phase angle (α) : 0
•Sample time : 0

Filter Inductance (Ls ) : 1mH

Diode rectifier specification(RC snubber Circuit)

•No. of bridge arm :2
•Snubber resistance : 10kΩ
•Snubber capacitance : 1mF


 Filter Capacitance - 2μF

 H-Bridge Series Resonant Inverter Circuit parameter:(MOSFET )

• FET resistance : 0.1Ω
• Internal diode inductance :0H
• Internal diode resistance : 0.01 Ω
• Internal forward voltage :0V
• Snubber resistance : 10KΩ

 RLC circuit Branch
• Resistance - 9.5Ω
• Indutance - 60µH
• Capacitance - 0.45 μF


Design Formulae Used For Cyclo-Converter
Ton
1.Duty −cycle(γ ) = ×100
T
T = Ton + Toff ;

2.Output _ voltage
α Sin(2 α)
VO = VS 1 − +
π 2π
X 
3.θ = tan  
R
4. power _ factor = cos θ
Vo
5.Output _ current ( Io) =
Z
 1 
6.Output _ Im pedence( Z ) = R + j ωL − ;
 ωC 


DESIGN CALCULATION

H-bridge Series Resonant Inverter Design
Branch 1: For Gate signal using MOSFET

For → 1, Q 2
 Q
T (on) =1ms
T (off ) =1ms
T (on)
DutyCycle = ×100;
T
T =T (on) +T (off ) =1 +1 = 2ms
1
DutyCycle = ×100 = 50%
2
;
Q2 Must be Complement of Q1


• Branch 2:

For  →Q3, Q 4

T (on) = 0.8ms
T (off ) = 1.2ms
T (on)
DutyCycle = ×100;
T
T = T (on) + T (off ) = 0.8 +1.2 = 2ms
0.8
2



• Branch 3

For  →Q3, Q 4

T (on) = 0.4ms
T (off ) = 1.6ms
T (on)
DutyCycle = ×100;
T
T = T (on) + T (off ) = 0.4 +1.6 = 2ms
0.4
2



LOGIC DESIGN OF H-BRIDGE SERIES RESONANT INVERTER

S .No BRANCH BLOCK DUTY DESIGN LOGIC CIRCUIT
NUMBER NAME CYCLE
(IN %)

1 BRANCH 1 Q1, Q2 50

2 BRANCH 2 Q3, Q4 40

3 BRANCH 3 Q5,Q6 20


• RLC circuit Branch
At _ resonance
inductive _ reac tan ce = capacitive _ Re ac tan ce
1
ωL = ;
ωC
1
ω= ;
LC
1
=
60 × 10^ −6 × 0.45 × 10^ −6

ω = 192 × 10^3rad / sec


• To find Frequency and Time
frequency
ω 192 × ^3
10
fo = = =30 KHz
2π 2π

Time
1 1
T = = sec
fo 30000


To determine Output Voltage and Current at
load

Output _ voltage
α Sin(2 α) 0 sin( 2 ×0)
VO = VS 1 − + =110 1 − +
π 2π π 2π
Vo =110V

Current _ Measured :
Vo
Io = ;
Z
1
Z = R + j (ωL − );
ωC
1
Z = R ^ 2 + (ωL − )^ 2;
ωC


R = 9.5Ω; L = 60 µH ; C = 0.45µF
Contd..
Design parameters

Inductive Reactance ωL = 2π ×50 ×60 ×10^ −6;

ωL =11.52Ω;

1 1
Capacitive reactance = ;
ωC 2π ×50 ×0.45 ×10^ −6
1
=11.57Ω;
ωC

Impedence Z = 9.5^ 2 + (11.52 −11.57)^ 2 ;
( Z ) = 9.5Ω

110
Current ( Io) = =12 A
9.5


To Compute Power Factor
X
θ = tan  
R
X = 11.52 − 11.57 = −0.05Ω
R = 9.5Ω
 − 0.05 
θ = tan   = −0.3015;
 9.5 
power _ factor = cos θ = cos(−0.3015) = 1
power _ factor = 1(unity )


Simulink Design of Proposed Cyclo-Converter Circuit
diagram


Simulink Design Model Of Gate Pulse


Simulation Result Of Input Source


Simulation Result of DC voltage
link


Output Voltage at 50% duty cycle At RLC load


SIMULATION RESULT OF GATE PULSE


Output voltage at 40% duty Cycle


Simulation Result of Current Measured at
Duty Cycle 40%


Overall Simulation Result


Photographs of Hardware module


RESULTS:
• OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 110V
• RESONANT FREQUENCY = 30kHz
• TIME DELAY = 0.03ms
• OUTPUT CURRENT = 12 A
• POWER FACTOR =1
• Total Harmonic Distortion = 0.24%
(by MATLAB)


Applications
• High power low speed AC motor drive
• Metal heat treatment
• Thermal treatment process such as forging and
casting
• Electromagnetic induction based plasma generation
process
• High-speed dissolution process for the new materials
and melting process of semiconductor
manufacturing


Future Enhancements

• By using Cycloconverter, we can develop using
inverter named as Cyclo-inverter for industrial
purpose

• By specifying a multi-output series-resonant
high frequency inverter, an inverter is
obtained fulfilling the requirements


Conclusion
• In this project ,we describes how to design
and implement an 3 phase cycloconverter .
• The main objective- To low Frequency AC
input into High Frequency AC output
• The main feature of the inverter - reduced
switch count and lightweight.
• To overcome -voltage spike and high losses,
we are using MOSFET as switching devices.


Base Paper Details

• Cyclo-Converter Type High Frequency Link
Inverter For High Frequency Application By
Zainal Salam, Nge Chee Lim,


Publication Details

• Paper Published – ICCIAMR 2013 International
Conference Vels University , Pallavaram,
Chennai


Literature survey
• V.K Mehta and R. Mehta, Principles of Electronics(Multicolor Illustrative
Edition),Copy right-2004,2003,2002, S. Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi.
• M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Application 6th edition,
Copy right 2009, Prentice Hall, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ.
• A. K. Chattopadhyay, ‘‘Cycloconverters and cycloconverter-fed drives—A
Review.’’ J. Indian Inst. Sci.
• T. J. Rao, ‘‘Simplified control electronics for a practical cycloconverter.’’ Int. J.
Electronics
• B. R. Pelly, Thyristor Phase-Controlled Converters and Cycloconverters, John
Wiley, New York, 1971
• J. Davies and P. Simpson, Induction Heating Handbook. New York McCraw
Hill (U.K.) Limited.
• Vineeta Agarwal and Sachin Nema, “Resonant AC to AC”, ISIE, 20-23 June,
2005, Vol.2, Dubrovnik, Croatia,


Thank you


Cyclo converter design for hf applications using h-bridge inverter

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